鄱阳湖历史时期水面扩张和人类活动的环境指标判识

湖周人类活动,尤其是土地利用方式的变化,是导致湖泊沉积环境指标变化的重要因素之一。本文通过１９９７－１９９８年间对鄱阳湖西部湖湾洼寺－大汊湖沉积记录中同位素年代,粒度,磁化率和有机碳等环境指标的分析,并对比历史文献记录,探讨了该地环境变化与人类活动的相互关系及环境指标的响应。     

Simulation des changements climatiques au cours du XXIe siècle incluant l'ozone stratosphériqueSimulation of climate changes during the 21st century including stratospheric ozone

Two climate simulations of 150 years, performed with a coupled ocean/sea-ice/atmosphere model including stratospheric ozone, respectively with and without heterogeneous chemistry, simulate the tropospheric warming associated with an increase of the greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide and other trace gases since 1950 and their impact on sea–ice extent, as well as the stratospheric cooling and its impact on ozone concentration. The scenario with heterogeneous chemistry reproduces the formation of the ozone hole over the South Pole from the 1970s and its deepening until the present time, and shows that the ozone hole should progressively fill during the coming decades. To cite this article: J.-F. Royer et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 147–154.     

我国北方城市美化与河道治理环境及工程地质研究

主要阐述了我国北方城市美化与河道治理的理念,分析了有关河道治理工程中存在的环境及工程地质问题,并提出了一些工程处理措施。     

Man and Nature: George Perkins Marsh and Alexander Von Humboldt

George Perkins Marsh's book Man and Nature was the first work of natural history to fundamentally influence American politics. This paper establishes the powerful impact that Alexander von Humboldt's writings had on Marsh. Marsh took ideas that Humboldt introduced across his books and synthesized them into a single powerful argument regarding the dangers of deforestation. These warnings eventually led to policies that sought to more carefully manage forestland, plant trees, and spawn the 20^th century conservation movement.     

系统聚类法在工程地质环境质量评价中的应用

工程地质环境质量评价在城市规划建设中十分重要。本文结合北京规划通州新城场地工程建设适宜性评价,阐述了系统聚类法分析评价的方法,确定了一套评价指标,为今后的工程地质条件定量化评价提供一定的理论基础。     

坝上草地旅游业的效益及对脆弱生态环境的影响—以大滩地区为例

坝上具有发展草地旅游业的景观资源、气候、区位等优势。开发草地旅游可对地方农村经济起到多方面的带动作用，但如布局不当和管理不严，会对当地脆弱的生态环境带来破坏性影响，产生新的环境问题。因而应对坝上草地旅游开发进行统一的科学规划、监测和管理。     

几内亚共和国红土型铝土矿床成矿探讨

在全球广泛分布着中生代(Mz)基性岩浆岩,但由此形成的风化残积红土型铝土矿床主要集中在低纬度带。也就是说,除成矿母岩外,低纬度带的自然气候环境是红土型铝土矿成矿的另一决定性因素。但在低纬度带的成矿母岩分布区域内,是否成矿或矿体的优劣,取决于矿源层的厚薄、地形地貌特征以及水文地质条件等。铝土矿的形成过程,是自成矿母岩风化初始阶段至红土形成阶段,铝铁物质逐渐富集的过程。     

浙江田村沸石矿宕口综合治理介绍

废弃矿山治理是目前政府十分关注的问题。介绍了田村沸石矿宕口环境治理和生态恢复工程,通过喷播复绿方案及实施,消除了边坡发生地质灾害的可能性,使景区的环境得到了一定的恢复,对其他地方的宕口整治有借鉴作用。     

广西航运枢纽工程建设中的极软岩研究

广西郁江桂平至上游百色规划有10个千吨级航运枢纽梯级,其中老口、鱼梁、那吉处在南宁、百色第三纪盆地。盆地内泥质岩石属软~极软泥岩,它具有低强度、对环境敏感、弱改造等特性,反映在工程设计中地基承载力不足、地基应力及变形超标,抗剪强度低、抗滑稳定问题突出等方面;在工程施工中体现在岩体工程稳定性差,施工保护要求高等。根据那吉等工程勘探试验研究成果,提出针对软岩工程地质问题评价及基础验收、建基面保护、地基处理等应注意的问题和采取的对策。     

Nanotechnology,global development in the frame of environmental risk forecasting. A necessity of interdisciplinary researches

Interdisciplinarity is of first importance to evaluate the risks associated with nanotechnology. The reasons are that nanomaterials are very new materials that combine nano-sizes and new reactivities. The complexity comes from the very low concentrations of nanomaterials in the environmental medium, the transformations of the nanomaterials due to the reactivity of the surface, the transfer in the environmental media, particularly in the presence of liquid water (soils, sediments, surface water), which implies an association with natural colloids (organic or minerals) and blockage in some compartments. These properties govern the hazard that strongly depends on exposure and speciation.