Impact of the exceptionally high flood from the Changjiang River on the aquatic chemical distributions on the Huanghai Sea and East China Sea shelves in the summer of 1998

1Introduction TheChangjiang(Yangtze)Riverdrainageba sinliesbetween25°and35°N,andbetween91°and122°E,withatotalareaof1.81×106km2anda populationof4×108.Itpassesthroughadensely populatedareawithwell developedindustryandag riculture,includingShanghai,the     

Geometries and mechanism of folds in sediments on the southern Huanghai Sea shelf

1Intraduction Foldsinconsolidatedstrataareoftendocumen ted.Butfoldsinloosely consolidatedsedimentsare rarelydiscussed,probablybecauseofthefollowings:(1)folddeformationsinloosely consolidatedsedi mentsareweakortheyhavebeendestroyed;(2)tectonicactivityhasbe…     

东海、黄海浮游植物生物量的粒级结构及时空分布

浮游植物是海洋初级生产力的主要贡献者,初级生产过程是碳的生物地球化学循环的基础,它启动了海洋生态系统的能量流和物质流,支持着大量的渔业生产量.不仅如此,通过复杂的反馈机制,这一过程还对全球气候变化系统产生深远影响.沿岸海域只占全球海洋面积的8%,但却提供了26%的全球生物生产量和2/3到3/4的世界渔业产量.因此,许多重大的国际研究计划,如海岸带陆海相互作用(LOICZ)、全球海洋生态系统动力学研究(GLO-BEC)等,都将近海浮游植物研究作为非常重要的课题.     

东海、黄海近代沉积物中生物硅含量的分布及其反演潜力

以东海、黄海2006年4月、10月航次采集的沉积物样品为研究对象,结合沉积物中生物硅(BSi)含量的空间分布特征进而讨论BSi的反演潜力。研究发现,调查海域表层沉积物中BSi的含量介于0.018%~2.516%,平均值为0.726%,柱状沉积物中BSi的含量波动较小,相对稳定。整体而言BSi含量与相应年代的浮游植物现存量变化的趋势相近。经一元线性分析发现BSi含量与硅藻生物量的相关性显著。为进一步证实由BSi含量反演古生产力的有效性和可信度,采用Tun-nicliffe等的方法探讨了BSi含量在沉积物中的稳定性,调查结果表明,近150 a来BSi几乎没有降解,能够稳定地保存于沉积物中。综上可以初步判断沉积物中BSi含量可作为古生产力指标来反演古生产力的潜力。     

南黄海夏季微微型浮游植物丰度的分布

2008年8月中韩合作对南黄海生态系统进行了整体调查,调查站位共计37个。利用流式细胞仪测定了南黄海微微型浮游植物丰度,结合理化环境因子,分析了它们在夏季南黄海的分布特征。所测微微型真核浮游植物丰度平均值为1.9×103个/mL,最大值为2.4×104个/mL;聚球藻丰度平均值为5.3×104个/mL,最大值为5.1×105个/mL;从河口近岸到南黄海中部的宽阔海域,随着环境因子的变化,微微型浮游植物在各海区的分布明显不同,表现为河口近岸区域丰度大,离岸丰度小的特点;各站位丰度垂直分布主要趋势是上大下小,在跃层突出。根据分布趋势,聚球藻可分为两种垂直分布类型,微微型真核浮游植物分为三种。这些分布差异源于长江冲淡水和黄海冷水团的影响。     

The characteristics of sea fog with different airflow over the Huanghai Sea in boreal spring

Using the observations from ICOADS datasets and contemporaneous NCEP/NCAR reanalysis datasets during 1960-2002, the study classifies the airflows in favor of sea fog over the Huanghai (Yellow) Sea in boreal spring (April-May) with the method of trajectory analysis, and analyzes the changes of proportions of warm and cold sea fogs along different paths of airflow. According to the heat balance equation, we investigate the relationships between the marine meteorological conditions and the proportion of warm and cold sea fog along different airflow paths. The major results are summarized as follows. (1) Sea fogs over the Huanghai Sea in spring are not only warm fog but also cold fog. The proportion of warm fog only accounts for 44% in April, while increases as high as 57% in May. (2) Four primary airflow paths leading to spring sea fog are identified. They are originated from the northwest, east, southeast and southwest of the Huanghai Sea, respectively. The occurrence ratios of the warm sea fog along the east and southeast airflow paths are high of 55% and 70%, while these along the southwest and northwest airflow paths are merely 17.9% and 50%. (3) The key physical processes governing the warm/cold sea fog are heat advection transport, longwave radiation cooling at fog top, solar shortwave warming and latent heat flux between airsea interfaces. (4) The characteristics of sea fog along the four airflow paths relate closely to the conditions of water vapor advection, and the vertical distribution of relative humidity.     

江苏省黄海海域生物质量调查及污染评价

调查了自山东日照至长江口范围内江苏黄海海域18个站位的野生鱼类和甲壳类经济动物体内的污染物水平,监测项目包括:重金属Cu,Pb,Cr,Cd,Hg,总As和石油烃,并对调查结果进行了污染负荷评价。从地域分布来看长江口和吕四港的整体污染水平较高,污染负荷指数为0.35;海州湾和东沙污染水平相当,污染负荷指数为0.25;东沙Cd污染较突出。从生物种类来看鱼类和甲壳类的总As含量较高;大部分生物均发现中度石油烃污染;甲壳类生物体内Cd含量濒临超标限;其余各类生物重金属含量均远低于标准值。     

A NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE WINTERTIME CIRCULATION IN THE BOHAI AND HUANGHAI SEAS

The paper presents a numerical two-dimensional model (with a realistic sea basin and wind fields as exter nal forcing) to simulate the basic features of the wintertime circulation in the Bohai and Huanghai (Yellow) Seas (BHS) and to show how the circulation can be driven by wind. The main results can be summarized as follows (1) The basic features of the BHS wintertime circulation can be depicted by the wind-driven barotropi'c motion. (2) The traditionally named Huanghai Sea Warm Current (HSWC) is actually generated by the north wind field, at least in winter. (3) The southward coastal current off the Korean west coast plays a more significant role in the southern Huanghai Sea wintertime circulation than traditionally believed. (4) Though the coastal landform and bottom topography play important roles in the wintertime BHS circulation pattern, the wind is a primary forcing.     

Relationships Between Tidal Prism and Throat Area of Tidal Inlets Along Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea Coasts

The relationship between P (spring tidal prism) and A (throat area below mean sea level) is statistically analysed in terms of 29 tidal inlets or bays along the Huanghai Sea (Yellow Sea) and Bohai Sea coasts. For 15 of these tidal inlets, the best regression equation is A(km2) = 0.845 />(km3)1.20. The analysis shows that C and n are little different from those in the P-A relationship for the inlets of the South China Sea and East China Sea coasts. It is noted that the relationship between P and A is unstable because of the difference in sediment abundance. The study shows that a united P-A relationship can be obtained for the tidal inlets of lagoon type and bay-drowned-valley type, not containing some half-circle shape bays which confront deep water. These half-circle bays do not belong to tidal inlets because they do not have enough sediment abundance and are fairly open.     

Characteristics of nitrogen forms in the southern Huanghai Sea surface sediments

The distributions of different forms of nitrogen in the surface sediments of the southern Huanghai Sea are different and affected by various factors. The contents of IEF-N, SOEF-N and TN gradually decrease eastward, and those of SAEF-N northward, while those of WAEF-N westward. Around the seaport of the old Huanghe (Yellow) River, the contents of both SOEF-N and TN are the highest. Among all the factors, the content of fine sediment is the predominant factor to affect the distributions of different forms of nitrogen. The contents of IEF-N, SOEF-N, and TN have visibly positive correlation with the content of f‘me sediments, and the correlative coefficient is 0.68, 0.58 and 0.71 respectively, showing that the contents of the three forms of nitrogen increase with those of f-me sediments. The content of WAEF-N is related to that of fine sediments to a certain extent, with a correlative coefficient of 0.35; while the content of SAEF-N is not related to that of fine sediments, showing that the content of SAEF-N is not controlled by fine grain-size fractions of sediments. In addition, the distributions of different forms of nitrogen are also interacted one another, and the contents of IEF-N and SOEF-N are obviously affected by TN, while those of inorganic nitrogen (WAEF-N, SAEF-N and IEF-N) are not affected by SOEF-N and TN obviously, although they are interacted each other.