Design pressure distributions on the hull of the FLOW wave energy converter

This paper presents a procedure to calculate the design pressure distributions on the hull of a wave energy converter (WEC). Design pressures are the maximum pressure values that the device is expected to experience during its operational life time. The procedure is applied to the prototype under development by Martifer Energy (FLOW—Future Life in Ocean Waves).A boundary integral method is used to solve the hydrodynamic problem. The hydrodynamic pressures are combined with the hydrostatic ones and the internal pressures of the large ballast tanks. The first step consists of validating the numerical results of motions by comparison with measured experimental data obtained with a scaled model of the WEC. The numerical model is tuned by adjusting the damping of the device rotational motions and the equivalent damping and stiffness of the power take-off system. The pressure distributions are calculated for all irregular sea states representative of the Portuguese Pilot Zone where the prototype will be installed and a long term distribution method is used to calculate the expected maximum pressures on the hull corresponding to the 100-year return period.     

梅山龙宫景观资源及其照明设计

本文通过对梅山龙宫地下河洞穴系统空间、水体、次生化学沉积物的调查,揭示了该洞穴“险、幽、秀、奇”的景观资源特征。针对游览洞穴开发应遵循的原则,提出了洞穴的照明设计应遵循“自然、艺术、协调、安全、特色”基本原则,并论述了洞穴照明设计理念,即景区设计理念在于使洞穴空间得到艺术性体现,景点设计在于对景点形态进行艺术造型。此外,该文还论述了运用照明技法在梅山龙宫中的应用。      

干部信息管理系统的需求分析与设计

从软件工程学的角度出发，详细地分析了干部信息管理系统的需求并进行了设计；着重阐述了该系统的数据流图、数据词典以及系统的模块结构图     

研究堆构筑物抗震设计中的地震反应谱对比分析

本文介绍了国际原子能机构（IAEA）的TECDOC—1347推荐使用的适用于不同地震烈度、不同场地类型的设计地震反应谱。通过与RG 1.60及《建筑抗震设计规范》（GB 50011—2010）中的设计反应谱进行对比分析,总结了TECDOC—1347推荐的研究堆设计反应谱的特点。     

网络地图的设计原则

本文从网络地图的特点与功能入手,分析国内外主要地图学网站上的网络地图,结合笔者所进行过的纸质地图与电子地图设计研究及网络地图的设计,总结网络地图的设计特点,提出网络地图的设计原则。认为网络地图不同于一般的电子地图,网络地图的设计应有自己的特点。目前国内外主要地图学网站上的网络地图在地图设计上存在着这样或那样的问题,因此影响了网络地图的信息传输效果,不能发挥其应有的作用。笔者对此进行了分析,结合分析结果,提出了网络地图在界面设计、色彩设计、符号设计、分层设计等方面的设计原则。     

Hierarchical livelihood outcomes among co-managed fisheries

Collaborative management arrangements are increasingly being used in fisheries, yet critical questions remain about the conditions under which these are most successful. Here, we conduct one of the first comprehensive tests of Elinor Ostrom's diagnostic framework for analyzing social–ecological systems to examine how 16 socioeconomic and institutional conditions are related the livelihood outcomes in 42 co-management arrangements in five countries across the Indo-Pacific. We combine recent developments in both theory and modeling to address three key challenges among comparative studies of social–ecological systems: the presence of a large number of explanatory mechanisms, variables operating at multiple scales, and the potential for interactions among socio-economic and institutional factors. We find that resource users were more likely to perceive benefits from co-management when they are more involved in decisions, were aware that humans are causal agents of change in marine systems, were wealthier, were not migrants, were in villages with smaller populations and older co-management arrangements, and had clearly established boundaries. Critically, we quantify a number of key interactions between: wealth, dependence on marine resources, involvement in decision-making, and population size that have strong implications for co-management success in terms of livelihood benefits. This study demonstrates that context plays a critical but identifiable role in co-management success.     

玉瓦水电站闸基渗透参数取值及防渗方案设计优化研究

在水电工程中,防渗形式不仅关系到工程的安全,同时也牢牢控制着工程投资和进度。因此,根据现场实际条件选择合适的防渗形式极为重要。基于此,在充分考虑现场条件的基础上对玉瓦水电站闸基的防渗形式进行了研究和设计优化。主要的研究成果如下：①采用双环试坑注水法对覆盖层第①层的渗透参数进行了复核,结果表明,根据现场抽（注）水试验所确定的该层的渗透系数和允许水力比降建议值是合理的;②因试验数据较少,前期根据工程经验类比所确定的覆盖层第③层的允许水力比降值偏于保守,施工阶段结合颗分试验成果对其进行了进一步复核,将其由0.07～0.10调整为0.10～0.12;③结合调整后的允许水力比降值对设计方案进行了优化,铺盖长度由80m缩减至55m,取得了较大的经济效益。文中所提方法及思路对类似工程设计具有一定的参考价值。     

废弃砖瓦窑厂土地复垦及其生态学原理

废弃砖瓦窑厂土地复垦技术包括工程复垦和生物复垦,在具体实施复垦方案时,要遵循生态学原理。工程复垦阶段,除了使被破坏土地恢复到可供利用的物理状态,还要考虑改善生态环境和生物多样性;生物复垦阶段,要按照生物与环境协同进化原理、生态结构稳定性与功能协调性等原理,采用施肥法、绿肥法、微生物法、管理法恢复土壤肥力与生物生产能力。淮安市淮安区范集镇大花村在废弃砖瓦窑厂土地复垦项目中,依据生态学理论,因地制宜,采取适宜的方案进行土地复垦,实现了生态环境的良性循环及土地资源的可持续利用。     

GPS归心盘的一种新设计

分析了GPS测点的现状,论述了进行GPS归心盘优化设计的必要性及新设计GPS归心盘的主要特点,简要叙述了GPS归心盘在重庆市GPS建设中的应用情况及良好效果,为今后的高精度GPS建设提供了一种方法经验。     

地质灾害治理工程后评价方法

建立了地质灾害治理工程勘查、设计、施工、监理和建设单位各参与方的后评价标准,分别对各参与方进行评价后,根据各参与方重要性进行权重赋值,最终确定综合得分及评价等级。该后评价方法对所有参与单位均有约束力,有利于提高地质灾害治理工程质量管理。该后评价方法操作性强,评价结果与实际相符,可为政府及决策管理部门进行地质灾害勘查、设计、施工及监理等管理提供参考。