Monitoring winter wheat growth in North China by combining a crop model and remote sensing data

Both of crop growth simulation models and remote sensing method have a high potential in crop growth monitoring and yield prediction. However, crop models have limitations in regional application and remote sensing in describing the growth process. Therefore, many researchers try to combine those two approaches for estimating the regional crop yields. In this paper, the WOFOST model was adjusted and regionalized for winter wheat in North China and coupled through the LAI to the SAIL–PROSPECT model in order to simulate soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI). Using the optimization software (FSEOPT), the crop model was then re-initialized by minimizing the differences between simulated and synthesized SAVI from remote sensing data to monitor winter wheat growth at the potential production level. Initial conditions, which strongly impact phenological development and growth, and which are hardly known at the regional scale (such as emergence date or biomass at turn-green stage), were chosen to be re-initialized. It was shown that re-initializing emergence date by using remote sensing data brought simulated anthesis and maturity date closer to measured values than without remote sensing data. Also the re-initialization of regional biomass weight at turn-green stage led that the spatial distribution of simulated weight of storage organ was more consistent to official yields. This approach has some potential to aid in scaling local simulation of crop phenological development and growth to the regional scale but requires further validation.     

气候变化对我国小麦地理分布的潜在影响

根据GCM模拟结果，分析了CO2增加对我国小麦生产地理分布的潜在影响。结果表明:在加倍CO2气候下，我国小麦生产区将进一步向北和向西扩展，小麦栽培特点和品种类型也有较大变化。气候增暖可能对东北地区产生有利影响，但在中部和南部则可能产生高温应力。小麦生长期间平均温度的升高，特别是收获前的高温可能会增加对更早熟、更耐热品种的需求。     

解冻速率对作物霜冻害的影响

用人工霜箱研究霜冻危害.霜箱温度控制在-1—1℃，分别模拟解冻速率为0.3℃/10min和1.6℃/10min时的辐射霜夜缓慢降温过程.结果表明霜冻危害程度受作物种类、冻结温度、结冰进程和解冻速率的影响。在某些条件下，缓慢解冻可能使受冻组织恢复，但在另一些条件下则不能.对于不同耐霜性的作物，防霜的着眼点应该是不相同的。