Detrital zircon ages and Hf isotopic compositions of metasedimentary rocks in the Wuqia area of Southwest Tianshan,NW China: implications for the early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Tianshan orogenic belt

ABSTRACT

The Chinese Southwest Tianshan Orogenic Belt is located along the boundary between the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) and the Tarim Block (TB), NW China. It records the convergence of the Tarim Block and the Middle Tianshan, and is, therefore, a crucial region for understanding the Eurasia continental growth and evolution. The Wulagen (geographical name) metasedimentary rocks of the Wuqia area (mainly metamorphic sandstones and mica schists) form one of the metamorphic terranes in the Southwestern Tianshan Orogenic Belt. The geochronology of these rocks is poorly known, which hampers our understanding of the tectonic evolution of the belt. We analyzed 517 zircon grains for detrital zircon U–Pb dating and 93 zircon grains for in situ Lu–Hf isotopic compositions from the Wulagen metasedimentary rocks. The analyzed zircon grains yield Neoarchean to late Paleozoic U–Pb ages with major age peaks at ~2543 Ma, 1814 Ma, 830 Ma, 460 Ma, and the youngest cluster of zircon (magmatogene) ages is 395 Ma. The zircon U–Pb data show that the late Paleozoic (Early Devonian) is the maximum depositional age of the Wulagen metasedimentary rocks, rather than the previously considered Precambrian period. The zircons with Paleozoic ages yield εHf(t) values of ?22.0 to +11.3 and two-stage model ages (TDM₂) of 3.95 to 1.30 Ga, suggesting that the parental magmas were formed from partial melting of pre-existing crustal rocks. Our zircon U–Pb geochronology and Hf isotopic data indicate the major source regions for the Wulagen metasedimentary rocks was the Kyrgyzstan North Tianshan. The zircon age population of 600–400 Ma (peak at ~460 Ma) has negative εHf(t) values (?15.0 to ?0.6) and Mesoproterozoic two-stage model ages, suggesting that the early Paleozoic magmatism resulted mainly from the melting of ancient crust, which played an important role in crustal evolution in the southern CAOB.     

中华鲟随机扩增多态性DNA及遗传多样性研究

采用随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）技术进行了连续３年（１９９５－１９９７）共７０尾来源于长江水系中华鲟样本遗传分析,共用了４０个１０ｂｐ长的随机引物,在２６种可供分析的引物中,只有ＯＰＫ０１、ＯＰＫ０２、ＯＰＫ０３、ＯＰＫ０９、ＯＰＫ１４和ＯＰＱ０８ＲＡＰＤ－ＰＣＲ产物有多态现象,多态引物占２３％。２６个引物中共扩增出１０８条稳定的ＤＮＡ带。其中１２条带为多态带,多态座位比例为１１．１％。个体间     

广东侨乡外向型经济优势及其地缘背景研究

本文把广东侨乡外向型经济优势与广东籍华侨、侨人的地理分布及其地缘背景联系起来研究。它从地缘政治、地缘经济、地缘文化方面研究了影响地缘战略决策的基本要素，并结合东盟的具体情况对其进行分析、探讨，指出了面向21世纪再创侨乡优势的努力方向。     

中国地理学史编史方法论考察

基于编史学视角对国外地理学史著作的中国部分以及中国地理学史著作的考察,重点论述了实证主义和思想史两类编史方法论特征。考察表明:国外实证主义地理学史以实证主义方法论为核心,是一种普遍主义和进步主义的叙事模式,这种模式里并不存在实质性的中国古代地理学,而中国近代地理学则是欧美地理学的移植。在后历史的立场上,对地理学应作宽泛的理解,实证主义地理学史是建构的历史,中国学者遵循实证主义方法论的重要意义在于建构了中国地理学理性的一面。中国地理学史人文的方面是通过思想史方法论建构起来的,这种方法通过中国古代原有文化体系、观念、概念、材料来认识地理学的发展史,首要的意义是与实证主义建构相反的还原。基于思想史方法论的中国近代地理学史研究表明,中国近代地理学的形成首要的并不是西方地理学的移植,而是自主地基于中国古代传统的学术重构,反映的是中西学术的双向互动,并不是西方地理学的单向传播。     

Supply and Demand Levels for Livestock and Poultry Products in the Chinese Mainland and the Potential Demand for Feed Grains

The widening gap between the supply and demand levels for livestock and poultry products in the Chinese mainland poses a significant challenge to the secure supply of feed grains. Therefore, the accurate prediction of the demand potential for feed grains represents a key scientific issue for ensuring food security in the Chinese mainland. This study is based on an analysis of several factors, such as the Chinese mainland’s output, trade volume, apparent consumption of livestock and poultry products, and two different scenarios for predicting the future demand for feed grains are assessed. The results indicate that output and consumption of livestock and poultry products, as well as the country’s trade deficit and the pressure of the supply and demand balance with respect to these products, have been increasing in recent years. The analysis predicts that the demand for feed grains in the Chinese mainland will reach 425.5 or 389.6 million tons in 2030 based on the two scenarios. This finding indicates that with the increasing demand for livestock and poultry products in the Chinese mainland, the demand for feed grains will continue to increase, and the shortfall in feed grains and raw materials will expand further, especially dependence on external sources of protein-rich feed grains will remain high.     

太行山南端浅层速度结构成像和隐伏断裂探测

利用太行山南端的深地震反射剖面数据,运用初至波层析成像方法反演得到该区域的浅层P波速度结构和基底面展布形态,发现剖面浅部的P波速度变化与沉积盖层厚度和断裂分布有着较好的对应关系。利用跨断裂完成的浅层地震反射剖面,对区域内2条第四纪隐伏活动断裂进行高分辨率成像。结果表明,汤西断裂为东倾的正断层,控制汤阴地堑的西边界,活动年代为中更新世;汤东断裂为西倾的正断层,是汤阴地堑的主控边界断裂,活动年代为晚更新世。     

广东华侨文化旅游开发战略研究

华侨文化堪称世界多元文化交融的典范.广东作为中国最大的侨乡,华侨移民历史悠久,华侨文化积淀深厚,但相应的旅游资源整合与系统规划明显缺位,旅游产品开发乏力.在对广东华侨文化资源禀赋特色、旅游开发现状及存在问题进行系统分析的基础上,从战略层面提出了全方位的开发思路与对策:实施政府主导战略;构筑运作有序的华侨文化旅游网络;打好"世遗"牌以提高广东华侨文化旅游开发的价值品位;拓宽华侨文化旅游开发视野;积极创新华侨文化旅游开发体制与开发模式.     

罗霄山区旅游扶贫效应的居民感知与态度研究——以湖南汝城国家森林公园九龙江地区为例

旅游扶贫应立足于贫困人口的获利和发展,其核心是使贫困人口从旅游开发中获得更多的发展机会和净利益。以居民感知理论为基础,对汝城国家森林公园九龙江地区居民进行问卷调查,采用因子分析法和数理统计法,分析当地居民对旅游扶贫效应的感知和态度。研究结果表明:当地居民对旅游扶贫的社会和经济效应感知明显,对环境效应不敏感,参与旅游业的意愿强,但受经济、文化等因素制约,实际参与能力不足。建议当地政府将旅游业培育成特色产业,以居民受益为出发点,对居民进行扶持与引导,鼓励居民参与旅游开发与决策,并注重资源开发与保护相结合,以期实现贫困人口脱贫和旅游发展的双赢。     

基于中资商业银行全球空间扩展的世界城市网络及其影响因素

世界城市及其网络是近20多年来国际上城市研究的重要方向。现有研究主要反映了发达国家高级生产者服务业企业主导下的世界城市网络,针对中国等新兴经济体经济动力影响下的世界城市网络的研究明显不足。以在全球快速扩展中的中资商业银行为对象,利用改进的链锁网络模型,分析了1978年以来中资商业银行境外扩展的时空变化,及其连接下的世界城市网络的空间结构变迁。结果显示：中资商业银行的全球扩展,强化了中国主要城市与西欧和北美核心金融中心城市、全球的区域性门户城市、以及亚太地区的世界城市之间的联系,对不同阶段全球的世界城市网络的发展产生了日益重要的影响。中国的对外经济、人员以及政府间的联系,是影响中资商业银行全球扩展与世界城市网络格局的主要原因。     

Runoff and sediment yield from land under various uses in a Mediterranean mountain area: long‐term results from an experimental station

In this study we analyzed runoff and sediment yield from land under various traditional and current land uses in Mediterranean mountain areas, using long‐term data from an experimental station in the Aísa Valley, Central Spanish Pyrenees. Monitoring at this station has provided 20 years of data that can help explain the hydrological and geomorphological changes that have been observed at larger spatial scales, and also the changes that have occurred to some of the most characteristic landscapes of the Mediterranean middle mountains. In spite of the problems associated with the use of small experimental plots, the results obtained are consistent with other studies in the Mediterranean region, and confirm the strong influence of land use changes on runoff generation and sediment yield. The results indicate that: (i) cereal cultivation on steep slopes (both alternating cereal cultivation and fallow on sloping fields and shifting agriculture on the steepest slopes) represents a major problem for soil conservation. This explains the occurrence throughout the Mediterranean mountains of many degraded hillslopes, which show evidence of sheet wash erosion, rilling, gullying and shallow landsliding; (ii) farmland abandonment has led to a marked reduction in runoff and sediment yield as a consequence of rapid plant recolonization, particularly by dense shrubs; (iii) the natural transformation of abandoned fields into grazing meadows has reduced runoff and sediment yield. Land use trends in the Mediterranean mountains are mainly characterized by generalized farmland abandonment and a decrease in livestock pressure. From a hydrological and geomorphological point of view the main consequences have been a reduction in overland flow from the hillslopes, and a reduction in sediment sources, with differences up to one order of magnitude in sediment yield from dense shrub cover and grazing meadow areas compared with areas under shifting agriculture. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.