Planning Beijing: socialist city,transitional city,and global city

Cities are centers of economic, social, and political change, and urban planning is a process responding to and guiding urban change and development. In the Maoist era and under the influence of socialist ideology, China limited urbanization while promoting industrialization, and urban planning served as an instrument for socialist construction. Since the reform of the late 1970s, Chinese cities have experienced unprecedented growth and restructuring. However, the gradualist, exploratory reform—exemplified by Deng Xiaoping’s slogan “crossing the river by feeling the stones”—makes Chinese cities constantly change without clear directions for future development. This paper uses Beijing as a case study to analyze changing institutional and global contexts underlying the transformation of Chinese cities, and planners’ responses and dilemmas in making plans and implementing them. We found that market reforms, rapid growth, and dramatic change make urban master plans quickly out of date, forcing Chinese planners to frequently revise these master plans. We also found that the content of urban master planning in China has broadened from physical planning, and Chinese planning has adapted to market reform through utilizing concepts of visioning, flexibility, and governance. Increasingly what we call a “hybrid” form of planning is arising in which global concepts and Chinese ideas interweave in order to direct the shape and form of the Chinese metropolis.     

中国气象科学技术发展战略研究

依据《中国气象事业发展战略研究重大科学技术问题卷》［1］的概述,主要从天气学理论与预报技术、气候系统与全球变化、人工影响天气、大气化学、大气物理学,以及综合探测技术与外场观测试验等方面,分析气象科学发展的背景、现状和社会需求,指出气象科学发展中需要了解的关键科学和技术问题,并制定中国气象科学技术长期发展目标和确定重点研究领域,其中特别强调了与中国区域天气、气候和气候变化问题关系密切的气象科学问题,并在气象科学理论体系的建立、天气预报和气候预测手段的改进、全球气候系统观测的实施、多学科的交叉融合等方面提出措施和建议。     

Lessons learnt in addressing environmental issues of new water resource projects – a case study in KwaZulu-Natal,South Africa

Developing new water resource projects without taking cognisance of the environmental impacts, both biophysical and social, has received global condemnation for many years now and is largely becoming a practice of the past. However, it is the prominence, extent of issues addressed, timing and intensity of the investigations and the commitment to environmental protection and mitigation that has increased significantly over the past few years. Practices in South Africa are no exception to this. Environmental legislation in South Africa requires that an Integrated Environmental Management (IEM) approach be adopted when any new project is being considered. This IEM approach was recently put to the test in South Africa during the planning and implementation of an inter-basin transfer scheme in the province of KwaZulu-Natal. This paper will discuss the steps that were taken to address the environmental issues during a protracted planning phase, and what was accomplished. It will compare how these recommendations were taken forward into the construction phase and the operations phase, and the lessons learnt from the process. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

地质曲面“三维联动编辑”的一种实现方法

为提高地质曲面建模的精确度和合理性,完善三维地质建模软件的平、剖面三维联动编辑功能,针对\     

"十五"期间铀矿地质勘查主要成果及"十一五"的总体思路

“十五”期间,随着国家核电发展目标的明确,铀资源不断得到中央和国家有关部门的高度关注和重视,铀矿地质勘查工作得到进一步加强。5年来,我国北方中新生代盆地的铀矿勘查、区域预测评价及铀成矿理论和勘查方法研究等都取得了较快的进展和重要的成果。可地浸砂岩型铀矿勘查理论和方法技术的提升,大大提高了铀资源勘查效率,促进了我国铀矿勘查的可持续发展。文章最后还简要阐述了“十一五”铀矿地质勘查部署的总体思路。     

Formation of point bars through rising and falling flood stages: Evidence from bar morphology,sediment transport and bed shear stress

Flow processes and sediment transport in a channel bend and associated point bar have been studied in modern rivers, theoretical models and physical experiments: however, the relationship between flow process and point‐bar morphology has rarely been explained due to the complex nature of open channel flow. Plan‐view exposures of an ancient point‐bar complex, exposed at the top of the Cretaceous Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale Formation, south‐central Utah, allowed reconstruction of bar morphology, sediment transport and bed shear stress, which were used to extrapolate flow processes. Studies of these outcrops show that compound point bars and scroll bars were probably formed during falling and rising flood stages, respectively. A simulation model of plan‐view channel form shows that channel dimensions, such as radius of curvature and sinuosity of the point‐bar complex, range between 205 m and 351 m and 1·04 and 1·22, respectively, throughout the evolution of the channel bend. Variations in strength of the helical flow were interpreted as the main control on facies architecture and bar morphology. Strong helical flow was related to the deposition of the scroll bars, while strength of helical flow is decreased for compound bars. The use of cross‐beds as a common palaeocurrent indicator was found to be inconsistent with mean flow directions and channel margin orientation.     

Arc／Info平台下综合性规划信息库的建立

分析了规划信息在形式、内容上的复杂性，提出了Ａｒｃ／Ｉｎｆｏ平台下规则信息库的结构，讨论了在充分利用Ａｒｃ／Ｉｎｆｏ平台资源下，各数据文件在空间关系和属性层次上的结构化联系。     

斜井与平峒贯通点坐标的计算方法

在矿山贯通工程中,采矿设计人员常常根据矿体的地质构造及矿山生产的实际需要,给出巷道掘进的基本思想,测量人员必须根据这一要求进行准确的再设计,以确保贯通的正确实施。本文就某矿9坑斜井与14坑主运平烟贯通点N平面坐标的计算说明这一过程。     

“卓越计划”背景下测绘工程专业培养方案的改革与实践

在贯彻落实国家"卓越工程师教育培养计划"的背景下,结合同济大学测绘与地理信息学院的实际情况,对测绘工程专业培养方案的改革进行思考,并详细阐述了2014级测绘工程专业培养方案改革的具体措施和方法。     

呼和浩特白塔机场新建航站楼的变形监测

介绍了白塔机场新建航站楼的工程概况,提出了白塔机场新建航站楼变形监测方案,分析了变形监测精度,给出了航站楼变形监测部分结果。