Study on short-range numerical forecasting of ocean current in the East China Sea——Ⅰ Basic problems of ocean current forecasting and structure of the models

Ocean current forecasting is still in explorative stage of study. In the study, we face some problems that have not been met before. The solving of these problems has become fundamental premise for realizing the ocean current forecasting. In the present paper are discussed in depth the physical essence for such basic problems as the predictability of ocean current, the predictable currents, the dynamical basis for studying respectively the tidal current and circulation, the necessity of boundary model, the models on regions with different scales and their link. The foundations and plans to solve the problems are demonstrated. Finally a set of operational numerical forecasting system for ocean current is proposed.     

东太平洋下中新统氧同位素地层与古海洋学意义

研究取自于东太平洋CC48柱状样的钙质超微化石和底栖有孔虫的氧同位素成分变化的结果表明,该区下中新统至少可分出九个氧同位素地层(期),反映该区在早中新世期间至少经历了4次气温上升和5次下降的古气候变化。南极大陆冰川应是形成于早中新世而不是前人认为的中中新世。在早中新世,南极冰体体积有较大的变化。受古气候变化的影响,在早中新世期间东太平洋水柱热结构或温度梯度有比较大的变化,海平面出现多次上升与下降。     

东亚岛弧地形横剖面与板块运动

通过对东亚岛弧横剖面形态的系统分析，并结合弧前的构造应力的分析，作者认为，东亚岛弧形成于板块东移的构造环境中，横剖面形态存在两种基本类型即内缓外陡型和内陡外缓型，这两种不同的横剖面具有不同的弧前应力，前者表现弧前挤压，后者表现弧前引张，这反映地貌形态与构造应力之间的密切关系。     

A preliminary study of carbon system in the East China Sea

In the central part of the East China Sea, the activity of CO₂ in the surface water and total carbonate, pH and alkalinity in the water column were determined in winter and autumn of 1993. The activity of CO₂ in the continental shelf water was about 50 ppm lower than that of surface air. This decrease corresponds to the absorption of about 40 gC/m²/yr of atmospheric CO₂ in the coastal zone or 1 GtC/yr in the global continental shelf, if this rate is applicable to entire coastal seas. The normalized total carbonate contents were higher in the water near the coast and near the bottom. This increase toward the bottom may be due to the organic matter deposited on the bottom. This conclusion is supported by the distribution of pH. The normalized alkalinity distribution also showed higher values in the near-coast water, but in the surface water, indicating the supply of bicarbonate from river water. The residence time of the East China Sea water, including the Yellow Sea water, has been calculated to be about 0.8 yr from the excess alkalinity and the alkalinity input. Using this residence time and the excess carbonate, we can estimate that the amount of dissolved carbonate transported from the coastal zone to the oceanic basin is about 70 gC/m²/yr or 2 GtC/yr/area-of-global-continental-shelf. This also means that the rivers transport carbon to the oceans at a rate of 30 gC/m²/yr of the coastal sea or 0.8 GtC/yr/ area-of-global shelf, the carbon consisting of dissolved inorganic carbonate and terrestrial organic carbon decomposed on the continental shelf.     

台湾海峡纽形动物初报

首次报道台湾海峡产的纽形动物，包括沙栖原细首纽虫、浮游拟脑纽虫、椒状岩田纽虫、中华平裂纽虫和马顿氏潘丁纽虫，共５种。除椒状岩田纽虫在琉球群岛有报道外，均为东海新记录。     

东海陆架外缘隆起带地质构造特征

根据地质、地球物理及钻探资料，结合周边区域地质资料，论证东海外缘隆起带前中中新世基底岩系组成及地质构造特征。     

东海XH凹陷烃资源预测──勘探层分析及石油资源专家系统分析

应用勘探层分析及石油资源专家系统对ＸＨ凹陷下第三系勘探目的层的三个勘探层烃资源量作出了综合预测，结果表明，凹陷内各勘探层，尤其是渐新统勘探层，烃资源量相当可观。提出在渐新统内的地层圈闭中可进一步作详细的勘探工作。     

花鸟山外海域几种形态磷在柱状沉积物中的分布及环境意义

综合运用 SEDEX化学法、ASPILA化学法和 XRF仪器分析法 ,对在东海赤潮多发区花鸟山外海域采集的柱状沉积物进行了总磷及其不同形态磷含量的系统分析。研究表明 ,总磷及其不同形态磷在沉积柱垂向上的分布有一定的变化规律。在采样深度范围内 ,总磷 (TP)、有机磷 (OP)和铁结合态磷 (Fe - P)的含量自下而上增高 ,而吸附态磷 (Ad - P)、自生钙结合态磷 (Ca- P)与碎屑态磷 (De- P)的含量向上递减。样品柱具有较均匀的粒度及矿物、化学组成 ,基本可以排除沉积物质来源和沉积环境变化对沉积物中磷含量的影响 ,而且也不能仅仅用早期成岩作用来解释磷的上述行为。不同形态磷在柱状沉积物中的分布规律 ,在一定程度上反映了近年来陆源区环境污染加剧的趋势。     

东海陆架前缘斜坡(冲绳海槽西坡)北部的断块隆脊地貌

东海陆架前缘斜坡(冲绳海槽西坡)北部的断块隆脊,是呈长条形的脊状台式隆起,位于29°30′N-31°10′N;128°00′E-128°20′E之间。其由NNE向链状排列的断块山地组成,且与NNE向的断裂构造相一致,其顶部水深约300m～400m左右。从实测单道地震剖面看,隆脊的东西两侧均有断层出现。隆脊西坡倾向陆架一侧,坡度大,有的地方坡度超过10°;而东侧坡度较缓,仅1°左右,缓倾至海槽西坡坡底,并以沟坎式与冲绳海槽槽底相连。冲绳海槽地区的构造运动,使隆脊地区受到断裂构造的作用。NNE向的大断裂使该隆脊位置的东西两侧断裂下降而中间抬起,加之下部岩浆上侵,显现出链式排列的断块山地,表现为一条长形的断块隆脊构造地貌体。推测该地貌体形成的时期较晚,它是与断层的发生同时期形成的。     

东海北部黑潮区的浮游桡足类

根据1987年夏季、冬季和1989年春季、秋季采自东海北部黑潮区的浮游生物样品,鉴定出浮游桡足类227种,其中1种为我国海区新记录,21种为东海区新记录.文中还描述了浮游桡足类的总个体密度和主要优势种的分布,并对其与海洋环境的关系进行了讨论.