一次CINRAD/SA雷达发射机功率偏低故障的分析及处理

发射机是CINRAD/SA雷达的重要组成部分,由于结构复杂,长期处于连续高压强电的工作状态,其故障率往往是几个分机系统中最高的,而且发射机系统的故障基本都是强迫整机瘫痪的"不可工作"级别的恶性故障,严重影响日常的观测业务.基于CINRAD/SA雷达发射功率一次异常的陡降现象,深入分析其原因,发现高频脉冲形成器的损坏导致脉冲宽度变小,脉冲信号的占空比也随之减小,从而引起发射功率的下降.同时,对故障源的查找、定位方法也做了详细的阐述.     

应用计算机制作网点胶片

本文详细叙述了应用计算机技术制作高分辨率印刷网点胶片的原理和方法,重点对印刷胶片网点的的计算机构造、网点角度调整、网点模式设计及其计算机表示进行了讨论。并对计算机网点胶片制作的实现作具体介绍。     

SWAT分布式流域水文物理模型的改进及应用研究

SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) 模型是一个集成遥感 (RS)、地理信息系统 (GIS) 和数字高程模型(DEM)技术的先进的分布式流域水文物理模型。为了推动该模型在中国的适应性研究及应用,并改进模型以提高水文模拟的精度,针对模型在中国西北寒旱区的黑河流域和中西部温润的汉江流域的水文模拟中发现的问题进行了扩充和改进,增加了土壤粒径转换模块和天气发生器(WGEN)数据预处理模块,改进了模型中的WGEN算法、潜在蒸散量模拟算法以及气象参数的空间离散方法。利用扩充和改进后的模型对汉江褒河上游江口流域的降雨-径流过程进行了系统的研究。结果表明,不仅模型的使用效率有明显提高,而且改进后模型的效率系数和相关系数也比改进前有较大改善。     

新型AgI末端燃烧器在北京飞机增雨作业中的使用分析

就2004年4～9月,北京飞机人工增雨探测作业试验中,新型AgI末端燃烧器在“夏延-ⅢA”飞机上的使用和数据记录进行了分析,讨论了如何利用夏延飞机搭载的仪器和辅助记录手段进行作业状况记录,对机上观测人员在记录催化作业时的常见问题提出了解决方案,并就数码相机在作业状况记录中的使用做了介绍。总结了一套可行的作业数据记录方案。     

Research on Spatial Uniformity of Rainfall Generator

In order to improve the spatial uniformity of rainfall generator to natural rainfall uniformity, according to the rotation of the test platform, a rotary test platform was designed and developed, and the slip-ring was used to solve the problem of signal transmission in the process of the rotation. Besides, the relationship between rotational speed and spatial uniformity of rainfall generator was established. The results of tipping-bucket rain gauge tested in rainfall field and flow type rainfall intensity standard device testing demonstrated that rainfall generator as the rainfall accumulation and rainfall intensity of the test environment was feasible. Results showed that with the increase of the rotate speed, spatial uniformity first increased, and then decreases, and with the decrease of the test area, different speed presented different trends. When the rotational speed was 1 RPM, test area was 1.6 m×1.6 m and 1.2 m×1.2 m, its uniformity of rainfall generator reached maximum which was bigger than 95%; with the increase of the rotate speed, tipping-bucket rain gauge of RA and RI were of good consistency under the RPM 1 and RPM 2 and the RA maximum deviation reached minimum, 0.2 mm; the average of RA under flow type rainfall intensity standard device test consisted well with rotating test platform at speed RPM 1 and 2, which illustrated the rotary testing platform was consistent with the flow type rainfall intensity standard device. It showed that the method to improve the space uniformity of rainfall generator is feasible and it could find the dynamic difference of RA.     

RSN符号代码及其在水系地貌特征提取中的应用

研究了自相似河网模型的发生元构成,提出用符号代码标识RSN的初始元和发生元,这种代码依据三个参数:河网的价、发生的元节点数、外链分叉夹角。给出了由此代码计算地貌特征的流程图。采用四种常用内链和外链发生元作为发生元,利用模拟流域基于宽度函数的地貌瞬时单位线为优化目标生成RSN,并计算其地貌特征。     

A spatio-temporal method for crime prediction using historical crime data and transitional zones identified from nightlight imagery

ABSTRACT

Accurate crime prediction can help allocate police resources for crime reduction and prevention. There are two popular approaches to predict criminal activities: one is based on historical crime, and the other is based on environmental variables correlated with criminal patterns. Previous research on geo-statistical modeling mainly considered one type of data in space-time domain, and few sought to blend multi-source data. In this research, we proposed a spatio-temporal Cokriging algorithm to integrate historical crime data and urban transitional zones for more accurate crime prediction. Time-series historical crime data were used as the primary variable, while urban transitional zones identified from the VIIRS nightlight imagery were used as the secondary co-variable. The algorithm has been applied to predict weekly-based street crime and hotspots in Cincinnati, Ohio. Statistical tests and Predictive Accuracy Index (PAI) and Predictive Efficiency Index (PEI) tests were used to validate predictions in comparison with those of the control group without using the co-variable. The validation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm with historical crime data and urban transitional zones increased the correlation coefficient by 5.4% for weekdays and by 12.3% for weekends in statistical tests, and gained higher hit rates measured by PAI/PEI in the hotspots test.     

PANDOROS高压发生器Jmax灯亮故障检修

本文分析了引发Ｊｍａｘ灯亮的三种原因。即Ｘ线管电流检测回路Ｒ３３电位计故障；ＫＶ参数值产生回路Ｖ２４管击穿故障，以及灯丝初级加热回路Ｖ２管软击穿故障，所以导致的高压发生器低电流保护，Ｊｍａｘ灯亮，不同的是前二项原因使曝光开始即刻Ｊｍａｘ灯亮。     

The concentration of urban crime in space by race: evidence from South Africa

Crime inequality in neighborhoods by race is blamed on social inequalities borne out of segregation and economic discrimination. South Africa is a country synonymous with racial-spatial segregation and discrimination as a result of legislatively enforced policies of the former apartheid government. This study examines whether urban crime inequalities by race exist in the city of Tshwane, South Africa and identifies the empirical causes of these crime inequalities. Violent and sexual crime was found to concentrate in Black African neighborhoods, while property crime was concentrated in neighborhoods classified as “Mixed”. The causes of crime in neighborhoods were found to vary across racial groups with results suggesting non-uniformity in the extent to which the various constructs impact crime based on race. The results challenge the notion that segregation and economic discrimination uniformly impacts affected communities. Explanations for the findings are provided in the context of an increasingly eclectic post-apartheid South African city.     

A new approach to simulate positional error of line segment in GIS

To determine the distribution of positional error of a line segment, Monte Carlo approach is applied to simulate the probability density function of a line segment with the assumption that the error of endpoints in a line segment follows a two-dimensional normal distribution. For such purpose, a stochastic generator used for uncertain endpoints with the two-dimensional normal distribution is presented. This forms the basis of the generation of random line segment for the simulation of the error model of a whole line segment. The error models cover the cases where two endpoints are either independent or dependent to each other, also including a special case that the distance between two random endpoints in a line segment is close enough.