1998年5月磁暴磁层电流体系的地磁效应分析

低纬度地区地磁场的短时变化主要由以下电流体系产生:电离层发电机电流(IDC)、对称环电流(SRC)以及由部分环电流和Ⅱ区场向电流及其电离层回路组成的内磁层三维电流体系(PRFI).此外,由Ⅰ区场向电流及其电离层回路组成的电流体系(FACI)所产生的低纬地磁场也是不可忽略的.本文针对1998年5月1-6日的大磁暴,首先利用多个同子午线台站对的数据分离并消去由IDC电流产生的Sq场.然后,通过线性建模分离其他电流体系产生的磁场成分.结果表明:(1)发生在5月1-6日的磁暴可以分为两个过程,PRFI和FACI电流体系在1-3日不明显,在4-5日伴随着亚暴强烈发生.(2)SRC的变化情况在第一阶段同Dst指数相似,在第二阶段明显滞后于Dst指数.(3)在5月4-5日,PRFI在SRC之前增强,随着PRFI和FACI的恢复,SRC开始增强.这一结果为我们了解环电流和场向电流的形成以及它们的关系提供线索.     

干旱区高山-盆地系统深部水资源的赋存和估算——以河西走廊西段为例

现行西北地区水资源评价，是基于下列水文地质概念模型：（1）作为主要补给源地的山区，其与盆地之间存在“阻水屏障”；（2）山区形成的地下水基本上已全部汇入出山河谷，流向盆地绿洲，经实地勘探水化学同位素分析与资料研究，认为现行“模型”不符合地质实际。在引用国外高山区产流数值模拟成果的基础上，采用比拟法估算出研究区，由山区通过基岩向盆地绿洲作侧向补给的大致数量。新概念模型的建立，意味着西北高山－盆地系统的绿洲基岩不深处，赋存有相当数量以前未被计入的、可供开发的水资源。     

成矿流体研究的若干进展与动态

近年成矿流体研究在大规模流体的存在与运移、巨型矿床与流体的关系、成矿流体输运动力学、建立热液成矿反应体系及成矿流体分测试技术等方面取得了重要进展；今后成矿流体研究在流体的运移路径与成矿预测、超临界流体与金属矿产巨量堆积的关系及成矿流体的计算机模拟等方面走势明显。     

松辽盆地地热资源的形成与远景评价

松辽平原在地貌和地质上都是一个盆地。盆地中心区域上地幔隆升形成地幔枕，使本地区成为地壳中的一个热点，具有较高的地热背景。盆地是汇水区，盆地中部地域自然就成为地下热水主要的分布区。松辽盆地地热资源开发远景大有希望。     

塔里木盆地阿图什-八盘水磨反冲构造系统研究

通过大量野外地质调查和深部物探 (地震剖面、MT和重力 )综合构造解释 ,在位于东起八盘水磨 ,西至乌鲁克恰特以西的南天山前陆冲断带中 ,确定了阿图什 -八盘水磨反冲构造系统及其三角带构造 ;该反冲系统由小阿图什 -八盘水磨和乌尔 -喀拉套山反冲构造系统及小阿图什 -乌鲁克恰特被变形的反冲构造系统组成 ;即在以往认为南天山向塔里木盆地大规模逆冲推覆的地区 ,塔里木盆地盖层第四纪以来沿多组滑脱面向天山新生代造山带反冲推覆。塔里木盆地反冲构造系统发育的区域基底埋深往往大于 10km ,对应麦盖提基底构造下凹区 ,而相邻柯坪塔格薄皮推覆构造系统发育的区域基底埋深一般小于 10km ,对应巴楚基底构造上隆区 ;逆冲和反冲构造转换带基底埋深约10km ,平衡剖面恢复表明弧形逆冲和反冲构造顶部分别为逆冲和反冲位移量最大位置     

Improved dynamic correction method in seismic analysis of both classically and non‐classically damped structures

A step‐by‐step approximate procedure taking into consideration high‐frequency modes, usually neglected in the modal analysis of both classically and non‐classically damped structures, is presented. This procedure can be considered as an extension of traditional modal correction methods, like the mode‐acceleration method and the dynamic correction method, which are very effective for structural systems subjected to forcing functions described by analytical laws. The proposed procedure, herein called improved dynamic correction method, requires two steps. In the first step, the number of differential equations of motion are reduced and consequently solved by using the first few undamped mode‐shapes. In the second step, the errors due to modal truncation are reduced by correcting the dynamic response and solving a new set of differential equations, formally similar to the original differential equations of motion. The difference between the two groups of differential equations lies in the forcing vector, which is evaluated in such a way as to correct the effects of modal truncation on applied loads. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Assessment of Geomagnetic Hazard to Power Systems in Canada

This paper presents an assessment ofgeomagnetic hazard on the five largest power systemsin Canada. From east to west these are: Nova ScotiaPower, Hydro-Quebec, Ontario Hydro West System, Manitoba Hydro, and the northern B.C. Hydro system. The aim of this study was to determine howfrequently, and where in a system, largegeomagnetically induced currents (GIC) could beexpected. To do this, an analysis was made of thespectral characteristics of the magnetic fieldvariations that cause GIC, and a review was made ofpublished magnetotelluric soundings in order todetermine conductivity models for different parts ofthe country. The magnetic field spectra and theconductivity information were then used to determinethe electric fields produced during geomagneticdisturbances. A relation was determined betweenelectric field magnitudes and the magnetic activityindex, Kp so that statistics for Kp could be used todetermine the occurrence rates of large electricfields. Power system models were used to determinethe GIC produced by the `1-year' and `10-year'electric fields experienced by each power system.     

陆相层序地层学进展

陆相层序地层学是层序地层学发展的一个重要方向．由于陆相地层的特点，其与海相层序地层相比具有特殊性。本文从层序的控制因素、层序界面、基准面、体系域与沉积体系的发育、层序地层与模拟技术和全球对比意义等方面回顾了陆相层序地层学的进展并讨论了陆相层序地层学的特点。     

Delivery of upper-basin sediment to the lower neuse river,North Carolina,U.S.A.

Extensive storage of upper-basin Piedmont sediment and apparent low sediment supply to streams in lower-basin Coastal Plain areas generates questions as to the source of alluvium in lower reaches of rivers of the U.S. Atlantic drainage. This was investigated on the Neuse River, North Carolina, using a mineralogical indicator of sediment source areas. The utility of mica flakes for discriminating between Piedmont and non-Piedmont sources of sediment in the lower Coastal Plain reaches of the Neuse was established on the basis of an examination of the U.S. National Soils Database and of 26 soil surveys of the North Carolina Coastal Plain. From the Neuse River estuary to 48 km upstream there are no mica flakes in floodplain soils or in river bank and channel shelf sediments. Mica flakes become more common upstream. This suggests that a very small proportion of the sediment eroded in the Piedmont portion of the watershed is delivered to the river mouth. The small amounts which presumably do reach the lower Coastal Plain are so diluted by Coastal Plain-derived alluvium that no Piedmont origin can be discerned. This demonstrates a dominantly Coastal Plain source and underscores the importance of storage and discontinuous transport in fluvial sediment systems. More importantly, results suggest that upper- and lower-basin sediment dynamics are not only non-linearly related, but may be virtually decoupled.     

On the Development of Meso-Scale Heavy Rain Parcels in China

Heavy rains occur in China frequently, which often bring us floods and serious disasters in the summer half-year. The meso-scale heavy rain parcels (MHRP) in the mid-latitude are usually developed in following cases:I.By the approaching, meeting and / or overlapping of different weather systems, when two or more different rainfall systems are getting to conjugate, some MHRPs could be developed, such as: 1) a new cold/warm front or squall line approaches an old front or squall, even when the old one is somewhat decrepit; 2) at the places where two or more synoptic systems with different characteristics are meeting together, such as the meeting of tropical cyclone with the cold airs coming from the mid- and / or high-latitudes, or the low latitude vortex meeting with the westerly trough; 3) at the intersections of some different weather systems, such as the intersection of drylines, squall lines or fronts moving from different directions; and 4) by the overlapping of rainfall parcels produced continuously