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121.
Bill Bonnichsen William P. Leeman Norio Honjo William C. McIntosh Martha M. Godchaux 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2008,70(3):315-342
New 40Ar-39Ar geochronology, bulk rock geochemical data, and physical characteristics for representative stratigraphic sections of rhyolite
ignimbrites and lavas from the west-central Snake River Plain (SRP) are combined to develop a coherent stratigraphic framework
for Miocene silicic magmatism in this part of the Yellowstone ‘hotspot track’. The magmatic record differs from that in areas
to the west and east with regard to its unusually large extrusive volume, broad lateral scale, and extended duration. We infer
that the magmatic systems developed in response to large-scale and repeated injections of basaltic magma into the crust, resulting
in significant reconstitution of large volumes of the crust, wide distribution of crustal melt zones, and complex feeder systems
for individual eruptive events. Some eruptive episodes or ‘events’ appear to be contemporaneous with major normal faulting,
and perhaps catastrophic crustal foundering, that may have triggered concurrent evacuations of separate silicic magma reservoirs.
This behavior and cumulative time-composition relations are difficult to relate to simple caldera-style single-source feeder
systems and imply complex temporal-spatial development of the silicic magma systems. Inferred volumes and timing of mafic
magma inputs, as the driving energy source, require a significant component of lithospheric extension on NNW-trending Basin
and Range style faults (i.e., roughly parallel to the SW–NE orientation of the eastern SRP). This is needed to accommodate
basaltic inputs at crustal levels, and is likely to play a role in generation of those magmas. Anomalously high magma production
in the SRP compared to that in adjacent areas (e.g., northern Basin and Range Province) may require additional sub-lithospheric
processes.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: ) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
This paper constitutes part of a special issue dedicated to Bill Bonnichsen on the petrogenesis and volcanology of anorogenic
rhyolites. 相似文献
122.
Agricultural Climate Change and Wetland Agriculture Study under the Climate Change in the Sanjiang Plain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
With linear curvefitting, Mann-kendall method and Yamamoto method, ≥10 ℃accumulated temperature and precipitation from May to September of 6 meteorological stations (Baoqing, fujin, Jiamusi, Hegang, Jixi and Hulin) from 1978 to 2007 were used to explore 30-year agricultural climate change and trend in the Sanjiang Plain. The results showed that ≥10 ℃ accumulated temperature of the 6 stations have risen by 141.0 ℃ to 287.4 ℃ when estimated by their significant linear trends (n=30, α=0.05) over the last 30 years (1978 to 2007). The rates of warming for the last 30 years range from 4.70 ℃per year to 9.58 ℃ per year. There are not significant linear trends on precipitation from May to September of the 6 stations over the last 30 years. The period of 1978 to 1998 in which ≥10 ℃ accumulated temperature is lower is consistent with that in which there is more precipitation from May to September, and warming and drying period has occurred in the Sanjiang Plain since 1999. Under the background of warming and drying agricultural climate, high yield cultivation of Phragmites australis and establishment of Phragmites australis-fish (crab) symbiosis ecosystem in natural mire are the ways for reasonable use of natural wetland. The area of paddy fields has been increasing from 7.25×104 ha in 1978 to 121.2×104 ha in 2006. It is proposed that paddy field range should not be expanded blindly toward the north in the Sanjiang Plain, and chilling injury forecast and prevention should be pay attention to. In the area that the chilling injury happens frequently, the rotation between rice and other crops should be implemented. Measures, which combine drainage, store and irrigation, should be taken instead of single drainage on comprehensive control of regional low and wet croplands to ensure controlling drought and flood. 相似文献
123.
三江平原浓江河湿地生态廊道区及其周边春季鸟类多样性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
浓江河湿地生态廊道是连接三江平原洪河国家级自然保护区湿地和三江国家级自然保护区湿地的生态廊道.2008年春季,对浓浓江河湿地江湿地生态廊道鸟类资源开展了调查研究.在研究区5种鸟类栖息生境共设立11个调查点,共记录有鸟类14目26科68种,3 220只.浓江河湿地生态廊道鸟类多样性指数(H')较高,生境主要以沼泽湿地为主,不同栖息生境中鸟类多样性指数表现为H'沼泽(1.260 1)>H'水域(1.248 8)>H'居民区(0.903 1)>H'农田(0.872 8)>H'林地(0.871 6);均匀性指数(E)表现为E水域(0.182 3)>E农田(0.164 6)>E林地(0.142 9)>E沼泽(0.110 5)>E居民区(0).维持浓江河湿地生态廊道沼泽和水域的面积对于保护该廊道的功能具有重要意义. 相似文献
124.
WANG Shiqin SONG Xianfang WANG Qinxue XIAO Guoqiang LIU Changming LIU Jianrong 《地理学报》2009,19(2):175-188
The groundwater level of 39 observation wells including 35 unconfined wells and 4 confined wells from 2004 to 2006 in North China Plain (NCP) was monitored using automatic groundwater monitoring data loggers KADEC-MIZU II of Japan. The automatic groundwater sensors were installed for the corporation project between China and Japan. Combined with the monitoring results from 2004 to 2006 with the major factors affecting the dynamic patterns of groundwater, such as topography and landform, depth of groundwater level, exploitation or discharge extent, rivers and lakes, the dynamic regions of NCP groundwater were gotten. According to the dynamic features of groundwater in NCP, six dynamic patterns of groundwater level were identified, including discharge pattern in the piedmont plain, lateral recharge– runoff–discharge pattern in the piedmont plain, recharge–discharge pattern in the central channel zone, precipitation infiltration–evaporation pattern in the shallow groundwater region of the central plain, lateral recharge–evaporation pattern in the recharge-affected area along the Yellow River and infiltration–discharge–evaporation pattern in the littoral plain. Based on this, the groundwater fluctuation features of various dynamic patterns were interpreted and the influencing factors of different dynamic patterns were compared. 相似文献
125.
松嫩平原地下水脆弱性模糊综合评价 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
运用基于DRASTIC的模糊综合评价方法,对松嫩平原潜水的脆弱性进行了评价。分析了松嫩平原地下水环境脆弱性的主要影响因素,建立准确、适宜和完整的评价指标体系,确定最主要的7个水文地质参数。将研究区划分为75个评价单元,构建各单元归属于各个级别的最优相对隶属度矩阵,得出松嫩平原脆弱区和较脆弱区主要分布在王府-伏龙泉高台地、各条主要河流两岸及其较大支流河漫滩、低阶地以及中部的低平原地区;高平原地区和五大连池的玄武岩地区为难污染区和略难污染区的结论。 相似文献
126.
Two sets of active faults,northwest-and northeast-trending faults,are developed in the Chao-shan Plain of East Guangdong.After detailed interpretation of aerophotos,we have found outthat there is the clear phenomenon of sinistral dislocation of drainage system on the Huang-gang-shui fault and part of Fengshun-Shantou fault.Field investigation confirmed that the geo-morphic bodies along the two faults have undergone displacement.Large-scale topographicmapping was made at three displaced sites and samples for age dating were collected from thegeomorphic booies.Calculation indicates that the average rate of sinistral strike-slip movementin the Holocene time amounts to 1.11±0.09~2.69±0.24mm/a along the Huanggangshuifault and 3.26±0.26mm/a along the Fengshun-Shantou fault.These two more active NW-trending faults extend into sea area,where they intersect the NE-trending strongly active Nius-han Island-Xiongdi Isle-Nanpeng Isles fault at a depth of 40~50m in water.The intersection isa location favorable fo 相似文献
127.
128.
129.
The features of physical geography in the transitional region between Qinling Mountains and Huanghuai Plain possess transitional characters evidently in two directions: one is from the western mountain to the eastern plain and the other is from southern subtropical zone to northern temperate zone. Torrential rain, especially strong torrential rain is frequent in the transitional region, and there are many torrential rain centers. A majority of torrential rain is distributed among 100-200 m asl. The winter temperature at 100-400 m asl is higher than that in Huanghuai Plain whose altitude is lower than that of the transitional region, and the highest temperature in January appears at 350-400 m asl.The thickness of warm slope belt in the transitional region varies from 100 m to 250 m asl. The formation of torrential rain and warm slope belt is the result of joint action of atmospheric circulation and local terrain. Frequent torrential rains and warm slope belt had tremendous influences on the soil properties, plant distribution and local climate in the transitional region. 相似文献
130.