基于nRF9E5的无线网络控制应用设计方案

结合现代餐饮业自动化服务的需求,以无线Soc芯片nRF9E5和点阵型LCD模块ST7920为硬件核心,结合C++Builder软件编程环境,构建了一种基于nRF9E5芯片的无线网络自动化服务管理系统,该系统具有人机界面友好、数据管理软件完善、无线数据传输与控制稳定、高效等特点。可以推广应用到区域水质、土壤等环境的自动监测等领域。     

Geographic structure of European anchovy: A nuclear-DNA study

Atlantic–Mediterranean anchovies were genetically characterized at two polymorphic nuclear loci (intron 6 of two creatine-kinase genes) and compared to reference Engraulis albidus and E. encrasicolus samples from the northern Western Mediterranean to provide new insights into their geographic structure. Northeastern Atlantic anchovy, represented by one sample from the Canary archipelago and one sample from the Alboran Sea, were genetically distinct from Mediterranean E. encrasicolus (Weir and Cockerham's ^θ = 0.027–0.311), indicating geographic isolation from either side of the Almería–Oran oceanographic front. Generally smaller genetic differences were evident among anchovy populations from different sub-basins in the Mediterranean (^θ = − 0.019–0.116), the genetic differences between Black Sea and Ionian Sea/Aegean Sea anchovies being the strongest (^θ = 0.002–0.116). There was no evidence of the presence of E. albidus in our samples outside Camargue (northern shore of the Western Mediterranean). However, a sample from the southern Western Mediterranean appeared to be genetically intermediate between E. albidus and Mediterranean E. encrasicolus, indicating possible hybridization. Anchovy from the Benguela current system off southern Africa possessed allele frequencies characteristic of E. albidus at one locus and Northeastern Atlantic anchovy at the other locus, suggesting past introgression.     

Faecal indicator bacteria in New Zealand freshwater fish: a pilot study

Recent studies have suggested that poikilothermic animals, such as fish, may represent a previously overlooked source of the faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) used for the assessment of water quality. However, quantitative studies of FIB in poikilotherms are scarce. We investigated the presence of FIB in the faeces of five freshwater fish species. E. coli and enterococci were detected in 71 and 76% of faecal samples, respectively. Concentrations were highly variable, with maximum concentrations (2.1?×?10⁴ E. coli and 1.3?×?10⁶ enterococci per gram of faecal material) up to four orders of magnitude higher than present in the water column. FIB were not detected in faecal samples from marine fish. Our findings suggest that FIB ingested from the environment may be capable of replication within the fish gut, making fish a potential source and transport mechanism for FIB in New Zealand freshwaters. This may have implications for water quality monitoring.     

适宜浓度的维生素E促进半滑舌鳎生长激素基因的表达

本实验旨在探究维生素E对半滑舌鳎垂体组织中生长激素基因表达的影响。作者在每千克等氮等能的基础饲料中分别添加0、400和1 600mg的DL-α-生育酚乙酸酯(维生素E)投喂半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)成鱼(464±2.6) g,进行为期8周的养殖实验;另外,在L-15培养基中添加0、18和54μmol/L的维生素E,对半滑舌鳎成鱼(464±2.6) g的垂体细胞进行为期3 d的体外原代培养实验。分别取垂体组织和原代细胞,通过荧光实时定量PCR分析其gh mRNA的相对表达量。实验结果表明:垂体组织中gh mRNA的相对表达量随着饲料中维生素E含量的增加而呈现先升高后下降的变化趋势,在400 mg/kg组时显著高于其他各组(P0.05);随着细胞培养液中维生素E浓度的升高, gh mRNA的相对表达量显著增加(P0.05)。由此可见,适宜浓度的维生素E能够促进半滑舌鳎垂体组织中生长激素基因的表达。     

中华绒螯蟹仔蟹维生素E营养需求研究

以酪蛋白、明胶，糊精和去维生素E的鱼油为原料，配制成等氨等能的半纯化基础饲料，每100g基础饲料中分别添加VE0，10，20，40，60，80mg制成试验饲料，对淡化5d的河蟹大眼幼体和后继仔蟹进行了为期25 d的饲养试验，探讨了VE对大眼幼体和仔蟹生长，存活、蜕皮的影响和适宜需求量，结果表明，每100g饲料中分别添20mgt 40mgVE时，Ⅲ期仔蟹的增重率，存活率和蜕皮频率均较高，分别为436．065，51．17％和2．54和487．61％，61．50％和2．58，而VE缺乏组，同期仔蟹的增重率。存活率和蜕皮频率最低，仅分别是264．94％、26．17％和2．21，但是当每100g饲料中VE的添加量提高到80mg时，仔蟹的上述三项指标，不但没有随之升高，反而明显下降，并与VE缺乏的对照组相接近，表明VE添加过量，也会抑制仔蟹的正常生长，存活和蜕皮。VE对仔蟹的正常生长发育，存活和蜕皮是必需的其适宜添加量为每100g饲料中添加20－40mg.     

Effects of pulsed nutrient inputs on phytoplankton assemblage structure and blooms in an enclosed coastal area

The response of phytoplankton assemblage structure to terrestrial nutrient inputs was examined for the Gulf of Kalloni in the Northern Aegean Sea, a productive semi-enclosed coastal marine ecosystem. The study was focused on a typical annual cycle, and emphasis was placed on the comparative analysis between blooms developing after significant nutrient inputs from the watershed, and naturally occurring blooms. Baseline information was collected on a monthly basis from a network of stations located in the oligotrophic open sea and the interior and more productive part of the embayment. Intensive sampling was also carried out along a gradient in the vicinity of a river which was the most important source of freshwater and nutrient input for the Gulf. Phytoplankton assemblage structure was analyzed from 188 samples using diversity indices (Shannon and Average Taxonomic Distinctness), multivariate plotting methods (NMDS), multivariate statistics (PERMANOVA), and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Three characteristic assemblages were recognized: (1) an autumn assemblage developed under nutrient depleted conditions, having low diversity due to the dominance of two small diatoms, (2) a winter bloom of the potentially toxic species Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha occurring immediately after a nutrient peak and characterized by very low diversity, and (3) a naturally occurring early summer bloom of centric diatoms with relatively high diversity. The results of the study support the view that moderate nutrient inputs may have a beneficial effect on the functioning of coastal ecosystems, stimulating the taxonomic diversity through the growth of different taxonomic groups and taxa. On the other hand, a sudden pulse of high nutrient concentrations may greatly affect the natural succession of organisms, have a negative effect on the diversity through the dominance of a single species, and can increase the possibility of a harmful algal bloom development.     

超慢速扩张环境下超镁铁质岩系统的热液硫化物成矿机理以及启示

西南印度洋63.5°E热液区是在超慢速扩张洋脊发现的首个超镁铁质岩热液系统。对取自该区的热液硫化物样品进行了系统的矿物学和地球化学分析,矿物学分析结果表明:该热液区硫化物为富Fe型高温硫化物,且经历了较深程度的氧化蚀变,大量中间态的Fe氧化物充填在硫化物矿物间的孔隙及内部解理中;这些硫化物相以白铁矿为主,其次是等轴古巴矿和少量铜蓝,缺乏黄铁矿、闪锌矿。据推断,该区的热液成矿作用分为4个阶段:低温白铁矿阶段→高温等轴古巴矿阶段→自形白铁矿阶段→后期海底风化阶段（少量铜蓝以及大量的Fe的羟氧化物）。与之相对应,地球化学分析结果表明这些硫化物的Fe含量较高（31.57%~44.59%）,Cu含量次之（0.16%~7.24%）,而Zn含量普遍较低（0.01%~0.11%）;微量元素较为富集Co（328×10-6~2 400×10-6）和Mn（48.5×10-6~1 730×10-6）。该区硫化物中较高含量的Fe、Co与超镁铁质岩热液系统相似,明显高于镁铁质岩热液系统。独特的热液硫化物矿物学特征和元素组成可能与该区普遍出露的地幔岩、橄榄岩蛇纹石化作用以及拆离断层的广泛发育的环境有关。     

Delineation of the 85°E ridge and its structure in the Mahanadi Offshore Basin,Eastern Continental Margin of India (ECMI), from seismic reflection imaging

The passive Eastern Continental Margin of India (ECMI) evolved during the break up of India and East Antarctica in the Early Cretaceous. The 85°E ridge is a prominent linear aseismic feature extending from the Afanasy Nikitin Seamounts northward to the Mahanadi basin along the ECMI. Earlier workers have interpreted the ridge to be a prominent hot spot trail. In the absence of conclusive data, the extension of the ridge towards its northern extremity below the thick Bengal Fan sediments was a matter of postulation. In the present study, interpretation of high resolution 2-D reflection data from the Mahanadi Offshore Basin, located in the northern part of the ridge, unequivocally indicates continuation of the ridge across the continent–ocean boundary into the slope and shelf tracts of the ECMI. Its morphology and internal architecture suggest a volcanic plume related origin that can be correlated with the activity of the Kerguelen hot spot in the nascent Indian Ocean. In the continental region, the plume related volcanic activity appears to have obliterated all seismic features typical of continental crust. The deeper oceanic crust, over which the hot spot plume erupted, shows the presence of linear NS aligned basement highs, corresponding with the ridge, underlain by a depressed Moho discontinuity. In the deep oceanic basin, the ridge influences the sediment dispersal pattern from the Early Cretaceous (?)/early part of Late Cretaceous times till the end of Oligocene, which is an important aspect for understanding the hydrocarbon potential of the basin.     

Soldier crab (Dotilla myctiroides) distribution,food resources and subsequent role in organic matter fate in Ao Tang Khen,Phuket, Thailand

This study aimed to elucidate Dotilla myctiroides (H. Milne-Edwards) food resources and how the soldier crab influences the organic matter composition on the intertidal flat. A preliminary assessment of D. myctiroides size, sex, and population distribution was conducted to clarify the characteristics of the inhabiting population. Overall, D. myctiroides size and abundance was normal across the tidal flat area. Comparison of different sediment types from the soldier crab habitat (surface sediments, igloos, burrow lining, burrow pellets, feeding pellets, and feces) using the fatty acid (FA) analysis technique revealed D. myctiroides removes organic matter via the significantly lower contributions of polyunsaturated FAs, essential FAs, and dinoflagellates in the feeding pellets. Dotilla myctiroides tissue analysis of the hepatopancreas and hindgut in individuals that had been starved for 24 h confirmed not only the consumption of dinoflagellates, but diatoms and macroalgae as well. In addition, the FA metabolism within the digestive system implied the ability of the soldier crab to synthesize highly unsaturated FAs (HUFAs) such as 20:4n–6, 20:5n–3 and 22:6n–3.     

性类固醇激素及其受体在半滑舌鳎性腺分化发育过程中的表达与生理功能

首次用17β-雌二醇(E_2)及其受体(ERα)、睾酮受体(AR)的多克隆抗体在半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevisG(u|¨)nther)性腺分化发育过程中进行免疫细胞化学定位研究。结果表明:在半滑舌鳎原始性腺中已有E_2、ERα和AR的分布和表达;卵原细胞、初级卵母细胞、精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞对E_2及ERα、AR抗体均呈现不同程度的阳性反应,在精细胞和精子中对E_2和ERα呈免疫阴性反应,而AR则一直保持较强表达,揭示了半滑舌鳎性腺中类固醇激素可能通过旁分泌调控机制刺激卵子和精子发育和成熟。性类固醇激素及其受体免疫阳性物定位在生殖细胞的胞质、胞膜和核膜等广泛部位并有表达,在性腺分化和不同发育时期的表达强度有所不同,表明其在性腺分化发育过程各阶段所起生理功能不同。这些结果为证明性类固醇激素及受体参与调节半滑舌鳎性腺分化发育提供了重要形态学新证据。