我国中低纬度地区Sq焦点的分析与研究

本文利用１９８８年３月－１９８９年３月几次大的太阳活动期间我国９个台站的地磁资料，采用无穷大平板电流的等效电流体系方法，分析了我国中低纬度地区Ｓｑ焦点位置的变化特征，并对照ＫｐＤｓｔ，Ａｐ等指数给出了Ｓｑ焦点位置变化的合理解释。结构表明：（１）在不同的Ｋｐ指数段Ｓｑ焦点有不同的规律性，当Ｋｐ＜４时，随着Ｋｐ指数增大，Ｓｑ焦点向高纬方向移动；当Ｋｐ在４和６之间时，随着Ｋｐ指数增大，Ｓｑ焦点向低纬方向     

利用水文资料推测海洋流场的研究进展

根据研究方法不同的动力学特征及其运用上的差异,利用已知的水文气象资料推测海洋流场的方法可以分成 3类：①描述性方法;②热成风关系式与示踪物守恒相结合的诊断方法;③Sarki syan诊断模式及复杂动力模式。结合南海环流的工作讨论了这些方法的进展情况及在南海环流研究中的作用,并对目前利用水文气象资料推测海洋流场的研究趋势进行了分析。     

国际干旱区研究发展态势简析

基于SCI-E的国际干旱区研究科学计量指标明显上升,灰色预测显示未来仍将保持较大幅度的上升态势；美国是国际干旱区研究的科学活动中心,国际产出力指标居前的机构绝大多数出自美国；中国是国际干旱区研究产出力排名仅次于美国的第二大国；中国科学院是国际干旱区研究连续八年排名第一、产出力最高的科研机构；国际干旱区研究领域已经形成结构稳固、特征显著的核心支撑学科群。     

南海成因研究现状

南海作为西太平洋边缘海中最大的海盆，其成因与欧亚板块、太平洋板块和印度-澳大利亚板块密切相关，而且也是世界上重要的油气产区，成为国内外地质学家长期研究的热点地区之一。本文在前人研究的基础上对南海成因模式进行概括和总结，在此基础上讨论了南海成因模式存在的问题以及今后应重点研究的方面。     

关于晋城市人工影响天气发展的思考

本文分析了晋城市人工影响天气工作的现状,通过与先进地(市)比较,指出了存在的问题,并提出了以下对策:加强人工影响天气工作的领导和科学体系的建设;适应社会发展,拓宽服务领域;加强沟通协调,彻底解决空域申请难的问题;加大科研开发力度,加强人工影响天气队伍建设。     

Method of characteristics in spherical geometry applied to a Harang-discontinuity situation

The method of characteristics for obtaining spatial distributions of ionospheric electrodynamic parameters from ground-based spatial observations of the ground magnetic disturbance and the ionospheric electric field is presented in spherical geometry. The method includes tools for separation of the external magnetic disturbance, its continuation to the ionosphere, and calculation of ionospheric equivalent currents. Based on these and the measured electric field distribution, the ionospheric Hall conductance is calculated as the primary output of the method. By estimating the Hall- to-Pedersen conductance ratio distribution, the remaining ionospheric electrodynamic parameters are inferred. The method does not assume = 0 to allow to study time-dependent situations. The application of this method to a Harang discontinuity (HD) situation on 27 October 1977, 17:39 UT, reveals the following: (1) The conductances at and north of the HD are clearly reduced as compared to the eastern electrojet region. (2) Plasma flow across the HD is observed, but almost all horizontal current is diverted into upward-flowing field-aligned currents (FACs) there. (3) The FACs connected to the Hall currents form a latitudinally aligned sheet with a magnitude peak between the electrically and magnetically defined HD, where break-up arcs are often observed. Their magnitude is larger than that of the more uniformly distributed FACs connected to the Pedersen currents. They also cause the southward shift of the magnetically defined HD with respect to the electrically defined one. (4) A tilt of the HD with respect to geomagnetic latitude as proposed by an earlier study on the same event, which used composite vector plot technique, and by statistical studies, is not observed in our single time-step analysis.Also at: Finnish Meteorological Institute, Geophysical Research, P.O. Box 503, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.     

浅谈地震灾害预报

本文阐述了地震预报与地震灾害预报的相互区别及其相互联系 ,并分析通过自然科学研究与社会科学研究两种途径进行地震灾害预报 ,以达到防震减灾的目的。建议 :加强地震预报与地震灾害预报的管理 ,地震灾害预报只能在具备一定条件的地区进行 ,而不应全面铺开。     

利用数值积分提高一维模型电偶源电磁测深响应计算精度

讨论了直接利用数值积分提高电偶源电磁测深响应计算精度的方法．具体为对Hankel积分进行直接积分，结合连分式展开方法以提高积分求和的收敛速度．利用该方法对均匀半空间和层状(两层)模型的电磁测深响应进行了模拟，结果表明与常规的快速Hankel滤波方法相比，采用直接数值积分能明显提高电偶源频率测深响应计算精度．从而为获得高精度瞬变测深晚期响应提供算法基础．     

Ionospheric Signatures Of Bursty Bulk Flows

While the plasma convection in the Earth's magnetosphere was for a long timeconsidered to consist mostly of laminar flows with wide spatial extents, about adecade ago the phenomenon of bursty bulk flows (BBFs), which now could beunderstood as long, but narrow channels of fast earthward plasma flow in thecentral plasma sheet of the magnetospheric tail, was discovered. Soon after thisit became clear that such events are not exceptional, but a large portion of theearthward plasma flow in the inner part of the magnetospheric tail is organisedin this bursty, intermittent mode. Since the Earth's magnetosphere is connectedby highly conducting magnetic field lines with its ionosphere, the next logicalstep was the search for the ionospheric signatures of BBFs. We review the resultsobtained so far in this young field of Space Physics, in terms of theauroral and ground magnetic signatures caused by BBFs, the particle precipitationto the ionosphere, as well as of the ionospheric electrodynamics of the processesassociated with the BBFs in the magnetosphere. Finally, we briefly review somemodels of ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling with respect to their ability to explainthe ionospheric signatures observed.     

Testing theories of the vertical stratification of the ACC against observations

Recent theories of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) suggest that its lateral and vertical stratification is controlled by its baroclinic instability: eddies in the ACC not only feed-off the available potential energy stored in sloping isopycnals but play a central role is setting up that stratification. Simple theory makes predictions about how the depth of the thermocline in the ACC depends on the surface winds, the air–sea buoyancy flux and transfer by baroclinic eddies. By examining gridded hydrographic data, here we test some of these predictions against observations. We show that, to a remarkable degree, the buoyancy field in the ACC decays exponentially with depth beneath the mixed layer. The e-folding depth increases equatorward, from less than 500 m on the poleward flank of the ACC to greater then 1000 m on its equatorial flank, in a manner that is broadly consistent with the theory.