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71.
本文系统论述了国家地震局的科技成果奖励政策及其特点并介绍了10年来的执行状况。 地震系统建立的国家级、部委级及基层级(厅局级)三个层次的奖励体系是合理有效和可行的,它进一步调动了地震系统广大科技人员的积极性和创造性,促进了地震科技工作的发展。 相似文献
72.
ABSTRACTEnvironmental flow standards are a management tool that can help to protect the ecosystem services sustained by rivers. Although environmental flow requirements can be assessed using a variety of methods, most of these methods require establishing relationships between flow and habitat of species of concern. Here, we conducted a synthesis of past flow–ecology studies in the southeast USA. For each state or interstate river basin, we used the published data to determine the flow metrics that resulted in the greatest changes in ecological metrics, and the ecological metrics that were most sensitive to hydrologic alteration. The flow metrics that were most important in preserving ecological metrics were high-flow duration and frequency, 3-day maximum and minimum, and number of reversals. The ecological metrics most sensitive to hydrologic alteration were mostly related to presence or absence of key indicator species. 相似文献
73.
90年代我国区域经济合作政策效果分析 总被引:18,自引:5,他引:13
通过对90年代以来我国区域经济合作的具体实践进行总结和分析,论证分析我国推动地区经济技术合作政策的合理性和可行性。作者从明确中央政府和地方政府有关地区经济技术合作以及区域经济合作的政策目标出发,深入分析区域合作组织的合作动力机制及其实际进展,对区域经济合作取得的成果与当前区域合作中遇到的障碍和问题进行客观评价,并在此基础上提出有关政策建议。提出区域合作组织的发展只能对中央政府推动地区合作战略目标的实现作局部性贡献;总体而言,我国政府通过提倡地区经济技术合作来解决区域问题的国家地区协调发展战略目标的实现在一定阶段内缺少现实合理性。 相似文献
74.
50年来我国化工地质找矿及相关的研究工作都取得了显著的成绩,虽然我国化工矿产种类较齐全,但人均占有资源量偏低,保证程度与需求相比尚有不同程度的差距。化工地质工作今后应统筹规划,突出重点;发挥优势,确保化工;面向市场,拓宽领域,狠抓基础,强化竟争;严格质量,规范管理;科技创新,加强装备;突出效益,转变机制;争取政策,多元投入。在化工地质队伍推行“三新、两高、两精”的运行机制。为确保“十五”期间工作部署能顺利实施,需要国家在宏观层面上给子相应的政策支持。 相似文献
75.
76.
Introduction Earthquake often brings large catastrophe to the mankind, especially in recent years when a large number of destructive earthquakes occur in the whole globe, which have caused tremendous casualties and losses to the people. Obviously, it is not very reasonable to make up financial losses and carry out post-seismic reconstruction by the government only for such kind of huge earth- quake losses. Therefore, as an effective measure to raise fund and make up financial losses, earth- qu… 相似文献
77.
Geoff Kelly 《Geoforum》2007,38(2):326-338
The development of renewable energy sources is of prime interest to many countries seeking to pursue greenhouse gas emission reduction obligations. The increased use of renewables offers the possibility of not only contributing to emission reduction, but at the same time improving energy supply diversity and security, and developing employment and business in related supply industries. Two main mechanisms are in common use, one a quota (quantity) instrument often associated with tradable certificates, and the other a prescribed pricing mechanism. This paper considers the renewable energy development strategies of three countries (the UK, Australia, and New Zealand) all using a variant of the quota/certificate approach as the central instrument in their programs. The regulatory frameworks defining the application of the certificate systems differ notably, and the likely differing outcomes suggest that these regulatory settings may be at least as important as the selection of the basic policy instrument, in determining the overall success of programs of this nature. 相似文献
78.
Terry van Dijk 《Geoforum》2007,38(3):505-511
An integral part of post-socialist transformation under the Washington Consensus has been the privatisation of previously state owned and/or co-operative farms. In many instances, there have been attempts at ‘turning back the clock’ to pre-War conditions, including land ownership structures. Frequently, the result has been the division of large, economically efficient units into numerous, small and economically barely viable private plots. Following accession to the European Union, these re-constituted peasant-scale structures pose a major challenge to the Union’s agricultural policy. As this paper demonstrates, a simple transfer of western European practices, such as land consolidation, is not possible. The particular legacies of the communist system have given land ownership particular values, legitimacy and personal identity, and emotional bonds. Simple technocratic solutions, as applied in the West earlier, are thus not feasible. Consequently, the paper points out, new forms and instruments of tackling disadvantageous agricultural structures need to be found. 相似文献
79.
Through their consumption behavior, households are responsible for 72% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, they are key actors in reaching the 1.5 °C goal under the Paris Agreement. However, the possible contribution and position of households in climate policies is neither well understood, nor do households receive sufficiently high priority in current climate policy strategies. This paper investigates how behavioral change can achieve a substantial reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in European high-income countries. It uses theoretical thinking and some core results from the HOPE research project, which investigated household preferences for reducing emissions in four European cities in France, Germany, Norway and Sweden. The paper makes five major points: First, car and plane mobility, meat and dairy consumption, as well as heating are the most dominant components of household footprints. Second, household living situations (demographics, size of home) greatly influence the household potential to reduce their footprint, even more than country or city location. Third, household decisions can be sequential and temporally dynamic, shifting through different phases such as childhood, adulthood, and illness. Fourth, short term voluntary efforts will not be sufficient by themselves to reach the drastic reductions needed to achieve the 1.5 °C goal; instead, households need a regulatory framework supporting their behavioral changes. Fifth, there is a mismatch between the roles and responsibilities conveyed by current climate policies and household perceptions of responsibility. We then conclude with further recommendations for research and policy. 相似文献
80.
南宁大地建筑装饰工程公司,由一个小的、效益欠佳的企业发展成为一个初具规模的中型企业,是由于强化了管理这个中心环节。实践证明,队伍的管理、质量的管理是企业发展的两个关健因素,,再加上领导者的正确决策,对各种因素的综合利用和协调艺术,就能为企业的发展提供保证。 相似文献