Influence of sea-water intrusion and agricultural production on the Blato Aquifer,Island of Korčula,Croatia

The Blato aquifer is situated on the western side of the island of Korčula, southern Dalmatia, Croatia. The terrain is built of karstified carbonate rocks, mostly of the Cretaceous age. In the Blatsko karst polje there are four water supply wells with a total yield of about 60 l/s. The catchment area is 28 km². The whole terrain is tectonically disturbed and compressed; the most permeable fracture system is perpendicular to the structural “b” axes, which gives rise to a general groundwater direction towards the island’s northern coast. Average precipitation is 850 mm/year, but when there is less than 700 mm/year there is a high possibility of sea-water intrusion during the summer season. The risk significantly increases when dry years repeat. Hydrochemical research has shown that two main pollution sources occur at different hydrological moments: sea-water intrusion happens in the dry summer period when there is maximal extraction and almost no recharge; and the washing of nitrates and other humanly caused pollution indicators from the soil and epikarst belt during the rainy season. All factors must be taken into account when planning management and protection of such a sensitive environment.     

联合星载光学与SAR图像的城市大面积建筑物高度快速提取

星载高分辨率光学图像与SAR图像广泛应用于城市建筑物高度提取,但光学图像存在缺少相关卫星参数的情况,而SAR图像则存在散射特征不完整以及提取效率低等缺陷。针对以上问题,本文提出一种联合高分辨率星载光学与SAR图像的城市大面积建筑物高度快速提取方法。首先,结合支持向量机(SVM)和形态学阴影指数(MSI)快速提取光学图像中的阴影并自动测量阴影长度;之后选择多个合适样本,基于模型匹配法从SAR图像中提取高度;最后将高度与阴影长度作线性回归分析,建立数学模型来提取其他建筑物的高度。该方法将不同卫星系统的数据和特征相结合,互相弥补各自缺陷,不仅提高了效率、降低了成本,同时满足精度要求。     

三维激光扫描技术在铁路危岩体监测中的应用

铁路设计施工中,铁路沿线危岩体的情况对铁路线位的走向及施工有着重要的影响,因此,对铁路沿线危岩体的监测,是铁路勘测中相当重要的工作。但山区的危岩体的监测工作难度大,且危险性高,传统测量方法无法完成。三维激光扫描技术出现,以其高效性、高精度、远距离非接触测量等优势弥补了传统危岩体监测方法的缺点。本文探讨了如何应用三维激光扫描技术对铁路沿线的危岩体进行监测分析的方法。     

“A Place of Pain and Gain”: Exploring the Dynamics of Resistance in the Creation of Sengwe Tshipise Wilderness Corridor,Southeast Zimbabwe

This article examines the relationship between place attachment and resistance during participatory planning of the Sengwe Tshipise Wilderness Corridor, located in southeast Zimbabwe, a region that falls within the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area. Field research was conducted from July to December 2013 using 69 semistructured interviews, seven focus-group discussions, and analysis of secondary data. By following the dominant narratives articulated by villagers affected by this Corridor, we illustrate the multiple ways in which place attachment becomes part of everyday politics of resistance. Results show that a strong place-based identity is at the center of narratives deployed by villagers displaced by war, conservation, and veterinary fencing restrictions. Through deploying this place-based identity, communities collectively influenced both the spatial extent of the corridor and institutional governance arrangements. This article contributes to debates on the role of community agency in the implementation of transfrontier conservation areas.     

The Source System of Mesozoic Magmatism in Middle and Lower Yangtze Valleys and Adjacent Areas—A Geochemical Tracer Study

The mechanism that controls regional mineralization must be governed by a series of geochemical reactions in relation to the source system of magmatism.In this respect,the geological bodies must have been overprinted by various kinds of tracers in terms of either chemical elements or isotopes.For this reason,the problem may be better approached by treating the lithosphere as a whole with due considerations given to the various tracer elements and isotopes and the various media of the magmatism(magmatic as well as sedimentary rocks).Presented in this paper are the results of this attempt based on a great wealth of available data concerning the source system of Mesozoic magmatism in the Middle and Lower Yangtze Valleys and adjacent areas.     

甘肃西部及邻区区域地质特征与油气勘探方向

按板块构造观点，甘肃西部及邻区可划为中部华北—塔里木板块、北部兴蒙—天山板块和南部祁连—阿尔金板块３个一级、６个二级和９个三级构造单元。依基底性质可分为前寒武纪结晶基底和古生代褶皱基底两大类６个区。区内中新生界盆地有４种类型：陆内裂谷盆地、碰撞带内裂谷盆地、山前裂谷盆地和碰撞带内压性盆地。石炭—二叠系、侏罗系和白垩系为本区油气勘探主要目的层，随盆地的发育成为不同的有利勘探目标与方向。     

河北省山区持续发展的问题与对策

河北省山区的持续发展关系到全省的根本建设和国土自然环境的稳定，依据持续发展思想，分析了山区在持续发展中存在的突出问题，并提出了相应的对策和措施。     

云南省头塘山地系统侵蚀结构景观分析

对头塘山地系统的侵蚀结构的景观生态学分析，表明Ｈ，Ｅ，Ｂ指数对侵蚀结构的描述是可行和适用的，并对五个集水区的侵蚀结构进行了评价。     

The formation of sinkholes in karst mining areas in China and some methods of prevention

 Mining of coal, lead and zinc, gold, and iron ore deposits in karst areas has been closely associated with sinkholes in China. Surface collapse causes an increase in mine water drainage and the possibility of major water inflow from karst aquifers, which threatens the environment in mining areas and endangers mine safety. The origin of such sinkholes is analyzed quantitatively in this paper and a combination of factors including soil weight, buoyancy, suffosion process and vacuum suction can contribute to surface subsidence. The key measures to prevent sinkholes in mining areas are to control the amount of mine drainage, reduce water-level fluctuation, seal off karst conduits and subsurface cavities in the overlying soil, prevent water inflow, and to increase gas pressure in the karst conduits. Received: 2 May 1996 · Accepted: 29 July 1996     

Mapping radon-prone areas - a geophysical approach

 Radon-prone areas in Israel were mapped on the basis of direct measurements of radon (²²²Rn) in the soil/rock gas of all exposed geological units, supported by the accumulated knowledge of local stratigraphy and sub-surface geology. Measurements were carried out by a modified alpha-track detection system, resulting in high radon levels mainly in rocks of the Senonian-Paleocene-aged Mount Scopus Group, comprised of chert-bearing marly chalks, rich in phosphorite which acts as the major uranium source. Issues of source depth, seasonal variations and comparison with indoor radon levels are addressed as well. This approach could be applied to other similar terrains, especially the Mediterranean Phosphate Belt.