淮南谢—矿煤的组成对甲烷吸附性的影响

从淮南谢—矿五层煤（Ｃ＿（１３）、Ｂ＿（１１ｂ）、Ｂ＿（１０）、Ｂ＿（４ｂ）和Ａ＿３）中精选出镜煤、壳质暗煤、惰性暗煤及构造煤，采用重量法，分别测定它们的甲烷吸附量，从而研究不同成分组成的煤其甲烷吸附性能。     

Petrography,chemical composition,and Raman spectra of chrome spinel: Constraints on the diamond potential of the No. 30 pipe kimberlite in Wafangdian,North China Craton

Conventional diamond exploration seldom searches directly for diamonds in rock and soil samples. Instead, it focuses on the search for indicator minerals like chrome spinel, which can be used to evaluate diamond potential. Chrome spinels are preserved as pristine minerals in the early Paleozoic (∼465 Ma), hydrothermally altered, Group I No. 30 pipe kimberlite that intruded the Neoproterozoic Qingbaikou strata in Wafangdian, North China Craton (NCC). The characteristics of the chrome spinels were investigated by petrographic observation (BSE imaging), quantitative chemical analysis (EPMA), and Raman spectral analysis. The results show that the chrome spinels are mostly sub-rounded with extremely few grains being subhedral, and these spinels are macrocrystic, more than 500 µm in size. The chrome spinels also have compositional zones: the cores are classified as magnesiochromite as they have distinctly chromium-rich (Cr₂O₃ up to 66.56 wt%) and titanium-poor (TiO₂ < 1 wt%) compositions; and the rims are classified as magnetite as they have chromium-poor and iron-rich composition. In the cores of chrome spinels, compositional variations are controlled by Al³⁺-Cr³⁺ isomorphism, which results in a strong Raman spectra peak (A_1g mode) varying from 690 cm⁻¹ to 702.9 cm⁻¹. In the rims of chrome spinel, compositional variations result in the A_1g peak varying from 660 cm⁻¹ to 672 cm⁻¹. The morphology and chemical compositions indicate that the chrome spinels are mantle xenocrysts. The cores of the spinel are remnants of primary mantle xenocrysts that have been resorbed, and the rims were formed during kimberlite magmatism. The compositions of the cores are used to evaluate the diamond potential of this kimberlite through comparison with the compositions of chrome spinels from the Changmazhuang and No. 50 pipe kimberlites in the NCC. In MgO, Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ versus Cr₂O₃ plots, the chrome spinels from the Changmazhuang and No. 50 pipe kimberlites are mostly located in the diamond stability field. However, only a small proportion of chrome spinels from No. 30 pipe kimberlite have same behavior, which indicates that the diamond potential of the former two kimberlites is greater than that of the No. 30 pipe kimberlite. This is also supported by compositional zones in the spinel grains: there is with an increase in Fe³⁺ in the rims, which suggests that the chrome spinels experienced highly oxidizing conditions. Oxidizing conditions may have been imparted by fluids/melts that have a great influence on diamond destruction. Here, we suggest that chrome spinel compositions can be a useful tool for identifying the target for diamond potential in the North China Craton.     

辽宁瓦房店金刚石矿床50号岩管地质特征及找矿预测

以辽宁瓦房店金刚石矿床50号岩管为例,系统分析了该矿床的地质特征.通过对斑状富金云母金伯利岩、含围岩角砾斑状金伯利岩和金伯利凝灰角砾岩进行岩石地球化学分析发现:碳酸盐化金伯利凝灰角砾岩超基性成分较少,滑石化、蛇纹石化及碳酸盐化混合金伯利凝灰角砾岩超基性成分较多;铬、镍、钛在金伯利凝灰角砾岩中的含量较低,在含围岩角砾斑状金云母金伯利岩中的含量略高,在斑状富金云母金伯利岩和斑状金伯利岩中的含量最高.该矿床主要为含围岩角砾斑状金伯利岩和斑状富金云母金伯利岩,其次为金伯利凝灰角砾岩、含围岩角砾斑状金云母金伯利岩和含金伯利物质角砾岩.含铬镁铝榴石、铬铁矿和碳硅石是金刚石的伴生矿物.水平方向上,金伯利岩含矿品位西部较富,东部较贫;垂直方向上,金伯利岩含矿品位变化较小.通过三维建模,推测50号岩管不是根部相,而是受EW向推覆构造作用影响发生的断层错位,在其东侧600 m深处存在50-1号金伯利岩体.     

地铁隧洞带水作业施工技术

以在建的北京地铁十号线双井一劲松区间暗挖隧道为例，通过分析北京特殊地层在带水条件下单洞结构单线隧道台阶法的施工工艺，洞悉浅埋暗挖正台阶法施工中超前预加固、开挖时空顺序、台阶长度等工艺对围岩稳定性的影响程度。     

黄河北煤田10号煤煤层气储层物性及特征研究

煤层气是一种备受国家重视和开发利用的非常规清洁能源,煤层气储层物性的研究对煤层气资源的评价与开发具有重要意义。以黄河北煤田煤层气开发资料为基础,结合区域地质特征,应用煤层气地质理论对煤田内10号煤煤层气储层物性特征进行了研究。研究发现:10号煤层宏观煤岩类型以半亮煤为主,煤中有机显微组分以镜质组为主,无机显微组分以黏土为主;煤的变质程度比较高,整体进入成熟阶段;10号煤层储层孔裂隙发育、渗透率较低;10煤层对甲烷的吸附能力较强;10号煤层储层压力为2.16~4.20MPa,压力梯度为0.418~0.797MPa/100m,为低压储层至常压储层;黄河北煤田呈单斜构造,10号煤层埋藏深度较深,含水性较好,有利于煤层气保存。     

雁南煤矿北二采区充水因素及开采影响评价

在全面分析大雁矿业集团公司雁南煤矿北二采区的水文地质条件及煤层开采矿井充水因素的基础上,计算了开采27^1号煤层时导水裂隙带发育高度．得出了北二采区各煤层工作面开采即不会受到上部砂砾含水层的影响,雁南煤矿铁路涵洞以西的胜利河冲击沟也不会受到北二采区的采动塌陷影响的结论。     

神木北部矿区5-2煤层厚度及其底板高程趋势分析

为了查清神木北部矿区5-2煤层赋存特征及成因,选取了该矿区172个典型钻孔数据,用趋势分析法研究了5-2煤层的厚度及其底板高程度变化特征。结果显示:该区煤层厚度总体为南北厚中部薄,东厚西薄;底板高程为南北高中部低,东高西低;煤层厚度和其底板高程间普遍存在正相关关系。在该区构造稳定的背景下,后期改造对煤层厚度及其底板的影响很小,煤层赋存特征主要受沉积与剥蚀的控制。     

Geochronology, Petrology and Geochemistry of Xingdi No. 3 Mafic-Ultramafic Intrusions in the Northeastern Tarim Craton, NW China

The Xingdi mafic-ultramafic intrusions occur in the northeastern margin of the Tarim craton. The Xingdi No. 3 intrusion is the smallest of four intrusions, with an exposed area of 1.7 km~2, and the zircon U-Pb age of the intrusion is 752±4 Ma. The intrusion consists of gabbros, pyroxenites and peridotites, and exhibits a crystallization sequence of the main rock-forming minerals as olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and plagioclase. Mineralization occurred at or near the boundaries of the intrusion between pyroxenites and peridotites, and appears as a layered or lenticular shape about 500 m long and 4–15 m wide. The primary sulfides have a relatively simple mineralogy dominated by pyrrhotite-pentlandite-chalcopyrite assemblages, which occur as droplet, star-like and graphic texture and locally sideronitic structures. Geochronological and geochemistry investigations suggest that the Xingdi mafic-ultramafic intrusions and coeval volcanic rock in the Kuluktag area of the Tarim craton formed in an intracontinental breakup environment. Based on the composition of the dominant rockforming minerals and covariant relationships of other oxides versus Mg O, the parental magma of the Xingdi No.3 intrusion belongs to high-Mg tholeiitic basaltic magmas with Mg O of 10.78 wt%. The Xingdi No.3 intrusive rocks are characterized by light REE enrichment relative to heavy REE, negative Nb-Ta anomalies, low ~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd ratios(from 0.511183 to 0.511793) and high initial ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios(from 0.7051 to 0.7113). The magma was derived from the enriched-lithospheric mantle and was contaminated during emplacement. According to rock assemblages, mineralization, olivine characteristics, geochemical characteristics and mass balance, there are better copper-nickel ore prospects in the Xingdi No.3 intrusion than in the other three intrusions in the area.     

云量对祁连山老虎沟12号冰川表面能量平衡的影响

为探讨云量对冰川表面能量平衡(SEB)的影响,利用架设在老虎沟12号冰川(简称12号冰川)消融区(4 550m a. s. l.)的自动气象站资料,结合能量平衡模型计算各能量分量并分析其季节变化,通过云量参数化方案获取云量因子并量化其对冰川表面能量收支的影响。结果表明:净短波辐射为冰川表面主要的能量来源(92%),净长波辐射为主要能量支出(61%),二者均受云量影响,但云的短波辐射效应更强(-37W·m^-2)。云量通过影响辐射收支和湍流通量进而影响冰川表面能量收支,随云量的增加,冰川表面获得的能量减少,冰川消融速率降低。与其他区域的冰川表面能量收支对比,除地理位置、反照率、气温等因素外,海拔和云量的影响也非常显著。     

内蒙古额尔古纳地区431铀矿床地质特征与流体包裹体研究

为确定额尔古纳地区铀矿特征及成因类型,选择431铀矿床,在矿床地质特征研究基础上,对与铀矿化成因关系密切的硅化石英脉进行了流体包裹体显微测温.研究结果表明,431矿床产于印支期花岗岩与新元古代额尔古纳群变质岩接触带部位,受断裂构造控制明显,围岩普遍发育硅化、绿泥石化、水云母化、高岭土化、碳酸盐化等蚀变现象,地表矿石中铀矿物主要为钙铀云母.硅化石英脉中含气液两相和含CO2三相两种类型包裹体,对应的均一温度分别为132.2~301.5℃和322.5~408.9℃,平均值为247℃;盐度分别为12.65%~2.73%和4.04%~16.94%,平均值为8.18%;流体密度分别为0.76~0.94 g/cm3和0.60~0.78 g/cm3;成矿流体属中温、中低盐度、低密度的NaCl-H2O-CO2流体体系.利用相关公式估算该区铀矿的成矿深度介于0.4~1.7 km.431铀矿床属浅成中温热液矿床,成因上与花岗质岩浆作用有关.