喀纳斯图瓦村落社区参与旅游发展调查

采用问卷调查和深度访谈相结合的方法,调查喀纳斯景区及周边三个图瓦村落旅游开发十余年来的社区参与情况,分析得出:(1)图瓦居民社区参与旅游的类型属于“被动参与”型,以个体经营为主;(2)图瓦居民普遍表达了对旅游发展的积极态度,对旅游培训和就业表现出很强的参与意愿,但在旅游投资、规划、决策和景区管理方面参与意识淡薄;(3)...     

基于DEA方法的地质灾害风险管理研究——以广州萝岗区崩塌灾害为例

以对地质灾害隐患点进行风险评价和管理为目的,选择灾害易发程度、受威胁人口数、威胁基础设施的数量和等级为评价指标,利用数据包络分析方法(DEA)中的CCR模型对位于广州市萝岗区的崩塌地质灾害隐患点的风险大小进行排序和分组,并对结果的合理性进行验证分析.研究表明,运用DEA方法的CCR模型并选择合理的评价指标对地质灾害风险...     

农村公共服务设施空间布局优化研究——以北京市顺义区为例

合理布局农村公共服务设施是改善农民生产和生活环境的重要手段之一,也是农村土地综合整治和新农村规划中的重要组成部分。以北京市顺义区为例,首先结合《土地利用现状分类》对公共服务设施的归并特征和实地调查,对顺义区公共服务设施进行级别划分;其次对农村居民点发展实力与乡镇和区(县)级别公共服务设施的通达性进行分析,并确定未来农村居民点发展模式,作为农村公共服务设施空间布局优化的空间依据;最后,以农村医卫慈善用地为例进行公共服务设施空间布局优化的方法探讨,研究成果可为编制城乡统筹和区域均衡发展的土地利用总体规划与土地综合整治规划提供参考。     

兰州区域数字地震遥测台网常用近震定位程序的定位效果分析

对兰州台网2002年1月1日至2002年10月31日网内、网缘共100次2.0≤ML≤4.3以上地震事件的Hypo81、Genetic、NearLoc三种定位程序的定位结果作了研究分析,结果表明:NearLoc程序的定位效果明显优于其它两种定位程序,其使用范围广,对网内、网缘以及网外1 000 km以内的地震都有较好的定位效果。     

Meteorological drought analysis using data-driven models for the Lakes District,Turkey

Abstract

Droughts may be classified as meteorological, hydrological or agricultural. When meteorological drought appears in a region, agricultural and hydrological droughts follow. In this study, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) was applied for meteorological drought analysis at nine stations located around the Lakes District, Turkey. Analyses were performed on 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-month-long data sets. The SPI drought classifications were modelled by Adaptive Neural-Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Fuzzy Logic, which has the advantage that, in contrast to most of the time series modelling techniques, it does not require the model structure to be known a priori. Comparison of the observed values and the modelling results shows a better agreement with SPI-12 and ANFIS models than with fuzzy logic models.     

Long-term variations in orographic rainfall: analysis and implications for upland catchments

Abstract

Climatic changes could alter the frequency and magnitude of rainfall events and the distribution of rainfall with altitude, with important consequences for management of aquatic ecosystems, water resources and flood risk. This study investigates changes in observed rainfall amounts across a range of altitudes in the Lake District region, northwest England, and spatial and temporal changes to the orographic “rainshadow” effect. Between the 1970s and 1990s there have been marked changes to the seasonality of precipitation, such that winters have become wetter, and increasingly dominated by heavy precipitation events. The intensity of these events has increased most markedly at higherelevation sites. Such changes could hinder recovery of sensitive upland sites from acidification and increase the risk of downstream flooding. An inter-decadal weakening of the region's rainshadow suggests a greater proportion of winter precipitation crosses the high-elevation Lake District dome. This is linked to changes in the frequency and character of wet weather patterns.     

Modelling the impacts of civil war on land use and land cover change within Kono District,Sierra Leone: a socio-geospatial approach

Capturing the scope and trajectory of changes in land use and land cover (LULC) is critical to urban and regional planning, natural resource sustainability and the overall information needs of policy makers. Studies on LULC change are generally conducted within peaceful environments and seldom incorporate areas that are politically volatile. Consequently, the role of civil conflict on LULC change remains elusive. Using a dense time stack of Landsat Thematic Mapper images and a hybrid classification approach, this study analysed LULC changes in Kono District between 1986–1991, 1991–2002 and 2002–2007 with the overarching goal of elucidating deviations from typical changes in LULC caused by Sierra Leone's civil war (1991–2002). Informed by social survey and secondary data, this study engaged the drivers that facilitated LULC changes during war and non-war periods in a series of spatial regression models in exploring the interface between civil conflict and LULC change.     

基于TM影像的面向对象地表覆被信息提取

为验证基于TM影像的面向对象分类方法对复杂地区地表覆被信息提取的可行性,以地处西南地区的渝北为例进行实验。利用样本数据对各个波段的光谱特征进行分析,取得对各波段覆被探测能力的初步认识;基于光谱特征的多尺度分割,运用面向对象分类方法对其分类。面向对象的分类方法总精度和Kappa系数分别为88.42%和0.854 7,将其与监督、非监督分类结果对比分析。结果表明,该方法有效抑制了"椒盐"现象,取得较好的分类结果。     

基于地理国情普查的兰州新区城市人居环境分析

兰州新区自2012年8月被确定为国家级新区之后便开始了大规模的城市建设。本文从绿地/水面覆盖情况、道路通行能力、公园服务能力、居住适宜性分析等方面,基于地理国情普查数据,对兰州新区建成区内的城市人居环境建设效果进行了分析与评价。     

基于地理国情监测的金普新区综合交通分析方法研究

针对交通状况对城市发展的影响日益重要的现状,本文从城乡交通网络覆盖情况和交通可达性两个角度,对金普新区的综合交通状况进行了客观、定量的分析,为了解金普新区的交通现状、居民出行的便捷程度,以及制订新区制度发展规划提供了可靠的分析结果。