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21.
指明了城郊物流的特殊性和规划的基本要求,明确了可用于城郊物流规划中的GIS技术.采用GIS手段,制作了区位图,界定了城郊的性质,展现了本区的空间结构、交通体系和物流现状,结合模型分析预测出物流需求.重点探讨了3级物流结点的体系架构,阐述了各级结点的规划依据,设计了对应的算法,定位了物流园区、物流中心、配送中心的具体位置;以上位规划原则和可视化分析,提出对内、对外物流通道建设方案. 相似文献
22.
依托“西部煤炭资源高精度三维地震勘探技术”工程,对晋城矿区进行了旨在提高小断层,小陷落柱探测能力的高密度三维地震勘探。根据面元选择因素及该区地质任务,采用5m×5m网格进行野外数据采集;考虑炮检距、方位角、覆盖次数、排列片横纵比及煤层埋深(350~500m)等因素,采用中点放炮、60道接收,24次覆盖(横向4次,纵向6次)的8线16炮束状观测系统,基岩中激发。原始资料经同一处理流程后,获得5m×5m×1ms、5m×10m×1ms、10m×10m×1ms及2.5m×2.5m×1ms不同单元的三维数据体多个,通过对比可以发现小断层,小陷落柱在其小面元叠加时间剖面、顺层切片及相干切片都有清晰的反映。实例说明,小面元采集技术可以提高对小构造的纵、横向分辨能力,满足山区对三维地震精确勘探的要求。 相似文献
23.
24.
A multi-method approach to study the stability of natural slopes and landslide susceptibility mapping 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
In this paper, a multi-method approach for the assessment of the stability of natural slopes and landslide hazard mapping applied to the Dakar coastal region is presented. This approach is based on the effective combination of geotechnical field and laboratory works, of GIS, and of mechanical (deterministic and numerical) stability analysis. By using this approach, valuable results were gained regarding instability factors, landslide kinematics, simulation of slope failure and coastal erosion. This led to a thorough assessment and strong reduction in the subjectivity of the slope stability and hazard assessment and to the development of an objective landslide danger map of the SW coast of Dakar. Analysis of the results shows that the slides were influenced by the geotechnical properties of the soil, the weathering, the hydrogeological situation, and the erosion by waves. The landslide susceptibility assessment based on this methodological approach has allowed for an appropriate and adequate consideration of the multiple factors affecting the stability and the optimization of planning and investment for land development in the city. 相似文献
25.
26.
Assessment of sand encroachment in Kuwait using Geographical Information System (GIS) technology has been formulated as a
Multi-Criteria Decision Making problem. The Delphi method and Analytical Hierarchy Process were adopted as evaluating techniques,
in which experts’ judgments were analyzed for objectively estimating and weighting control factors. Seven triggering factors,
depicted in the form of maps, were identified and ordered according to their priority. These factors are (1) wind energy;
(2) surface sediment; (3) vegetation density; (4) land use; (5) drainage density; (6) topographic change and (7) vegetation
type. The factor maps were digitized, converted to raster data and overlaid to determine their possible spatial relationships.
Applying a susceptibility model, a map of sand encroachment susceptibility in Kuwait was developed. The map showed that the
areas of very high and high sand encroachment susceptibility are located within the main corridor of sand pathway that coincides
with the northwesterly dominant wind direction. 相似文献
27.
Decision-support systems for groundwater protection: innovative tools for resource management 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Stefan Kollarits Gerhard Kuschnig Miran Veselic Ante Pavicic Corrado Soccorso Marina Aurighi 《Environmental Geology》2006,49(6):840-848
Governmental authorities are forced by law to make decisions within the framework of European, national and regional directives
in the fields of spatial planning, groundwater and environmental protection. These tasks can be supported by a decision-support
system, which integrates data from various sources and helps to make decision processes more effective and transparent. Basic
work for such a decision support system has been done in a transnational and interdisciplinary project (Interreg II C: KATER),
including metadata definition, metadata system, cartographic tools and GIS tools. The direct integration of these tools and
information in the decision process will be implemented in the next few years (project KATER II). 相似文献
28.
29.
Evaluating Earthquake-Triggered Landslide Hazard at the Basin Scale Through Gis in the Upper Sele River Valley 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
To evaluate techniques for assessing earthquake-triggeredlandslide hazard in the Southern Apennines (Italy), a GIS-based analysis was used to modelseismically induced slope deformations. Geological, geotechnical, geomorphological and seismologicaldata were integrated into a standard earthquake slope stability model. The model assessed thelandslide potential that existed during the 1980 Irpinian earthquake in the Upper Sele river Valley.The standard Newmark displacement analysis, widely used for predicting the location of shallowunstable slopes, does not take into account errors and/or uncertainties in the input parameters.Therefore, a probabilistic Newmark displacement analysis technique has been used. Probabilistictechniques allow, e.g., an estimation of the probability that a slope will exceed a certain criticalvalue of Newmark displacement. In our probabilistic method, a Monte-Carlo based simulation modelis used in conjunction with a GIS. The random variability of geotechnical data is modelled by probabilitydensity functions (pdfs), while for the seismic input three different regression laws wereconsidered. Input probability distributions are sampled and the resulting values input into empiricalrelations for estimating Newmark displacement. The outcome is a map in which to each siteis related a spatial probability distribution for the expected displacement in response to seismic loading.Results of the experiments show a high grade of uncertainty in the application of the Newmarkanalysis both for the deterministic and probabilistic approach in a complex geological setting suchas the high Sele valley, quite common in the Southern Apennines. They show a strong dependence onthe reliability of the spatial data used in input, so that, when the model is used at basin scale,results are strongly influenced by local environmental condition (e.g., topography, lithology, groundwatercondition) and decrease the model performance. 相似文献
30.
地球物理技术在我国考古和文物保护工作中的应用 总被引:3,自引:6,他引:3
20世纪80年代以来,我国考古及文物保护工作者和地球物理工作者越来越认识到地球物理技术在考古和方物保护方面可以发挥作用,在古幕探查、大型古建筑地下遗存现状、古遗迹断代等方面,地球物理技术都找到了发挥作用的机会,本文通过地球物理技术在云冈石窟、龙门石窟、克孜尔石窟、北京故宫紫禁城、嵩岳寺塔、古泗州城遗址、风阳明中都等的物理探查实例,以及查找古幕、古遗迹断代等方面的工作,介绍了我国在考古和文物保护领域应用地球物理技术的进展,并指出了物探在用于考古和文保时的特点和展望。 相似文献