Analysis of types and changes of village-level economy in rural Gongyi city,Henan Province since 1990

Based on the research on the rural living standard in China in terms of annual net income per capita, we define six types of village-level economy, i.e. ＂to be extremely poor＂, ＂to make a basic living＂, ＂to dress warmly and eat one＇s fill＂, ＂to try to enrich （to disengage poverty）＂, ＂to be well-off＂ and ＂to be affluent＂. The data of average annual net income of all the 292 villages between 1990 and 2004 in rural Gongyi City, Henan Province were collected, verified and classified. By using standard deviation, coefficient of variation and regression analysis, it is found that the Gongyi＇s rural economy has boosted up remarkably from the relative-poverty and absolute-poverty stages in 1990 to the well-off in 2004. However, the absolute differences between villages present a trend of enlargement, while the relative differences fluctuating. On the other hand, spatial analysis of village-level economy shows that most villages with relatively high economic development level were located along national expressway and most villages with absolute-poverty lay in remote mountainous areas in 1990. Since the 1990s, the rapid urbanization and industrialization have had strongly positive effects on rural economic growth. Initial economic foundation, natural resources and traditional techniques also contribute to village economy. From the perspective of geography, villages with location advantages, such as near urban center or industrial parks, have more chances for their economic development and the ＂core-periphery＂ economic structure has been presented in the process of rural development.     

构件模型库的客家古村落三维建模方法——以白鹭古村为例

针对客家历史的重要载体--客家古村落正在面临着被破坏甚至消亡的风险问题,该文对其开展了三维建模方法研究,以进行数字化保护。通过分析客家古村落的建筑特点,首先对客家古村落中的建筑群整体布局展开研究,合理划分出单体古建筑;其次,将单体古建筑拆分成不同类型的子构件并研究各自建模规则,创建了面向客家古村落的建模体系与框架;最后采用CityEngine的规则建模技术为主,结合3DS Max三维建模软件,对子构件进行三维精细建模,构建了基于模型库的客家古村落三维建模方法。并以白鹭古村为例,利用此方法完成了白鹭古村古建筑群的三维精细模型的展示,并开发出了白鹭古村三维仿真系统。实验表明:该方法能够大大提高三维建模效率,快速完成对客家古村落的三维建模。     

Space Changes in the Rural Tourism Area of Mufu Town,Hubei Province,China

In a society dominated by tourism consumption, space changes occurring in rural areas can generally reflect their social changes. On the theoretical basis of flow, regeneration and adaptation of rural tourism space, this paper originally and creatively proposes that the spatial elements in a rural tourist area can be classified into three categories: Attractions (A), Towns (T) and Villages (V). By analyzing the spatial transformation characteristics of A, T and V, five types of rural spatial transition modes are found, the types of heritage, theme park, those serving as scenic spots, leisure industrial clusters and ecotourism areas. These different classes emerge due to their geographical differentiation. They show the same spatial evolution trend: The Attractions are distributed throughout the whole area and characterized by diversification; supporting services facilities gather in the Towns; and the Villages are landscape images. In this area the traditional rural benefit trends toward that of compound development. Mufu Town, Hubei province, is taken as a study case, and the changing characteristics of A, T and V from 2006 to 2016 are described. Problems in the process of establishing the new spatial order are considered. In order to realize the synergy between production space, living space and ecological space, the interactive development between Attractions, Towns and Villages is recommended. The perspective of Attraction-Town-Village (ATV) can lead to a better understanding of the situation of tourism space in rural areas and provide directions for thinking about the reconstruction path for the modernization of traditional societies.     

中文村名俗称与规范名称的匹配算法

随着数字化的发展,越来越多的应用要求通过采用自然语言文字描述直接找到对应的详细的地址信息,并能够在空间位置上进行显示,即地名地址匹配空间化过程。然而,现今在地名的规范化角度还存在着很多问题,在乡镇或街道办及以上的行政等级的命名中都已基本规范统一,但是在村庄级的命名中还有待进一步的完善。所以本文通过对国内外文献研究,规范村名命名规律,匹配算法研究进一步加深中文村名俗称与规范名称的匹配算法的研究。     

基于场域理论的城中村村民市民化研究——以广州猎德复建房社区为例

以广州市猎德复建房社区为案例,运用布迪厄的场域理论,剖析改造后村民市民化进程问题;并基于问卷调查数据和深度访谈资料,采用描述性统计和质性分析方法,从经济融合、社会文化适应、结构融合和身份认同4个维度探讨村民的市民化水平。结果表明,由于村社共同体这一特定场域的延续,村民经济资本转化不畅,村民的社会、文化和象征性资本相对匮乏以及村民既有惯习的固化和自我改变动力的缺失,尽管村民在改造后经济状况、行为方式、思想观念等均有一定程度的提升,但村民仍处于“半市民化”状态,在经济融合层面就业难题尚未解决,在社会文化适应层面老一辈村民的思维和行为方式固化,在结构融合层面社会网络拓展受阻,在身份认同层面对市民角色的认识不足。在城中村改造过程中,政府应当兼顾社会效益与经济效益,大力推进村社共同体转型,并将城中村村民市民化视作长期的社会系统工程,切实提升村民的人力与社会资本,促进村民融入城市社会。     

典型深度贫困县贫困格局及影响因素分析——以海伦市为例

深度贫困县是实施精准扶贫工作的重点区域,客观分析深度贫困县贫困格局及其影响因素,可以为制定扶贫策略提供科学依据。论文以黑龙江省海伦市为研究区,基于空间分析和数理统计方法,探索以贫困村和贫困人口为核心的贫困格局及其影响因素。结果表明：① 作为深度贫困县,海伦市贫困村和贫困人口均具有不平衡性,贫困村和贫困人口格局既具有关联性,又具有差异性;② 海伦市贫困村集中分布在150~250 m地形过渡地带,呈现多核心带状式分布态势;③ 海伦市贫困人口分布格局是自然因素与人文因素综合作用的结果,自然地理及农业生产、农村基础设施及社会福利因素是直接影响贫困人口分布格局的关键因素。建议从加强农业农村基础设施建设、提升抵御自然灾害能力,加快种植业结构调整和布局优化、提升农村产业发展水平,提升社会保障水平、降低致贫返贫风险,优化居民点体系、推动乡村各类要素的空间重组、结构重塑、功能重调等方面加强精准扶贫和乡村振兴工作。     

地理信息技术支持的“多规合一”——以常州市新北区为例

开展"多规合一"是推进生态文明建设、新型城镇化建设,落实供给侧改革的必然要求。本文以地理信息技术为基础,以土地利用规划为底盘,统一城乡规划、环保规划、农业发展规划等的空间基础;以经济社会发展规划为目标协调各规划,划定永久基本农田保护红线、生态保护红线、城市开发边界,实施严格的空间管控。最后,以常州市新北区为试验区,分析各规划的差异并落实重点项目,引导国土空间有序开发,优化资源空间配置,形成国土空间开发规划"一张图"。     

非洲旅游业发展与布局研究

本文在分析非洲旅游资源和旅游业状况的基础上，对大力开展观光旅游、积极发展休疗型旅游、努力开拓专题旅游等问题进行了探讨。     

近年国外传统村镇旅游研究进展及启示

近年来,随着传统村镇旅游的日益兴起,有关传统村镇的旅游学研究日益受到学术界重视和关注.总结了国内外关于传统村镇的旅游学研究进展,指出国外研究成果主要集中在传统村镇旅游发展影响研究、传统村镇旅游发展与文化原真性保持之间的关系、传统村镇旅游可持续发展等方面.国内研究与之相比,在研究内容、方法、领域、深度等方面仍有很大差距,有待进一步扩展和深入.今后应注意以下几方面问题:研究内容流于表层,应加强研究领域的延伸和深度的扩展;研究方法、手段较为单一,研究理论和方法焏待提高;理论研究滞后于旅游发展实践的现状焏待改善.     

城乡一体化地籍建设的研究与探讨

本文介绍了现行地籍基础业务体系,在分析其存在的问题的基础上,提出了城乡一体化地籍建设的解决方案,并对建设目标、任务、内容进行了初步的研究与探讨.