多级多源控制点影像数据库建立数据分析与处理

地面控制点GCP（Ground Control Point）是表达地理空间位置的信息数据,归结为空间位置坐标、点位局部影像、点位特征描述及说明（点之记）、辅助信息。本文基于＂多级多源控制点影像数据库系统的建立研究＂课题,重点阐述多级多源控制点（GCP）的数据内容及形式、数据的获取方法、数据的组织方案及数据库的概念设计。     

我国防控外来物种入侵的立法思考

我国防控外来物种入侵相关法律缺乏应有的系统性和协调性,各职能部门基本上是"各立各的法、各管各的事",有时甚至相互矛盾。相关法律、法规比较分散,立法角度也不相同,不能全面地解决和控制外来入侵种对我国可能造成的生态、经济和健康的破坏,需要着手研究《防止外来物种入侵法》的立法。本文尝试性地对外来物种入侵的相关法律、法规进行考察和分析,并对构建防止外来物种的入侵提出立法思考,为制定《防止外来物种入侵法》提出立法原则和理论参考。     

Evolution of Late Oligocene - Early Miocene attached and isolated carbonate platforms in a volcanic ridge context (Maldives type), Yadana field,offshore Myanmar

This study investigates the stratigraphic evolution of the Late Oligocene - Early Miocene carbonate platforms of the Yadana area (offshore Myanmar). Well data, regional 2D and local 3D seismic surveys allow the identification of three shallow-water carbonate platforms (Yadana, 3DF and 3DE) showing various morphologic and stratigraphic patterns influenced by the presence of a paleohigh. The identification of seven seismic sequences in the Yadana area constrains the stratigraphic evolution in three stages: (1) development of aggrading attached and isolated platforms during the Chattian; (2) a period of platform emersion during the Oligocene - Miocene transition; (3) drowning of the smaller buildup (3DE) associated with km-scale backstepping on the large platforms (3DF and Yadana) during the Aquitanian. The Aquitanian marks the onset of renewed volcanic activity associated with the development of fringing carbonate reefs during the Burdigalian. The rapid (∼6 My) development of these wide (∼5–70 km) and thick (∼300–850 m) carbonate platforms has been mainly controlled by the subsidence. However, the results highlight a strong overprint of eustatic fluctuations on the rates of change in accommodation, and hence on the stratigraphic architecture of the carbonate platforms. Based on an alternative model for the Cenozoic geodynamic evolution of the Yadana area, our results suggest that the platforms developed on a volcanic ridge of hotspot origin located in the Indian Ocean and not on a volcanic arc. Subduction jump processes are interpreted to have played a key role in the demise of all platforms by drastically changing the paleoenvironmental conditions during the Early Miocene, and led to the present-day location of the Yadana Ridge in a back-arc setting. The carbonate platforms from the Yadana area are thus a representative example of the interplay between global mechanisms and local paleoenvironmental parameters on carbonate platform initiation, growth and demise.     

云南建水荒田铅锌矿控矿因素

已探明7个铅锌矿体,赋存在上二叠统玄武岩／下二叠统灰岩接触带,接触带角砾岩为容矿岩石,且强烈重晶石化蚀变,可作为找矿标志。     

腾冲勐蚌铌钽锡矿矿床成矿地质条件

矿床含两条脉状物,分别赋存于燕山晚期第一阶段(V1)和第二阶段(V2)花岗岩云英岩化带中,V1为半风化、全风化铌钽矿,V2则为原生锡矿。共生黑钨矿、白钨矿。成因与构造、中酸性侵入岩密切相关。     

昆明新机场南区岩溶分布规律及稳定性评价

对大量钻探、物探资料进行研究,系统分析场地岩溶分布规律,对岩溶地基稳定性进行系统评价,为新机场南区工程建设提供重要依据。     

甘肃西部北山区断裂构造对地下水的控制作用

甘肃西部北山区经历了多期构造运动,水文地质条件异常复杂,断裂构造严格控制着区内地下水的分布、埋藏及运动规律,主干断裂带与支干断裂的交汇部位、沟谷与断裂交汇带、新构造运动形成的沉降带及坳陷盆地等有利于地下水的赋存,可作为供水水源地水文地质勘探靶区。     

塔里木盆地群苦恰克地区泥盆系东河塘组下段储层特征及控制因素

从储层的微观特征入手,通过对岩石的铸体薄片、扫描电镜、物性等资料分析,结合区域地质特征研究认为:群苦恰克地区东河塘组下段为一套临滨-前滨相砂岩,以细粒石英砂岩、极细-细粒岩屑石英砂岩为主,结构成熟度及成分成熟度高,储集空间组合以残余原生粒间孔 粒内溶蚀孔为主.储层孔隙度一般为4%~14%,平均7.92%,渗透率一般小于0.110-3~10×10-3μm2,平均为2.41×10-3μm2,总体属于Ⅳ—Ⅲ类储层,但在局部井区(群6、群4)存在相对优质的Ⅱ类储层.成岩压实、胶结作用是储层物性的主控因素,压实减孔一般19%~25%,平均达22.3%.胶结减孔量达3%~6%,致密胶结段可达9%~13%.相对优质储层的发育是多种地质因素共同影响作用的结果,其中刚性石英碎屑颗粒(70%~94%)的抗压实作用是基础,早期烃类流体注入及中弱程度的胶结作用是重要因素,粘土矿物薄膜的发育是关键.     

Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for prediction of water level in reservoir

Accurate prediction of the water level in a reservoir is crucial to optimizing the management of water resources. A neuro-fuzzy hybrid approach was used to construct a water level forecasting system during flood periods. In particular, we used the adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to build a prediction model for reservoir management. To illustrate the applicability and capability of the ANFIS, the Shihmen reservoir, Taiwan, was used as a case study. A large number (132) of typhoon and heavy rainfall events with 8640 hourly data sets collected in past 31 years were used. To investigate whether this neuro-fuzzy model can be cleverer (accurate) if human knowledge, i.e. current reservoir operation outflow, is provided, we developed two ANFIS models: one with human decision as input, another without. The results demonstrate that the ANFIS can be applied successfully and provide high accuracy and reliability for reservoir water level forecasting in the next three hours. Furthermore, the model with human decision as input variable has consistently superior performance with regard to all used indexes than the model without this input.     

Well productivity controlling factors in crystalline terrains of southeastern Brazil

Over the last decades, increasing water demands have fostered research to obtain high well yields in crystalline terrains where, besides the intrinsic properties of rocks, the groundwater flow depends on several factors. The depth of the wells, the lithotypes, the presence and thickness of sedimentary coverings and weathered layers, the landforms, the geological structures, and the effects of tectonic stresses are among the most investigated factors considered as determinant of well productivity. The influence of these factors on productivity of wells that exploit the Crystalline Aquifer System in the Jundiaí River Catchment, southeastern Brazil, is investigated in this work. The largest region of the studied area is located on the Precambrian Basement, partially covered by sedimentary deposits. The results show that the sedimentary deposits and the weathered layer are important for high well yield, but it also depends on the existence of a net of open fractures, in order to maintain high productivity. The sites that have more possibility of occurrence of such structures are the regional shear and fault zones and other minor structures with NW–SE and E–W directions, which characterize areas subjected to transtensional stress related to the neotectonics.