山东省泰安市城区-旧县岩溶水系统地下水资源潜力评价

山东省泰安市城区-旧县岩溶水系统位于山东省中部的泰山南麓,为单斜构造式岩溶含水系统,由城区和旧县两个水源地组成,地势总体北高南低,面积约112 km2。含水系统内地层以新生界第四系和古生界寒武、奥陶系为主,此外,在南部和北部分布有较大面积的太古界泰山岩群火成岩。本区在构造单元上属鲁西台背斜的一部分,泰莱断陷盆地之西半部。区内断裂构造发育,主要有NE向的泰山断裂、徂徕山断裂及结庄断裂,NW向的洪沟断裂、滂河断裂、岱道庵断裂。含水系统包括第四系松散岩类孔隙含水岩组和寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩类裂隙岩溶含水岩组,地下水动态受降水及人工开采影响明显。截止2012年底,地下水日均开采量为5.2万m3,接近系统允许开采量5.79万m3,处于采补平衡状态。本文在充分利用前人研究资料的基础上,通过对牟汶河修建拦河坝,河水位抬高引起的岩溶水补给条件变化的研究,确定该含水系统尚具有开采潜力,其潜力主要来源于地表水入渗补给。通过研究计算,目前该含水系统还具有约2万m3/d的开采潜力。      

Early Cretaceous Adakitic Rocks in the Northern Great Xing’an Range, NE China: Implications for the Final Closure of Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and Regional Extensional Setting

A large amount of igneous rocks in NE China formed in an extensional setting during Late Mesozoic. However, there is still controversy about how the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and the Paleo-Pacific Ocean effected the lithosphere in NE China. In this paper, we carried out a comprehensive study for andesites from the Keyihe area using LA-ICP-MS zircon UPb dating and geochemical and Hf isotopic analysis to investigate the petrogenesis and tectonic setting of these andesites. The U-Pb dating yields an Early Cretaceous crystallization age of 128.3±0.4 Ma. Geochemically, the andesites contain high Sr(686–930 ppm) and HREE contents, low Y(11.9–19.8 ppm) and Yb(1.08–1.52 ppm) contents, and they therefore have high Sr/Y(42–63) and La/Yb(24–36) ratios, showing the characteristics of adakitic rocks. Moreover, they exhibit high K_2O/Na_2O ratios(0.57–0.81), low Mg O contents(0.77–3.06 wt%), low Mg# value(17–49) and negative εHf(t) values(-1.7 to-8.5) with no negative Eu anomalies, indicating that they are not related to the oceanic plate subduction. Based on the geochemical and isotopic data provided in this paper and regional geological data, it can be concluded that the Keyihe adakitic rocks were affected by the Mongol-Okhotsk tectonic regime, forming in a transition setting from crustal thickening to regional extension thinning. They were derived from the partial melting of the thickened lower crust. The closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean may finish in early Early Cretaceous, followed by the collisional orogenic process. The southern part region of its suture belt was in a post-orogenic extensional setting in the late Early Cretaceous.     

冀中坳陷霸县凹陷文安斜坡沙三段储层特征及有效储层控制因素

综合运用岩心观察、薄片鉴定、物性分析等技术方法,系统分析了文安斜坡沙三段储层岩石学特征、成岩作用特征及储集特征。研究表明,文安斜坡沙三段储层岩石类型以岩屑长石砂岩为主,杂基含量低,成分成熟度和结构成熟度中等;储集空间以原生孔隙为主,占总孔隙的72.81%,储集物性较差,属中低孔-低渗特低渗储层;储层主要经历了压实作用/早期碳酸盐胶结→长石、岩屑溶解/石英次生加大/高岭石充填→石英溶解/碳酸盐胶结→黄铁矿胶结。在有效储层物性下限计算的基础上,选取孔隙度差值作为参数,系统分析了有效储层控制因素。有效储层的形成主要受沉积微相、粒度、分选、成岩作用以及地层压力控制。水下分流河道和河口坝微相中碎屑颗粒越粗,分选越好,杂基含量越少,有效储层越发育;胶结作用对储层物性的控制较明显,是影响中深层储层物性的主要因素;溶蚀作用主要表现为长石等硅酸盐矿物的溶蚀,平均增孔量3.42%;早期地层超压抑制压实作用,保护孔隙,是有效储层发育的有利因素。     

鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区三叠系延长组长3油层组石油运移与充注研究

鄂尔多斯盆地是我国第二大沉积盆地,中生界延长组富含丰富的油气资源。陇东地区位于鄂尔多斯盆地西南部,延长组长3段是该区重要的含油层系。在长3油层组原油特征和油源条件分析的基础上,对长3原油中含氮化合物组成和分布进行了探讨,结合成藏期分析,研究了鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长3油层组石油运移特征和注入方向。结果表明,长3油层组原油含氮化合物的分布与组成在纵向和横向上均存在明显的运移分馏效应,较好地指示了该区石油的运移。晚侏罗世至早白垩世,鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7优质烃源岩进入生烃门限,并开始大量生烃,且以垂向、侧向、垂向-侧向交替式混合运移的方式,从盆地中心和生烃中心向西部和西南侧向运移和充注,油气充注点位于M18、Z71和Z49等井区周边区域。     

全安盆地水文地质特征及热水成因分析

在简要分析全安盆地水文地质特征、地下水赋存条件及划分地下水类型基础上,对盆地西部周地—暖水塘地区地下热水形成原因、赋存环境进行研究,认为多期次构造运动形成的断裂、裂隙沟通深部地下热水是盆地热水来源的主要原因;采取地下热水样品并开展氢氧稳定同位素、逸出气体、水化学成份测试,认为地下热水由大气降水补给,长期水动态观测结果也显示大气降水与地下热水关系较密切。     

陕北延安“7.3暴雨”诱发地质灾害主要类型与特征

2013年7月3日以来,陕西延安地区百年不遇的持续性强降雨,引发了大量的崩塌、滑坡、泥流地质灾害,造成严重的财产损失和人员伤亡。通过野外实地调查,对本次持续性强降雨诱发大范围地质灾害的主要类型和特征进行了较为系统的研究。研究表明,本次持续性强降雨引发的地质灾害共计8 000余处,灾害类型主要有崩塌、滑坡和泥流,分别以小规模黄土崩塌、浅表层黄土滑坡、坡面型黄土泥流为主,以及上述灾种链生转化形成的沟谷型泥流。在持续降雨条件下,多灾种转化而成的复合型灾害是造成人员伤亡和财产损失的主要类型。     

Construction of ecological environment of oasis in Qingtongxia Irrigation District

Oasis is the core area of social and economic development in the arid western regions, and is also a territory with prominent ecological environmental problems. Because of the unreasonable development and utilization of soil and water resources, the ecological environment of oasis in Qingtongxia Irrigation District is threatened by soil salinization, shrinkage of lakes and wetlands, and deterioration of water environment. As for these environmental problems, the direct cause is the loss of regulation of groundwater depth or serious pollution of water caused by man-made irrational exploitation, and the root cause lies in shortage of water resources and unreasonable allocation of water resources. In this regard, it is believed that the primary task for the construction ecological environment of oasis in Qingtongxia Irrigation District is to adjust the allocation structure of water resources and to ease the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources, for which the direct means is to carry out dynamic control of water and salt based on the ecological landscape structure and land type in the Irrigation District in accordance with local conditions.     

The Globalization of a Panethnopolis: Richmond District as the New Chinatown in San Francisco

This paper briefly reviews the sociological literature on the “New” Chinatown phenomenon stressing its structural location vis-à-vis the “Old” Chinatown and the homeland. It defines the New Chinatown as a panethnopolis, that is a global neighborhood with a majority population of Chinese immigrants and of other ethnic groups of mostly Asian descent. It analyzes more particularly the formation, development, and integration of San Francisco’s Richmond District’s New Chinatown into both the city where it is located and the network of transglobal sites to which it belongs. It provides an interpretation of the New Chinatown as a cultural enclave within the context of globalization theory.     

海南岛北部全新世最大海侵古岸线的发现及其意义

全新世大暖期的最大海侵对沿海地区具有深刻影响,但是海南岛北部全新世的最大海侵范围研究较少。本研究利用高精度DEM数据解译以及野外钻探验证,发现海南岛北部全新世精确的最大海侵古岸线空间展布位置,其总面积约260 km²,其中约115 km²属于现今的江东新区规划建设范围内,占整个江东新区规划面积的38%。海南岛北部全新世最大海侵古海岸线的发现,不仅对理解南海全新世高海平面特征及规律提供琼北地区新证据,并且对海南自贸区(江东新区)应对未来海平面升高问题提供背景参照。     

大兴安岭中生代火山岩地层时空分布与蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋、古太平洋板块俯冲作用响应

为了提高大兴安岭中生代火山岩地层的区域可对比性、深入研究大兴安岭中生代火山岩与古太平洋和蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋的构造关系,本文在大兴安岭地区1: 1 000 000地质图编图的基础上,依据岩石组合、古生物、接触关系、区域对比以及最新的年代学(锆石U-Pb、⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar测年)资料,对大兴安岭中生代火山岩地层重新进行了厘定。进一步界定了塔木兰沟组(172~161 Ma)、满克头鄂博组(162~148 Ma)、玛尼吐组(158~145 Ma)、白音高老组(145~129 Ma)、梅勒图组(143~128 Ma)、龙江组(128~120 Ma)、光华组(128~118 Ma)、甘河组(120~113 Ma)和孤山镇组(118~110 Ma)的形成时代。结合古太平洋、蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋板块对东亚大陆边缘的俯冲作用,解析了中生代火山岩形成的构造背景,认为中—晚侏罗世NE向展布的火山岩主要形成于蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋板块向南东俯冲的伸展背景,早白垩世NNE向展布的火山岩主要形成于伊泽奈岐板块向东亚大陆俯冲的伸展背景。晚侏罗世与早白垩世火山岩地层之间发育的开库康组、木瑞组等类磨拉石建造,是两个构造体系转换阶段的主要沉积记录。