海湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians)海上保苗技术的研究

用网袋、塑料筒、网箱等不同器具对海湾扇贝进行海上保苗试验,保苗率分别可达到23.8％、28.3％和32.9％。网袋中贝苗的生长快于塑料筒快于网箱,在10～13.5℃条件下,平均日增长为20μm;13.5～17.5℃,平均日增长为30μm;17.5～19℃,平均日增长为140μm;19～22℃,平均日增长为80μm。作者认为,贝苗生长不仅与水温有关,而且与贝苗的不同生长阶段有关,在贝苗壳高为1.5～4.5mm这个阶段生长迅速。     

Dynamic behavior of tension-leg platform with net-cage system subjected to wave forces

In this study a typical tension-leg platform with net cage system is presented, and a set of equations of motion for the platform with a net-cage system of a simplified two-dimensional case are derived. Subsequently a close form solution is obtained when the wave-structure interaction between the top platform structure and the incident wave is considered. The parameter of solidity as a ratio of the twine diameter and the mesh size of the cage is also taken into account in the analysis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic behavior for the tension-leg platform with a net-cage system and its pre-tensioned tethers when subjected to incident waves and flow drags, and furthermore, to understand the relationship between the structure behavior and the properties of the net-cages. Numerical examples are carried out and the results are discussed focusing on the motion of both the platform and net-cages when subjected to waves of a range of periods. It is found that there is a close relationship between the dynamic behavior of the platform and the net-cage features such as the solidity ratio between the twine diameter and the mesh size of the net-cage while the parameters related to waves are held constant.     

划分水团的模糊密度聚类法

提出不受资料输入顺序影响的模糊密度聚类法。给出模糊点密度的定义与计算方法,并用渤、黄、东海的温盐资料,进行模糊密度聚类计算,对聚类结果及水团划分进行了讨论。     

我国苏北建川潮汐盐沼有孔虫垂直分带的发现和特征

通过三个断面加密有孔虫表层采样和精确高程测量,发现建川开敞型盐沼存在特征性盐沼有孔虫组合,这些组合与盐沼植被带相应,受高程控制,有明显的垂直分带,垂直带顶面即最高高潮位以上有孔虫突然消失.这个有孔虫垂直分布模式可高精度地恢复古海面(精度最高可达±5cm).该研究为我国高分辨恢复古海面提供了一个地区性的现代有孔虫标尺,同时该工作也填补了国外仅局限于研究隐蔽型海岸盐沼有孔虫垂直分带的不足.     

利用希尔伯特变换解释重力异常

本文给出了几种规则形状二度体和三度体重力异常的希尔伯特变换式,提出了一种利用希尔伯特变换反演异常体的方法。这种方法充分利用了重力异常信息:利用重力异常Δg(x)曲线和它的希尔伯特变换H(x)曲线及Δg(x)-H(x)参量图上的某些特征点直接反演异常体形状参数及埋深。方法简单、实用。     

桶形基础及其作用下的粉质土海床失稳机制研究的试验设计

在阅读、分析以往的有关资料的基础上 ,结合实际的试验条件 ,对桶形基础及其作用下的粉质土海床失稳机制研究的试验作出了专门设计。该设计通过配土、设计模型桶基和负压沉贯的操作过程、设置孔压传感器等实验手段 ,努力从土体破坏的角度 ,寻求负压沉贯过程中沉贯负压、沉贯阻力及孔隙水压力之间的变化关系和确定桶基的上拔力。并且指出了数据处理的基本思路 ,以利于课题的深入研究。     

渤南凹陷渤深6块潜山储层描述技术

渤深6块潜山储层位于沾化拗陷渤南凹陷北部,埋藏深度4100~4900 m,储层发育及成藏规律复杂。为了高效开发渤深6块,必须引进和优化潜山油藏描述技术,然后根据自身特点选择优化并创新使用。采用地震资料目标处理、叠前深度偏移、高精度三维地震采集处理解释等基础资料处理技术;用多井地震合成记录综合标定、变速成图等技术准确描述潜山形态。多井采用了斯伦贝谢成相、核磁共振测井、多尺度边缘检测平面预测等先进技术,最后根据录井、测井等多项信息进行综合判识并量化。应用结果表明,渤深6块15口新井全部钻遇设计油层,且均自喷生产,投产平均产油能力84 t/d,产气5×104m3/d,油藏开发效果好。     

“Methane on Mars: A product of H2O photolysis in the presence of CO”: Response to V.A. Krasnopolsky

The detection of CH₄ in the martian atmosphere, at a mixing ratio of about 10 ppb, prompted Krasnopolsky et al. [Krasnopolsky, V.A., Maillard, J.P., Owen, T.C., 2004. Icarus 172, 537-547] and Krasnopolsky [Krasnopolsky, V.A., 2006. Icarus 180, 359-367] to propose that the CH₄ is of biogenic origin. Bar-Nun and Dimitrov [Bar-Nun, A., Dimitrov, V., 2006. Icarus 181, 320-322] proposed that CH₄ can be formed in the martian atmosphere by photolysis of H₂O in the presence of CO. We based our arguments on a clear demonstration that CH₄ is formed in our experiments, and on thermodynamic equilibrium calculations, which show that CH₄ formation is favored even in the presence of oxygen at a mixing ratio 1.3×¹⁰⁻³, as observed on Mars. In the present comment, Krasnopolsky [Krasnopolsky, V.A., 2007. Icarus, in press (this issue)] presents his arguments against the suggestion of Bar-Nun and Dimitrov [Bar-Nun, A., Dimitrov, V., 2006. Icarus 181, 320-322], based on the effect of O₂ on CH₄ formation, the absence of kinetic pathways for CH₄ formation and on the inadequacy of thermodynamic equilibrium calculations to describe the martian atmosphere. In this rebuttal we demonstrate that experiments with molecular oxygen at a ratio of O₂/CO₂=(8.9-17)×¹⁰⁻³, exceeding the martian ratio, still form CH₄. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations replicate the experimental CH₄ mixing ratio to within a factor of 1.9 and demonstrate that CH₄ production is favored in the martian atmosphere, which is obviously not in thermodynamic equilibrium. Consequently, we do not find the presence of methane to be a sign of biological activity on Mars.     

法律化·社会化·程序化:人民监督员制度发展前瞻

法治是合法性和合理性的有机统一。作为一项推进依法治国的措施,人民监督员制度只有通过制度的法律化获得存在的合法性,通过组织的社会化获得运行的合理性,通过机制的程序化实现法律化与社会化的现实统一,才能充分符合法治精神,具备监督资格和能力,进而发挥监督实效。     

矿床成矿系列与成矿预测研究新进展——“《中国矿产地质志》‘成矿系列与找矿方向’”专辑特邀主编寄语

《中国矿产地质志》系列志书由全国600多家单位、4000多名地质工作者, 历时十多年编纂而成, 计划出版200多套志书、150余套附图, 全面记录我国180余种矿产、7万余处矿产地的矿产勘查成果和成矿规律, 实现我国已发现矿种、矿产地和国域面积的三个全覆盖。该志书填补了历史空白, 具有划时代的里程碑意义。该套志书是在“矿床的成矿系列”(简称“成矿系列”)理论思想指导下开展研编的, 厘定了地球系统演化各个时空域中矿种全覆盖的矿床成矿系列, 构建了全国94个成矿带和31个省区市的区域成矿谱系, 在此基础上构建了时间域、空间域及成矿作用紧密结合的成矿体系, 并进一步应用成矿系列的“全位成矿、缺位找矿”的预测思维开展了全矿种的成矿预测。在《地球学报》编辑部的大力支持下, 主动服务于新一轮找矿突破战略行动, 我们从全国、省域、成矿区带等不同尺度, 选取12篇论文, 组成“《中国矿产地质志》‘成矿系列与找矿方向’”专辑, 对铁、金、稀有、稀土、稀散、磷等战略性矿产等进行了系统总结和分析, 旨在为新一轮找矿突破战略行动中找矿工作选区和部署提供科技支撑, 促进国内重要矿产资源的勘查开发, 增储上产。