21世纪海上丝绸之路战略构架下中国-肯尼亚海洋合作之探讨

21世纪海上丝绸之路战略是新时期我国重要的对外战略,加强与沿线国家在海上的务实合作是21世纪海上丝绸之路建设的重要内容。文章通过探讨21世纪海上丝绸之路战略对海上合作在合作原则、合作思路及合作重点等方面提出的要求,分析我国21世纪海上丝绸之路建设重要据点——肯尼亚的战略优势及海洋优势,提出中国与肯尼亚海洋合作应从推动双方海洋科研院所之间建立合作机制、建设中肯海洋渔业联合研究中心、资助联合研究项目的开展、加强双方人员交流,扩大青年科学家培训规模、加强双方在海洋非传统安全领域的合作5个方面重点推进的建议,为今后中-肯海洋合作指明方向。     

中国城镇非密集地区城乡发展的空间创新研究

经济全球化加剧了中国城镇非密集地区的"边缘化";城乡互动发展模式是城镇非密集地区城乡发展的理性选择;通过空间结构创新能够有效推动城乡互动发展。空间福利经济学研究空间消费形态与空间效用分配之间的关系;基于空间福利经济学的区域空间结构创新意在寻求区域空间结构的形态优化和层次提升,以实现空间公平与总体效率兼容发展。在中国城镇非密集地区城乡发展的空间创新过程中,政府的空间安排塑造区域空间结构的基本架构,企业的区位选择构成区域空间结构创新的基本推动力量。     

(False) Dichotomies,political ideologies,and preferences for environmental management along the rural-urban interface in Calaveras County,California

At the core of land use and governance debates in the United States are purported dualities: economy vs. environment, public goods vs. private rights, and the merits and demerits of regulation. While such dichotomies are inevitably partial, they offer a heuristic to interrogate the deeper nuances of a problem or process. I investigate these dichotomies in one site (Calaveras County, California) along the rural-urban interface (RUI). The RUI is home of some of the most valued places in contemporary society as well as some of the most challenged in terms of planning and management. Land management decisions along the RUI are complicated by social and ecological heterogeneity as well as ongoing, dynamic cultural and environmental change. Differing perspectives and shifting conditions in place influence stakeholders' views on the value and utility of a variety of resources, both environmental and social. This paper investigates how political and environmental ideologies and environmental management preferences are related in order to consider the implications of such divergent perspectives for policy and governance. Using a mixed method approach, I examine varying viewpoints related to the environment/economy dichotomy and conclude that increasing polarization of political and environmental ideals and preferences along the RUI impacts land use planning and policy as well as social, environmental, and economic outcomes. I argue that the physical and cultural landscape of the RUI is transforming and, as such, we must also (re)configure pathways for cooperation and problem solving to effectively address the challenges and contradictions of these social and ecological changes.     

湖北经济的空间结构及发展布局模式

本文论述了区域空间结构的构成要素和形成基础,分析了湖北省经济空间结构的现状、特征,并提出了其经济空间结构发展的模式。     

三峡库区稻田复养河蟹的农田生态系统能量特征与经济效益

在2002年四川南充稻田养蟹田间探索性试验的基础上,2003年在位于三峡库区淹没带边缘非淹区的重庆市开县竹溪镇进行稻田复养河蟹的田间试验,对种、养结合模式农田生态系统的能流与物流进行了初步探索,并进行了经济效益分析.结果表明：稻蟹复养田的光能利用率高于单作水稻田的15.7%;水稻生长期间的防病治虫用药、运作管理用工、无机肥用量、机械耗材的投入成本明显减少,总的投入比单作水稻田少4.3%,总能、无机能、有机能的产投比分别少35.1%、51.0%和31.6%;土壤全氮、氨态氮分别高于单作水稻田的21.4%和55.2%,稻田水中的氨态氮高达61.3%,这些无机态氮是培育水生生物、高等植物的营养源,又是供应河蟹生长的饵料,而硝态氮则要低得多;河蟹的甲壳质及其排泄物经分解矿化后,是提高土壤有效养分,供应水稻生长的主要肥源.稻田养蟹后,虽然稻谷产量比单作水稻低10.1%,投入成本且低于20.0%,而利润比单作水稻增加77.8%;河蟹的产投比1.54：1,获利润6 381.49元/hm^2;稻田复养河蟹的净利润为7104.19元/hm^2,是单作水稻的44.3倍.