双参数展开CRP叠加和速度分析方法研究

椭圆展开共反射点(CRP)方法可以获得比常规倾角时差校正(DMO)方法更近似的零偏移距时间剖面和相应CRP速度场.大量研究和实践证实,在非均质性较弱的地区,该方法取得的成果显著.但由于该方法没有考虑速度的横向变化和转换波等情况,当地下介质存在较强非均质性时,该方法不再准确,需要引进反映速度横向变化的双参数(上行波与下行波的平均速度和速度比)进行改进.本文详细推导了引入双参数后的叠加和速度分析算法,并通过数值模型和地震资料处理证实,修正后的算法可以更好地解决地质复杂地区速度建模和叠加成像问题.     

Vertical and horizontal vibrations of a rigid disc on a multilayered transversely isotropic half-space

A half-space containing horizontally multilayered regions of different transversely isotropic elastic materials as well as a homogeneous half-space as the lowest layer is considered such that the axes of material symmetries of different layers and the lowest half-space to be as depth-wise. A rigid circular disc rested on the free surface of the whole half-space is considered to be under a forced either vertical or horizontal vibration of constant amplitudes. Because of the involved integral transforms, the mixed boundary value problems due to mixed condition at the surface of the half-space are changed to some dual integral equations, which are reduced to Fredholm integral equations of second kind. With the help of contour integration, the governing Fredholm integral equations are numerically solved. Some numerical evaluations are given for different combinations of transversely isotropic layers to show the effect of degree of anisotropy of different layers on the response of the inhomogeneous half-space.     

Numerical study on screening of surface waves using a pair of softer backfilled trenches

Vibration screening effectiveness of a pair of in-filled trenches is numerically studied under conditions of plane strain using PLAXIS 2D in a linear elastic, isotropic, and homogeneous half-space acted upon by a steady-state vertical excitation. Barrier efficiency is analyzed in terms of reduction of vertical and horizontal vibration components with respect to the variations in barrier geometry and in-fill material parameters. The geometric features are normalized with respect to Rayleigh wavelength of vibration in soil. The in-fill trench material is considered to be softer and accordingly assigned lower shear wave velocities than the half-space. Non-dimensional design charts are developed and the key parameters participating in wave screening process are identified. Some recommendations are made regarding the optimal selection of these parameters. Comparison with a few published results shows close agreement. Such an isolation scheme may be advantageous in circumstances where a single trench requires unrealistic depth.     

基于周向磁场有限元方法的双侧向测井影响因素分析

电流线分布是评价双侧向测井仪器探测性能的一种辅助手段.通常采用基于电位的有限元数值模拟方法,通过对电位的微分获得电流线的分布,这种处理方法引入了额外误差.为解决此问题,本文提出了一种基于周向磁场强度的有限元方法,通过对视电阻率和电流线的数值模拟验证了新方法的正确性,且新方法在计算电流线方面优于电位法.在此基础上,针对泥浆低侵和高侵两种情况,模拟了深浅侧向测井的视电阻率响应和电流线的分布,分析了侵入带对双侧向测井响应的影响规律.

     

基于3D-FEM的洞穴型地层双侧向测井数值模拟及响应特征研究

洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层非均质性强、电测井响应复杂、测井识别和表征难度大,利用数值模拟方法明确该类储层的电测井响应特征,可为洞穴识别与评价提供理论依据.本文基于三维有限元素法（3D-FEM）,引入边界局部加密技术,实现对复杂球形洞穴的精细刻画与响应精确计算;对比分析井眼钻穿型洞穴和井旁洞穴的双侧向测井响应特征和敏感性,进而考察双侧向测井对两者敏感范围的差异.结果表明：洞穴的存在导致双侧向测井响应明显降低,受洞穴边界及仪器探测深度等影响,井眼钻穿型洞穴双侧向测井曲线复杂,而井旁洞穴曲线呈“抛物线”型;双侧向测井对井眼钻穿型洞穴的敏感性远大于对井旁洞穴的敏感性,深侧向和浅侧向测井最大可对洞穴边界距井壁0.5 m和0.3 m的井旁洞穴敏感.

     

武昌同步卫星信号振幅闪烁功率谱

本文利用自制的微机数据采集与分析系统,处理了1985年12月至1986年6月在武昌接收日本ETS-Ⅱ卫星信标136MHz信号所观测到的振幅闪烁。共分析了133例闪烁功率谱得出,谱指数随闪烁指数S_4的增加有增大的趋势,平均谱指数值为3.1;大多数的对数功率谱曲线都在低频部分平坦或以略小于1的斜率上升,而在高频部分以-2.5～-4.0的斜率迅速下降;有1 3例功率谱在高频部分发生“折断”现象,即负幂律谱有两个谱指数,发生折断的频率f_b约为0.07Hz,相应的电离层不规则结构的空间尺度约为280m。     

渤海北部东岸海风锋活动及其触发对流特征分析

利用常规观测、雷达、卫星及加密自动气象站等资料,对2015年、2018年和2019年渤海北部东岸海风锋活动及其触发的对流特征进行统计分析.结果表明:不同年份渤海北部东岸海风锋活动的差异较大,海风锋主要出现在6—8月,其中7月最多;海风锋可分为沿山型、北部沿海型和混合型3种,其中沿山型占比70％以上,海风锋东移到达沿山地...     

双差分吸收激光雷达:-种能有效减小气溶胶对臭氧测量影响的方法

文中提出了一种新的激光雷达测量臭氧的方法：双差分吸收方法。理论分析和数值模拟表明这种方法可以有效减小气溶胶消光和后向散射对臭氧测量的影响，从而使激光雷达在气溶胶影响严重地区测量的臭氧精度比传统差分吸收激光雷达大大提高。利用（２８９，３１３；２７７．１，２９９．１ｎｍ）或（２６８．４，２８９；２７７．１，２９９．１ｎｍ）４波长进行双差分吸收可以用于对流层大气气溶胶含量丰富或分布不均匀地区臭氧的测量。利用（２９９．１，３４１．５；３０８，３５３ｎｍ）４波长进行双差分吸收可以对火山爆发后平流层臭氧进行较精确的测量。     

Spatial and temporal mapping of water in soil by magnetic resonance imaging

Experiments on model and real soil blocks designed to assess the feasibility of using magnetic resonance imaging for three-dimensional mapping of the time-varying spatial distribution of water in structured soils are reported. The results show that, notwithstanding inherent problems in imaging natural soils with a significant iron content, experimental parameters can be identified which allow satisfactory images to be obtained. Magnetic resonance imaging may therefore provide important information on soil structure and water movement in dual porosity soils, with attendant benefits for the calibration of models of non-Darcian flow in such soils.     

二元区域结构理论的探讨

二元区域结构是发展中社会面临的基本问题之一。本文在系统地回顾和总结二元区域结构理论和方法的基础上,进一步提出和论证:（1）二元区域结构有传统和现代之分,前者以部门-空间分工为基础,后者以等级-空间分工为基础;随着国家经济进入持续增长阶段,传统结构逐渐为现代结构所替代,而并不意味着二元结构的消失;（2）核心-边缘区际增长是不平衡的,但这并不意味着人均收入差异扩大,各个国家区域人均收入差异的变化并没有一个普遍模式;（3）区域一体化是一种综合的区域发展方法,发展中国家区域发展的基本内容,应是逐步建立统一的生产地区专业化体系与统一的商品和要素市场区体系。