秦豫地质遗迹资源及地质公园建设中人为因素分析

秦豫地质遗迹资源都十分丰富,在类型和数量上实力相当,但在地质公园建设上,陕西省远远落后于河南省,究其原因,主要在于政府支持和投资力度不够,地质勘测及地质公园建设骨干队伍尚未形成等诸多人为因素的影响。     

雁荡山世界地质公园火山岩年代学研究

雁荡山是中国第一个以中生代火山为主题的世界地质公园.长期以来,关于雁荡山火山岩时代及其层位归属存在争议.为了配合世界地质公园的申报、建设并提高其科学研究程度,笔者等对雁荡山火山岩开展了系统的同位素年代学研究.自下而上3个火山地层单元的锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄测定表明,雁荡山火山岩的形成时代为97.2~105.6Ma,属于早白垩世晚期;经区域地层对比,确定其层位应归属永康群小平田组,这为整个浙东、乃至与闽东之间的晚中生代火山-沉积地层系统划分与对比,提供了重要地质依据.     

红旗渠·林虑山国家地质公园景观特征及旅游体系研究

红旗渠·林虑山国家地质公园是林州市旅游业发展重要的旅游资源。公园的地质遗迹是华北地区地质演化的缩影,是一座天然的沉积构造陈列馆和教科书。公园不仅有壮观的人文质工程——红旗渠,还具有"雄、奇、险、秀、幽"的美学特征,可以开展科普游、红色游、生态游、体育游和文化游。     

河北省涞水县野三坡国家地质公园：地质遗迹的地质意义和4期节理的导控作用

野三坡国家地质公园位于太行山断隆与燕山“台褶带”的结合部,两构造单元以紫荆关大断裂为界。公园内地质遗迹丰富,其地质内涵是华北地质的精髓。发育4期宏大构造节理,分别与印支期华南板块、燕山期伊佐奈歧板块、华北期太平洋板块和喜马拉雅期印度板块的挤压有关。4期节理,特别是喜马拉雅期南北向“追踪张节理”,对园区构造地貌景观的形成起着关键作用。     

华北峡谷珍品--河北野三坡"百里峡构造-冲蚀嶂谷"的成因

野三坡国家地质公园位于紫荆关大断裂北端,河北涞水县境内.百里峡构造-冲蚀嶂谷由3条分裂嶂谷组成,总长达52.5km,发育在紫荆关大断裂东侧的中元古界雾迷山组燧石条带白云岩中.中-新生代4期宏大而直立的构造节理,特别是喜马拉雅期南北向追踪张节理,是嶂谷形成的先决条件;更新世阶段地壳迅速的抬升、外力的物理风化作用,特别是晚更新世间歇性山区洪水的冲蚀,是形成嶂谷的直接原因.百里峡构造-冲蚀嶂谷是喀斯特地貌中一种特殊的类型.     

Analysis of the influential factors for changes to land use in China’s Xingwen Global Geopark against a tourism development background

This study employs geographic information system software to explore the influences of elevation, slope, the river system, traffic arteries and the central development zone on the land-use changes in Shihai between 1995 and 2010. Data were drawn from statistics from the first two remote sensing investigations of land use in the town of Shihai in China’s Xingwen Global Geopark and its digital elevation model data. An analysis of the relationships between changes in land use was performed using relevant models, including a comprehensive land-use dynamic degree model, a single land-use dynamic degree model and a comprehensive index model for the extent of land use. The results suggest that a combination of natural and human factors influenced the changes in Shihai’s land use during the time from 1995 to 2010. First, elevation and slope exerted environmental resistance. Specifically, as elevation or slope increased, the extent of change in land use decreased, despite local policies that have reduced the extent of this resistance. Second, the river system influenced land use such that, as distance from the river increased, changes in land use decreased and then increased, suggesting that the river has a resistant as well as propulsive influence. Third, traffic arteries and the central development zone created an environmental motivation to the changes in Shihai’s land use; specifically, the evolving tourism industry results in increasing numbers of tourist trails and roads and continually expanding Geopark services’ infrastructure. Thus, relatively more dramatic changes are experienced in the Geopark’s proximate land use than in its surroundings.     

Geotourism,geoconservation, and geodiversity along the belt and road: A case study of Dunhuang UNESCO Global Geopark in China

Dunhuang UNESCO Global Geopark (DHGG) is rich in geoheritage and contains scientific value for studying the sedimentation environments and paleoclimates of Western China. The Geopark is also notable for its aesthetic, cultural, artistic, and recreational value for tourism development. Since geographer Sven Hedin’s discovery of a yardang landform around Lop Nur in 1903, the area has been heavily studied. After the site was designated a National Geopark, geoconservation and geotourism began to rapidly develop and problems associated with these changes emerged. This study characterizes some of DHGG’s typical geoheritage, existing geoconservation, launched geotourism, and also describes some of the area’s challenges. In addition, the opportunities and challenges of DHGG arising from the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (B&R) are discussed. To benefit the sustainable development of DHGG, it is prudent to continue promoting geodiversity, geoconservation, and geotourism by making use of the advantages brought by the B&R.     

昆仑山世界地质公园哈萨山蛇绿岩地球化学特征及锆石U-Pb年龄

哈萨山蛇绿岩位于东昆中缝合带中部,为昆仑山世界地质公园三大核心地质遗迹之一,蛇绿岩出露较为完整,通过对蛇绿岩中堆晶辉长岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年研究,获得年龄值为438.5±2.6 Ma,表明蛇绿岩形成于早志留世。岩石地球化学研究显示,蛇纹岩的原岩为橄榄岩类,蛇纹岩的稀土元素总量较低,呈右倾斜的配分曲线;辉长岩显示轻稀土较重稀土富集,具有不同程度的Eu负异常,配分曲线较为平缓,略呈右倾型;玄武岩具有轻稀土较重稀土富集的特征,具有明显的Eu负异常,相对富集大离子亲石元素,高场强元素呈平坦型,Nb、P轻微亏损,各样品配分曲线大致平行于E-MORB谱线,显示为同源岩浆,主要表现为E-MORB特征,并具有洋中脊向洋岛过渡的特征,其形成的构造环境应属初始小洋盆,可能为原特提斯洋洋壳残迹,形成于洋陆转换早期。     

Multi-designated geoparks face challenges in China’s heritage conservation

The author selects a thorny issue of doubled designations that bother pol- icy-makers, professional planners and managers in the field of conservation for protected areas. The analyzed case study areas cover 5 National Geoparks of China in Sichuan Prov- ince, 18 UNESCO Global Geoparks in China, and 219 World Heritage sites in China and 8 European nations. Through analysis and synthesis, the author concludes that doubled des- ignation, which also leads to unbalanced park distribution, is particularly prevalent in China other than in Europe. Therefore, on-site management agencies and related governments in China should carefully translate the doubled designations into responsibilities and harmoni- ous partnerships between all stakeholders in order to enhance the management effectiveness and avoid paper park phenomenon.     

地质公园的建设与发展

迄今为止，我国已建立国家地质公园44处，但地质公园建设与发展的理论体系还相当不健全。笔者就地质公园建设与发展中的地质公园选址、地质公园范围的界定和地质公园规划三个重要问题进行了初步探讨。这对国家地质公园建设与发展具有一定参考、借鉴或指导意义。