Research on Formation Mechanisms of Hot Dry Rock Resources in China

As an important geothermal resource, hot dry rock(HDR) reserves have been studied in many countries. HDR resources in China have huge capacity and have become one of the most important resources for the potential replacement of fossil fuels. However, HDR resources are difficult to develop and utilise. Technologies for use with HDR, such as high–temperature drilling, reservoir characterisation, reservoir fracturing, microseismic monitoring and high–temperature power stations, originate from the field of oil and drilling. Addressing how to take advantage of these developed technologies is a key factor in the development of HDR reserves. Based on the thermal crustal structure in China, HDR resources can be divided into four types: high radioactive heat production, sedimentary basin, modern volcano and the inner–plate active tectonic belt. The prospective regions of HDR resources are located in South Tibet, West Yunnan, the southeast coast of China, Bohai Rim, Songliao Basin and Guanzhong Basin. The related essential technologies are relatively mature, and the prospect of HDR power generation is promising. Therefore, analysing the formation mechanisms of HDR resources and promoting the transformation of technological achievements, large–scale development and the utilisation of HDR resources can be achieved in China.     

全国地热资源调查评价与勘查示范工程进展

地热作为一种清洁能源,在我国经济发展与能源转型过程中正发挥着越来越重要的作用。“全国地热资源调查评价与勘查示范工程”自实施以来,主要开展了京津冀地区地热资源评价以及东南沿海和青藏高原东部干热岩的勘查等工作。这些工作的开展在获得一系列科研突破成果的同时,也解决了大量地热开发的工程问题,积累了大量成果和经验。该文对工程取得的进展及成果进行了总结,对工作开展中出现的问题进行了探讨,可用于指导我国地热资源勘查开发工作。     

地质学在旅游资源调查评价与开发中的应用

旅游资源范畴随着旅游产业的发展而在不断扩大,生态旅游和地质科学考察旅游成为旅游的重要发展方向。从分析旅游资源的形成和演化与地质学关系出发,探讨目前旅游资源调查评价与开发中对地质学的应用及其不足,提出以地质遗迹保护为基础建设地质公园是旅游资源开发的一个新发展方向,强调了地质学理论与地质资料在旅游资源保护及可持续利用中的作用。这是提高旅游资源调查与评价水平,开拓旅游新领域,为旅游经济发展服务的最佳切入点。     

基于自然资源管理的新型基础测绘研究

新一轮的职能改革赋予自然资源部门新的职责,文章在分析了现有自然资源业务数据和基础测绘数据的基础上结合自然资源管理需求,提出了新型基础测绘的相关技术要求、应用方向和地理实体数据的技术路线,为新型基础测绘的开展提供了有益探索,为基础测绘服务自然资源管理提供了理论依据。     

遥感技术在黑竹沟风景旅游资源调查分类与评价中的应用

随着信息技术的发展,遥感成为了旅游资源调查评价的新手段。阐述了运用遥感新技术对四川省乐山市黑竹沟风景旅游区旅游资源进行调查的过程,并结合现场调研和相关资料对其旅游资源进行了分类和评价。首先对黑竹沟风景旅游区2003年的ETM影像数据遥感图像进行了处理,然后建立了解译标志进行旅游资源信息的提取和分析,最后对黑竹沟风景旅游区的旅游资源进行了客观全面的分类和评价。黑竹沟的旅游资源可分为2大类、7亚类、21个基本类型,是一处景源内容丰富、景象多变的旅游区,发展潜力巨大。     

公平与效率导向下农村公共医疗资源的空间优化研究——以湖北省仙桃市为例

公共服务资源的空间配置问题一直存在效率与公平价值导向的博弈,空间综合人文社科的兴起,使其演化成一个空间优化问题。医疗资源空间配置的规划注重决策连续性,据此提出改进空间可达性的两步优化法。在农村地区资源有限的情况下,以空间可达性为主要指标,建立公平与效率导向下的二次规划模型,通过重新选址和设定规模以保证居民获得就医机会的最大公平和效率,并以湖北省仙桃市为案例进行应用研究。结果表明,新选地址和规模优化结果能使仙桃市医疗资源空间配置的公平性和效率性得到显著提高,2个步骤相结合,使其成为真正的混合优化模型,达到效率和公平平衡的双重目标。     

乐山市水资源承载力分析及开发潜力研究

水资源的供需关系已演变为限制经济社会不断发展的一个关键障碍,所以对水资源承载力展开探究,以支撑经济和社会的不断发展,将会具有现实意义和至关重要的影响,本文从水资源负载指数和承载指数模型出发,根据当前乐山市水资源情况现状,对当地水资源承载力进行分析。     

火星资源赋存状况及其原位利用技术研究进展与展望

太空资源的勘探及利用是深空探测的重要目的之一。火星是人类最容易到达和资源利用最为迫切的行星,对火星资源进行勘查和原位利用是未来火星载人探测及基地建设需要解决的重要问题。本文对火星大气资源、水资源、土壤与岩石矿物资源、风能与太阳能资源等可利用资源的类型及赋存状况进行了分析,制作了火星资源的全球分布图,并从资源分布的角度提出了未来火星资源探测及火星基地建设的首选区域。同时,本文也总结了火星原位资源利用技术的研究进展及问题,认为未来需要从以下几个方面开展进一步研究：加强火星资源的针对性勘查与评估;开发新的资源利用模式与技术;建立资源利用成本的综合评估模型;完善资源开发与利用相关的法律法规。     

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for water resources carrying capacity in Tarim River Basin, Xinjiang, China

This paper explores the method of comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity and sets up an evaluation model applying the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Based on the data of nature, society, economics and water resources of the Tarim River Basin in 2002, we evaluated the water resources carrying capacity of the basin by means of the model. The results show that the comprehensive grades are 0.438 and 0.454 for Aksu and Kashi prefectures respectively, where the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree and there is only a very limited water carrying capacity, 0.620 for Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, where water resources carrying capacity is much higher, and in between for Hotan Prefecture and Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture. As a whole, the comprehensive grade of the Tarim River Basin is 0.508 and the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree. Thus, we suggest that the integrated management of the water resources in the basin should be strengthened in order to utilize water resources scientifically and sustainably.