BS－1型机载碘化银发生器的维护与改进

介绍了ＢＳ－１型机载碘化银发生器的基本结构与原理。在实践经验的基础上总结出了各部件的维护方法，并对控制器电路进行了改进。     

The PM10and PM2·5 dust generation potential of soils/sediments in the Southern Aral Sea Basin, Uzbekistan

The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of the major soil/sediment surfaces in the Southern Aral Sea Basin to the dust generation potential of this region. Eight crusts and soils/sediments from seven sites, representative of these surfaces, were sampled in the field and their major characteristics (particle size distribution, organic carbon content, carbonate content, salt content and composition) that are related to dust generation, were determined. The PM₁₀ and PM_2·5 dust generation potential of the materials was determined in the laboratory using the Lubbock Dust Generation, Analysis and Sampling System (LDGASS). The highest amount of PM₁₀ dust (579·3 mg.m⁻³) was generated from the Takyr crust material. The lowest by one Solonchak salt crust material (39·6 mg.m⁻³). Salt crusts from the desiccated Aral Sea bottom generated intermediate amounts of dust.The experimental results indicate that the Takyrs and Takyr-like soils, that occupy over 1 million ha in the Southern Aral Sea Basin, constitute the surfaces with the highest potential for being the source for the severe dust storms of the area. Second to the Takyr soils, the Solonchaks and Solonchak-like soils, also with an extent of over 1 million ha, contribute highly saline dust. To these must be added a large, as yet uncharted, proportion of the approximately 4 million ha of exposed sea bed, that exhibit Solonchak-like characteristics.     

Stochastic modeling of daily precipitation in China

A stochastic model for daily precipitation simulation in China was developed based on the framework of a 'Richardson-type' weather generator that is an important tool in studying impacts of weather/climate on a variety of systems including ecosystem and risk assessment. The purpose of this work is to develop a weather generator for applications in China. The focus is on precipitation simulation since determination of other weather variables such as temperature is dependent on precipitation simulation. A framework of first order Markov Chain with Gamma Distribution for daily precipitation is adopted in this work. Based on this framework, four parameters of precipitation simulation for each month at 672 stations all over China were determined using daily precipitation data from 1961 to 2000. Compared with previous works, our estimation for the parameters was made for more stations and longer observations, which makes the weather generator more applicable and reliable. Spatial distributions of the four parameters are analyzed in a regional climate context. The seasonal variations of these parameters at five stations representing regional differences are discussed. Based on the estimated monthly parameters at 672 stations, daily precipitations for any period can be simulated. A 30-year simulation was made and compared with observations during 1971-2000 in terms of annual and monthly statistics. The results are satisfactory, which demonstrates the usefulness of the weather generator.     

用于超宽带信号数据采集的高精度可编程定时器研究

超宽带信号的数字化在很大程度上取决于采样时刻的准确性，因此是否具有高精度的可编程定时器是实现超宽带信号数据采集的关键。本文基于斜波发生器原理实现了高精度可编程定时电路，可编程计数范围为16bit，实际最小定时单位达8ps，折合采样频率高达50GHz，迄今为止尚未有关于同样指标产品的报道。该定时器已应用于作者研制的地质雷达信号数据采集系统中，取得了很好的实际应用效果。     

地面碘化银烟炉在山区人工增雨中的应用

2001～2002年6～7月连续两年，在中天山北坡山区的乌鲁木齐河和头屯河流域利用地面碘化银烟炉进行了播云催化地形云试验。本文主要介绍地面碘化银烟炉在山区增雨试验中的应用。     

Spectral simulation of multivariable stationary random functions using covariance fourier transforms

A coregionalization simulation consists of the generation of realizations of a group of spatially related random variables. The Fourier integral method is presented, modified to carry out such a multivariable simulation. This method allows the simulation of realizations with any specified symmetrical covariance matrix and it is not limited to the classic linear model of coregionalization. The results of gaussian nonconditinal simulations from a case study modeling the spatial characteristics of a layer of coal are given.     

气泡内水汽平衡研究与气泡法饱和盐湿度发生器的原理

气泡具有密封性好、其内部水汽平均扩散距离小的特点, 因此, 其内部很容易达到水汽平衡, 利用这个特点的气泡法饱和盐湿度发生器, 与通常饱和盐湿度发生器比较具有效率高的突出优点。该文重点定量分析了气泡内水汽平衡条件; 定性分析了在发生湿度过程中其他重要物理效应。利用General Eastern公司M4型露点仪作为标准器, 实测试验装置输出湿度与试验装置标称湿度之间差值的绝对值不大于1.0%。     

用MCS-51汇编实现BCH码的编码与译码

探讨在数据通信中用软件算法进行编码、解码和差错控制,以代替硬件功能。BCH码是通信中较为成熟的一种编码,文中详细介绍了用编程实现BCH[15,7]的编码、纠错与译码的原理,并给出了在51系列单片机上的算法流程与汇编语言源程序。在纠错译码方面采用了捕错译码法,收到了较好的效果。     

SWAT模型中天气发生器与数据库构建及其验证

提出了通过日照时数和太阳辐射量的相关关系来估算逐日辐射量的方法。采用日平均温度和日平均湿度来计算日露点温度，以建立SWAT模型天气发生器。采用插值方法对土壤粒径进行转换，并利用SPAW程序估算土壤水特性参数，建立了SWAT模型土壤属性库。将构建的SWAT模型应用于潮河上游下会水文站以上流域的水文过程模拟，月效率系数≥0．91，确定性系数≥0．93，取得了非常好的模拟效果。结果表明在缺乏详细的气象和土壤数据情况下，可以构建SWAT模型进行水文模拟研究。