河北省未来耕地养育力研究

文章利用联合国粮农组织的农业生态区域法等方法，测算了河北省未来时期作物潜力总产，预测了人口数量，计算了温饱型，宽裕型，小康型营养水平下2005年和2020年的耕地人口养育量，用耕地养育力指数揭示了人口养育潜力，并在此基础上分析了各市的区域差异，提出了提高耕地养育力，实现耕地可持续利用的对策。     

地图数据库研究

本文在分析地图数据特征的基础上,针对如何提高地图空间查询效率这一难题,从多种地图索引方法中选择了Ｒ＋＿树索引方法,实现了Ｒ＋＿树索引的算法,最后给出了一个包括地图数据存储和索引、查询功能的地图数据库实例。     

农业资源高效利用评价指标体系初步研究

本文从农业自然再生产和经济再生产统一体和整体性的角度出发 ,在阐述构建农业资源高效利用评价指标体系宜遵循的基本原则的基础上 ,通过对农业资源的农业生产行为特征及高效利用途径进行系统分析 ,筛选、构建和设计出了农业资源高效利用评价指标体系 ,并对其中的重要指标进行了讨论。     

岩体与锚固体间粘结强度的确定

在预应力锚索设计参数的确定中，岩体与锚固体间粘结强度的确定是其十分重要的环节。现有的确定方法大多基于经验与现场试验的结合，费时费工，故有必要根据已有的试验资料确定一种定量方法。通过对国内30余例工程的统计分析表明，岩体与锚固体的粘强度不仅与岩石单轴抗压强度有关，还与内锚固段裂隙的分布与性质有关。通过室内外试验进一步建立了适合国内岩体质量指标确定的粘结强度经验公式与内锚段长度设计系数的图系，同时，也可为岩锚加固数值仿真提供经验判据。实例计算表明，所提供的确定方法与岩锚试验结果较为吻合。     

澜沧江某电站右坝肩复杂岩体质量分类

笔者通过对澜沧某电站右岸坝肩复杂岩体的成因进行分析，采用岩体质量指数Z并结合水利水电工程围岩分级和RMR分级等岩体分类方法对电站右岸坝肩的复杂岩体进行了综合分类。     

Derivation Of Refractive Index And Temperature Gradients From Optical Scintillometry To Correct Atmospherically Induced Errors For Highly Precise Geodetic Measurements

Refraction effects of optical beams are generally caused by an inhomogeneous propagation medium and are a major source of systematic errors in the precise optical determination of angles and distances in the atmospheric surface layer. In this contribution a method for deriving vertical temperature and refractive index gradients from optical scintillation is presented. Knowledge of these gradients is required for the compensation of atmospherically induced errors for highly precise terrestrial geodetic measurements, like direct transfer and levelling. The advantage of the present optical method is, that temperature and refractive index gradients can be derived as line-averaged values over the propagation path, which is not possible by meteorological point measurements. Field observations have been carried out with a displaced-beam scintillometer over flat terrain and under different atmospheric conditions in order to verify this method. The experiments show, that this method allows to derive accurate correction values for precise terrestrial geodetic measurements.     

Inelastic buildings with tuned mass dampers under moderate ground motions from distant earthquakes

The effectiveness of tuned mass dampers (TMD) in vibration control of buildings was investigated under moderate ground shaking caused by long‐distance earthquakes with frequency contents resembling the 1985 Mexico City (SCT) or the 1995 Bangkok ground motion. The elastic–perfectly plastic material behaviour was assumed for the main structure, with linear TMDs employed by virtue of their simplicity and robustness. The accumulated hysteretic energy dissipation affected by TMD was examined, and the ratio of the hysteretic energy absorption in the structure with TMD to that without it is proposed to be used, in conjunction with the peak displacement ratio, as a supplementary TMD performance index since it gives an indication of the accumulated damage induced in the inelastic structures. For the ground motions considered, TMD would be effective in reducing the hysteretic energy absorption demand in the critical storeys for buildings in the 1.8–2.8 s range. The consequence is reduction in damage of the buildings which would otherwise suffer heavy damage in the absence of TMD, resulting in economical restorability in the damage control limit state. This is of practical significance in view of the current trend toward performance‐based design. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Two-dimensional geostatistical modeling and prediction of the fracture system in the Albala Granitic Pluton, SW Iberian Massif, Spain

We use a fracture index distribution method of geostatistical modelling and prediction to characterize quantitatively the fracture system in two-dimensions (2D) in the Mina Ratones area, located in the Albalá Granitic Pluton (SW Iberian Massif). The fracture index (FI) is a quantitative estimate of the fracture density in discrete domains. To validate the results of geostatistical modeling a detailed structural map of the area was also made on a scale of 1:1000. The resulting grids, expressed as pixel-maps, describe the continuous value of the FI in 2D for the whole Mina Ratones area. Based on the modelled distribution of the FI and their correlation with mapped faults, we distinguish two structural domains in the studied area: elongated bands of fracture zones with high FI values and romboidal blocks located between them with low FI values. The separation between both domains is gradual. Though a threshold value of the FI that separate both structural domains is not clearly defined, the fracture zones generally present FI>1 and the individualized blocks FI<0.50. As a consequence, the obtained grid of the FI permits the quantitative structural classification of the granitic massif in 2D and understanding fault zone architecture in the Mina Ratones area.     

莱州湾地区500年来旱涝灾害指数系列的建立

作者根据《山东省历代自然灾害志》的记载，应用Foxpro提供的软件，建立了莱州湾地区500年来旱涝灾害的汉字库，并通过一系列转换，将其转为数字库；将旱涝灾情的文字记我转换为区域旱涝指数，并与现代降水资料相对接，建立了1470－1990年共521年的历年逐季旱涝灾害指数序列，为分析该地区旱涝灾害发生规律和预测提供了依据。     

改进的钢筋混凝土结构双参数地震破坏模型

本文在分析现有结构地震破坏模型的基础下，提出了一种改进掇参数地震破坏模型。文中采用三线退化型恢复力模型对实际钢筋混凝土结构在实际地震作用下的变形与累积耗能，极限变形与极限滞回耗能进行了分析，通过模型计算的破损结果与实际在结果的对比，研究了模型参数，从而建立了钢筋混凝土结构的双参数地震破坏模型。