Architectural Model of a Dryland Gravel Braided River, based on 3D UAV Oblique Photogrammetric Data: A Case Study of West Dalongkou River in Eastern Xinjiang, China

Three-dimensional unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) oblique photogrammetric data were used to infer mountainous gravel braided river lithofacies, lithofacies associations and architectural elements. Hierarchical architecture and lithofacies associations with detailed lithofacies characterizations were comprehensively described to document the architectural model, architectural element scale and gravel particle scale.(1) Nine lithofacies(i.e., Gmm, Gcm, Gcc, Gci, Gcl, Ss, Sm, Fsm and Fl) were identifi...     

歧口凹陷层序构成样式的时空差异性研究

歧口凹陷为中国东部渤海湾盆地内重要的内陆断陷含油气凹陷,具有多幕构造演化、多类构造样式、多个物源体系、沉积体系演化时空变化剧烈等特点,导致层序构成样式在时空上具有显著的差异性。结合歧口凹陷构造古地貌背景和物源供给体系时空演化差异性的研究,在研究区古近系总结出四种典型的层序构成样式:断控陡坡带型层序样式、多级断阶带型层序样式、轴向断坡带型层序样式、挠曲坡折带型层序样式。层序构成样式的时空差异主要受控于宏观构造的幕式演化和局部同沉积断裂不同组合样式所形成的特定的古地貌差异,而物源供给体系的强弱程度以及供给方向变化也是控制层序构成样式的重要因素。不同类型的层序构成样式控制了沉积体系、砂分散体系的时空分布特征,进而影响了砂体的分散和堆积样式。因此,层序构成样式的时空差异性分析对于研究区有利隐蔽圈闭的预测具有重要指导意义。     

Evolution of an ancient coastal plain: palaeosols, interfluves and alluvial architecture in a sequence stratigraphic framework, Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation, NE British Columbia, Canada

To date, discussion of changes in alluvial style and in the character of palaeosols in relation to changes in accommodation and sediment supply on floodplains has primarily been from a conceptual standpoint: few case studies are available against which to test ideas. One hundred and thirty metres of non-marine strata of the Dunvegan Formation were examined in 14 closely spaced sections in the canyon of the Kiskatinaw River, NE British Columbia, Canada. This site was located about 120 km inland from the transgressive limit of the contemporary marine shoreline and represents almost exclusively freshwater environments. Fluvial channels in the Kiskatinaw River section are of two types. Small, single-storey, very fine- to fine-grained sandstone ribbons with W/T ratios <30, encased in fine-grained floodplain sediments are interpreted as anastomosed channels. Fine- to medium-grained, laterally accreted point-bar deposits forming multistorey sand bodies with individual W/T ratios >30 are interpreted as the deposits of meandering rivers filling incised valleys. Interchannel facies include the deposits of crevasse channels and splays, lakes, floodplains and palaeosols. Floodplain palaeosols consist of laterally heterogeneous, simple palaeosol profiles and pedocomplexes similar to modern Entisols, Inceptisols and hydromorphic soils. Interfluve, sequence-bounding palaeosols adjacent to incised valleys are laterally continuous, up to 3 m thick and can be reliably identified using a combination of (1) stratigraphic position; (2) field observations, such as thickness, structure, colour, degree of rooting; and (3) micromorphological features, such as evidence of bioturbation, clay coatings, ferruginous features and sphaerosiderite. Interfluve palaeosols are similar to modern Alfisols and Ultisols. Correlation of the local stratigraphic succession with the regional sequence stratigraphic framework, based on 2340 well logs and 60 outcrop sections, shows that the vertical changes in coastal plain character (more coals and lakes vs. more pedogenesis) can be related to relatively high-frequency base level cycles (eustatic?) that are expressed as transgressive–regressive marine cycles in downdip areas. Regional isopach maps show that these cycles were progressively overprinted and modified by an increasing rate of tectonic subsidence in the north and west. The character of palaeosols developed on aggrading floodplains primarily reflects local sediment supply and drainage. In contrast, well-developed interfluve palaeosols record pedogenesis during periods of reduced or negative accommodation (base level fall). Vertical changes in floodplain palaeoenvironments and palaeosol types reflect changes in accommodation rate. The detailed micromorphological analysis of interfluve palaeosols represents a powerful application of an under-used technique for the recognition of key surfaces in the geological record. This has broad implications for non-marine sequence stratigraphy.     

A Conceptual Approach To The Fusion Of Earth Observation Data

The paper outlines the principles and methods of datafusion in Earth observations. Here, observations of aparticular region of the Earth's surface at acertain instant, obtained at different wavelengths or usingdifferent sensors, are combined in order to derive moreuseful information than would be obtained from a singlesource.     

分布式GIS分层体系结构模型的研究

提出了一个通用的分布式GIS的分层体系结构模型 :用户界面层、应用层、应用接口层和数据服务层 ,给出了该模型的思想和主要特征 ,并结合Internet/Intranet环境讨论了模型的实现方法。分层分布式GIS模型的提出可以部分地解决现有的Internet/IntranetGIS存在的问题。     

多尺度地理空间数据的分布式存储与管理

多尺度地理空间数据分布式存储与管理技术为建立分布式网络地理信息系统、实现多尺度、多数据类型数字地理信息产品一体化分发和应用提供技术支撑。本文重点讨论了地理空间数据分布与存储模型体系、空间数据在关系数据库中的一体化存储与管理方法、空间数据库引擎技术、多尺度地理空间信息一体化管理体系结构等问题。     

Morphology and internal architecture of a banner bank off Chengshan Headland, Shandong Peninsula

A banner bank off the north coast of the Chengshan Headland,Shandong Peninsula,has been described on the basis of echo sounder bathymetry,side-scan sonar and high-resolution seismic data sets.The bank is in NWW direction,approximately parallel to the coastline.The bank consists of sandy silt or clayed silt.Sand waves and megaripples are observed on the north side,which result from strong tidal currents around the headland and storm waves in winter.These bed forms indicate that the bank is influenced by the modern hydrodynamics.The bank is separated from the coast and Holocene subaqueous clinoform around the Shandong Peninsula in its east part.High-resolution seismic profiles reveal that the bank was formed during two periods:the earlier seismic unit Ua,and later seismic units Ub and Uc which overlays Ua with erosional surfaces on its south side and north side,respectively.As comparing with the clinoform,the bank has a different internal architecture.In the west of the bank,however,topography and surface sediment characteristics suggest that the bank links to the clinoform.The authors propose that seismic Ua is a residual part of early clinoform deposit.After the sediments in the north and south of Ua were eroded by strong currents,the Ub and Uc started to deposit probably by a complex hydrodynamic process.These results provide new insights into the evolution of the bank and its relation with the Holocene subqueous clinoform.     

大数据环境下Spark性能优化分析研究与应用

针对长时间序列、多站点和多气象要素的大数据量查询需求,现有的CIMISS(China Integrated Meteorologi-cal Information Sharing System)存在支撑能力严重不足的问题.本研究使用广西气象站点建站至今的历史地面气象记录月报表数据资料和现有Hadoop集群物理资源,重新...     

Sequence stratigraphic architectures and responses to syndepositional tectonic evolution in the Paleogene Lingshui Sag,Qiongdongnan Basin,northwestern South China Sea

ABSTRACT

The syndepositional tectonic evolution and sequence stratigraphic architecture of the Paleogene Lingshui Sag, Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea, are investigated with seismic profiles, boreholes and well logs. First, according to the recognized sequence boundaries, the Paleogene sequence stratigraphic framework is established. Then, based on analyzing the subsidence history and paleogeomorphology evolution, the Paleogene Lingshui Sag is clarified to present episodic tectonic evolution, showing tectonic stage-I, stage-II and stage-III. From stage-I to stage-III, the major basin-marginal faults gradually lost control over the subsidence center, which moved away from the initial basin margin to the late central basin. Structural slope break belts, such as fault slope break belts and gentle slope break belts, formed through the above three tectonic stages and controlled the formation of four types of relevant distinct sequence stratigraphic architectures, namely, Types A1, A2, B1 and B2. Finally, the responses of sequence stratigraphic architectures to tectonic evolution are described, and the favorable hydrocarbon reservoirs in the different architectures are discussed, which constitute stratigraphic traps, fault traps, lenticular lithologic traps and updip wedge-out traps. This information is beneficial in prospecting for subtle traps in basins located in deepwater areas.     

Syn-depositional continental rifting of the Southeastern Neo-Tethys margin during the Albian–Cenomanian: evidence from stratigraphic correlation

ABSTRACT

Albian–Cenomanian successions (Kazhdumi and Sarvak formations) represent remarkable variations in thickness, facies, fauna, and environments throughout the Zagros area. In the Coastal Fars (Charmu section), sedimentological and paleontological data evidence an intrashelf, with depths of 10s–100s m, surrounded by a shallow carbonate platform. Due to its depth, deposition of sequences in this setting has been controlled by eustatic sea-level changes rather than eurybathic changes, and several condensation episodes occurred related to marine transgressions. These observations are different from those in the adjacent sections in the Coastal Fars which recorded subaerial exposures instead. Combined with previous studies, this study denotes several intrashelf basins enclosed by a shallow carbonate platform on the southeastern margin of the Neo-Tethys during the Albian–Cenomanian. Development of intrashelf basins corresponds to basement faults in the Fars Salient. Likely, an extensional tectonic regime associated with a rifting event created horst–graben architecture by exerting extension along the basement faults and reactivating salt structures. Deposition on these troughs and highs led to the facies and thickness variations of the concomitant sequences. Development of several intrashelf basins on the southeastern margin of the Neo-Tethys indicates that syn-depositional continental rifting event could occur during the Albian–Cenomanian, prior to the tectonic inversion around the earliest Turonian.