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41.
为了寻找一种快速、高效的地球物理找矿手段,在我国西部高山地区——青海省五龙沟开展了大比例尺航电示范测量,采用高精度测量和随地形缓起伏飞行的方式获得了区内高质量的航电数据,通过数据处理,结合物性资料分析了示范区的电磁场特征,进行了异常筛选及异常解释工作,结合快速钻探查证实现了示范区找矿工作的\"当年飞行、当年查证、当年见矿\"的找矿工作新模式的快速突破.从完成的航电调查工作与找矿效果来看,在高山地区开展航电测量具有速度快、精度高、费用低和找矿效果显著等特点,具有广泛的应用前景和推广价值. 相似文献
42.
中亚地处干旱气候区,农业生产高度依赖灌溉,然而灌溉对当地气候影响的认识还较为薄弱。为此,针对多雨(2009年)、少雨(2008年)及正常(2007年)年景下中亚典型农业区—费尔干纳盆地暖季(5—9月)的气候,利用嵌入灌溉过程参数化方案并更新土壤参数的WRF模式,分别进行了考虑灌溉过程(称为IRRG试验)与不考虑灌溉过程(称为NATU试验)的模拟试验,并通过对比IRRG与NATU试验之差揭示了灌溉对区域气候的影响。研究发现:(1)灌溉致使暖季地面潜热增加(79.2 W/m2)、感热减少(−61.3 W/m2),日均气温降低1.7℃,空气比湿升高2 g/kg(约为NATU的36%),因5—6月为雨季,7—8月为旱季,故7—8月的灌溉量大,冷湿效应略强于5—6月;(2)冷湿效应主要出现在灌溉区域,降温达2℃,增湿达2.4 g/kg,灌区外甚微,同时从地面到高层大气,冷湿效应越来越弱,在约500 hPa(距地面约4000 m)以上冷湿效应消失;(3)在盆地中央平原地区,因灌溉而致空气湿度上升产生的潜在增雨效应与地面冷却产生的对流抑制作用相互抵消,灌溉与无灌溉情景下当地降水无显著差异;灌溉可导致盆地南、北两侧山区降水增加(约0.6 mm/d);(4)不同年景之间灌溉量差异主要出现在5—6月,少雨年比多雨年灌溉量多20 mm/月,日均气温降幅偏大0.3℃,空气比湿增幅偏大0.5 g/kg,但山区降水增幅偏小0.6 mm/d。 相似文献
43.
气象条件的剧烈变化可增加脑卒中危险人群的患病几率。本研究收集天津市2016—2020年脑卒中日住院数据以及气象数据,采用脑卒中日住院人数累积概率分布进行住院风险等级划分,通过相关分析确定高影响气象因子,并利用分布滞后非线性模型与半参数广义相加模型开展高影响气象因子不同时间尺度变化、滞后以及累积效应对脑卒中住院风险的影响研究。结果表明:天津市脑卒中年住院人数约为22.5万,最高月住院人数可达2.1万,日均住院人数为623。男、女住院人数比为8:5,50岁以上人群为易患脑卒中疾病的高危人群。深秋(10—11月)、初冬(12月)和春季(3—5月)为天津市脑卒中住院高风险期。6℃以上的月变温和24 h负变温相叠加可加大脑卒中住院风险,且月变温为负变温时,脑卒中住院风险最高。30℃以上高温和−5℃以下低温均可引起脑卒中住院高风险,低温带来的脑卒中住院风险高于高温,低温效应在滞后2—3 d达到最强。24 h负变温的住院风险高于正变温,且变温幅度越大住院风险越高,7℃以上24 h负变温在滞后3—5 d的住院风险最高。天津市脑卒中高住院风险的气象原因主要是月尺度和日尺度温度剧烈变化的叠加,其次为极端温度及其24 h剧烈变化的影响。 相似文献
44.
DAI Xiao-ai LIU Chao LI Nai-wen WANG Mei-lian YANG Yu-wei YANG Xing-ping ZHANG Shi-qi HE Xu-wei YANG Zheng-li LU Heng LI Jing-zhong WANG Ze-kun 《山地科学学报》2021,276(6):1630-1645
As one of the key parameters for characterizing crop canopy structure, Leaf Area Index (LAI) has great significance in monitoring the crop growth and estimating the yield. However, due to the nonlinearity and spatial heterogeneity of LAI inversion model, there exists scale error in LAI inversion result, which limits the application of LAI product from different remote sensing data. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct studies on scale effect. This study was based on the Heihe Oasis, Zhangye city, Gansu province, China and the following works were carried out: Airborne hyperspectral CASI (Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager) image and LAI statistic models were adopted in muti-scale LAI inversion. The overall difference of muti-scale LAI inversion was analyzed in an all-round way. This was based on two aspects, 相似文献
45.
The buckling failure of stratified rock slopes intersected by a set of steep discontinuities that are approximately parallel to the slope surface is frequently encountered while constructing railways and roadways in mountainous areas. In this study, an analytical approach based on the energy equilibrium principle is presented to solve the flexural buckling stability of stratified rock slopes within the framework of multilayer beam theory. The generalized HoekBrown failure criterion is introduced to reflect the influences of slope size(scale effects) on the buckling stability. Subsequently, numerical and physical modellings from previous literatures are employed to validate the proposed approach. Furthermore, a practical case of Bawang Mountain landslide is also used for the comparative analysis. The study shows that the present analytical approach is capable to provide a more reasonable assessment for the buckling failure of stratified rock slopes, compared with several existing analytical approaches. Finally, a detailed parametric study is implemented, and the results indicate that the effects of rock strength, rock deformation modulus, geological strength index, layer thickness and disturbance degree of rock mass on the buckling failure of stratified rock slopes are more significant than that of rock type and slope angle. 相似文献
46.
As an important component of China' transportation systems, for a long time, the insufficient performance of transport in Qinghai- Tibet Plateau (QTP) was a bottleneck restricting the economic growth and social development in this area. Nevertheless, the implementation of the western development strategy has accelerated the preliminary construction of comprehensive transport network since 2000. Due to the large area and significant geographical heterogeneity, there is a growing need to understand the relationship between transportation and economic development based on the perspective of spatial difference. By using GIS-based raster analysis and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model, we investigated the spatial-temporal distribution of highway, railway and airport accessibility, respectively, and estimated the correlation and heterogeneity between transport accessibility and the level of economic development. Results revealed that: (1) Transport accessibility in the QTP improved by 53.38% in the past 15 years, which is specifically embodied in the improvement of both highway and railway. (2) Accessibility presented prominent differentiation in the space, increasing from west to east and reducing with the rise of elevation, specifically, the best accessibility area of the highway is below 4000m above sea level, while the area with an altitude of over 4000 m has the lowest aviation time cost. (3) In general, the long weighted average time cost to critical transport facilities posed significantly negative effect on county economic growth in QTP, more positively, the adverse effect gradually weakened over time. (4) Obvious heterogeneity exists at the influence of different transport accessibility factors on the level of economic development, reflecting both in the horizontal space and altitudinal belt. Therefore, region-specific policies should be addressed for the sustainable development of transport facilities as well as economy in the west mountain areas. 相似文献
47.
This study aims to investigate the correlation between the permeation effect and microfabric of the slip zone soils with Huangtupo landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir as the study case. Based on the permeability test and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images analysis, the fractal theory and probability entropy are used to quantify the characteristics of the remodeling specimens. First, the relationships between initial moisture content (IMC) and microstructure of the soil (percentage of particle area (PPA), pore roundness (Rp)) before and after permeability test are summarized. Then, the fractal dimension of the soil (pore distribution (Dpd), pore size (Dps)) are analyzed under the permeation effect. Based on the probability entropy, the entropy of pore (Ep) is used to characterize the porosity orientation, and the rose diagrams are used to show the particle orientation under the permeation effect. Finally, the relationship between the microstructure of the soil and its mechanical property is discussed. Results show that under the permeation effect, the microstructure of the soil has undergone tremendous changes. A flat long pore channel is formed. The order of the pore arrangement is enhanced, and soil particles switch the long axis to parallel infiltration direction to reach a new steady state. It can be inferred that the strength of soil would be weakened if the fractal dimension of soil pore decreases under any external environment. 相似文献
48.
董发勤 李刚 代群威 周琳 王富东 赵学钦 蒋忠诚 张强 李博文 Enrico Capezzuoli Mike O''Driscoll Andelka Plenkovic-Moraj 《中国岩溶》2021,40(1):11-18
钙华不仅具有重要的景观旅游价值,而且对确定区内碳酸盐沉积特征、环境演化规律及同期环境生物的作用与贡献有重要的研究意义.本文在对比国内外典型钙华特征的基础上,以黄龙和九寨沟为例,对雪宝顶区块流域内钙华的沉积特征、环境化学与生物作用进行阐述,指出了雪宝顶区块流域冷水型钙华的形成与演化是化学沉积-溶解作用、生物沉积与溶蚀作用等共同作用的结果,并受非生物、生物因素影响.在雪宝顶冷水型钙华的形成过程中,微生物协同参与了钙华的沉积与溶蚀过程,通过自身新陈代谢促活动促使使钙离子结晶,并诱导晶型变化;其他生物体如植物、藻类等或以间接的方式促进或加快了钙华形成,或为钙华生长提供模板和体量. 相似文献
49.
全风化花岗岩地层稳定性差、遇水易发生崩解,工程上使用常规材料防渗加固注浆时效果较差。针对这一情况,依托湖南省郴州市莽山水库防渗加固灌浆项目,通过自主设计的全风化花岗岩地层注浆室内模拟试验装置,进行模拟注浆试验,实现了浆液在整个注浆过程中的扩散情况模拟,对不同注浆压力、不同位置点所取试样开展单轴抗压、抗剪强度及渗透率测试试验,对不同注浆压力下完整结石体取样观察,研究以全风化花岗岩颗粒为配方主体材料的高固相离析浆液在全风化花岗岩地层的防渗加固效果及浆液扩散模式。结果表明:该浆液在全风化花岗岩地层扩散过程中经历了渗透扩散、挤密压缩、劈裂扩展三个阶段,是一种复合注浆形式;以全风化花岗岩颗粒为主体的高固相离析浆液在全风化花岗岩地层注浆中效果显著,随着注浆压力提升,单轴抗压强度显著提升为原土体的3.25~13.67倍,抗剪强度在不同法向压力情况下提升为原土体的1.63~2.69倍,渗透系数从10−4 cm/s下降至10−5 cm/s甚至10−6 cm/s。 相似文献
50.
钙华是在泉水、河水、湖水、洞穴周围沉积的非海相碳酸钙沉积物.钙华是陆地水循环过程中物质迁移的一种表现形式,研究钙华的形成有助于了解局部水文循环中的物质迁移规律并间接了解古气候与古水文地质条件.部分温泉的泉口附近沉积有形态多样的钙华.本文综述温泉钙华的形成过程、钙华沉积的主要影响因素和它们之间的相互影响关系.水化学条件是钙华沉积的物质基础和必要条件,水动力条件是钙华沉积的充分条件,生物效应对钙华沉积起到加强的作用,沉积环境通过影响水化学条件或水动力条件间接控制钙华的沉积. 相似文献