Groundwater Use in the Selenge River Basin,Mongolia

The Selenge River Basin occupies a total area of 447,000 km2, of which 343,000 km2 is located within Mongolia (the remainder is in Russia). The basin is characterized by an extreme continental climate, consisting of harsh, cold, dry winters and short, hot summers. Annual average temperatures are approximately -4°C and annual rainfall ranges from 220 mm to 450 mm.The Selenge River Basin is a critical groundwater resource for Mongolia. Greater than 55% (~1.5 million) of Mongolia’s population resides within the basin and, during 2003, an estimated average of 700,000 m3/day of water was abstracted from the basin’s groundwater system. The basin services Mongolia’s largest cities and industries (including the rapidly expanding mining sector) as well as important traditional pastoral ranges.     

某赤泥堆坝加固方案研究与施工过程仿真分析

某赤泥堆坝近几年出现严重裂缝与渗水、泄泥现象,坝体边坡基本处于临界稳定状态。在不利因素触发下,可能出现大面积滑坡。在充分研究堆场地质条件和堆坝的土层结构、裂缝现状与成因、变形过程与破坏趋势、稳定性等主要影响因素基础上,通过数值试验与模拟分析,提出了排水-改良滑带土-削坡减载-反压坡脚-加筋支挡-挂网喷射护坡的综合加固方案。通过加固施工过程仿真分析,验证了这种综合加固方案的科学性、合理性。     

利用Surfer绘图软件绘制平剖图及平剖图数字化

本文利用Surfer绘图软件在画线和数字化功能的基础上,通过程序数据换算,绘制平剖图;又可将平剖图数字化通过程序数据换算,得到绘平面等值线图X、Y、Z三维数据,从而开发拓展了Surfer绘图软件功能。     

黄土连拱隧道动态施工围岩损伤局部化研究

为了研究黄土连拱隧道动态施工时围岩的损伤情况和损伤分布规律,在室内试验的基础上推导了Q2黄土的弹塑性损伤本构模型,并基于FLAC3D平台编制了自定义本构模型,提出了损伤度概念并编制了损伤度后处理模块。以国内首条高速公路黄土连拱隧道-离石隧道为依托工程,对两种开挖方案施工时围岩损伤情况进行数值分析。研究表明,该成果可以较好地掌握隧道每一开挖步后围岩损伤度的分布情况和损伤区的演化规律,为施工方案优化选择提供依据。该研究成果为地下工程支护参数优化和方案的选择开辟了一个新的方向。     

褶皱中和面对煤层的控制性研究

利用纵弯褶皱变形中中和面上下岩层的不同应力与应变特点,分析了处于褶皱中和面上下各煤层在背斜与向斜部位煤层厚度、煤层构造、煤体结构及煤层瓦斯的赋存规律与差异性,揭示了这些现象产生的原因。该研究对于开展煤层厚度、煤层构造及煤与瓦斯突出的预测研究提供了理论依据。     

初论突发地质灾害应急预案的管理

面对众多不同级别和精度要求的突发地质灾害应急预案,本文通过对地质灾害管理及其预案体系的系统科学探讨,以应急预案形成过程为轴线,初步论述了对其进行管理的构想,为已经发布和正在编制的突发性地质灾害应急预案体系的逐步完善、制定及管理提出了相关建议。     

助力复工复产CT检查应急方案探讨

目的:在新冠病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情解封城后复工复产等接受CT检查者剧增,影像科结合院感防控是如何做好大量CT检查优化流程应急方案探讨的。资料与方法:在医院大力支持下,科室先将受检者分为多区疏散及医技一岗多人制的方法。受检者分为4区:疏散区、等检区、待检区和取胶片报告区;每个区域有专人负责引导,每10人一组并且人与人之间距1.5 m以上,由引导员从疏散区带到等检区按先后顺序登记并等候,再带到待检区依次检查,检查结束后到取胶片报告区等侯取报告结果。结果:通过对一周的总结与上年同期比较,最多一天,CT日工作效率提高了38.77%,平均一周的工作效率提高了32.52%。优化检查流程后一周来受检者投诉率及错误率降为零,CT报告结果由原来2～4 h缩短1 h以内。结论:在COVID-19疫情非常时期,大量CT检查时优化检查流程是非常必要的、可行的,值得推广在以后受检者量大的特殊检查中应用。     

Braiding process and bank erosion in the Brahmaputra River

The present work explores relations between stream power,braiding intensities and bank erosion in certain stretches of the Brahmaputra River.In this paper,an objective approach is presented to enable quantitative assessment of spatio-temporal behaviour of channel braiding process of the Brahmaputra River by using the Plan Form Index and corresponding estimation of stream power to establish a behavioural pattern of variability of potential energy expenditure.The braiding index is compared for discrete years to understand the morphological behaviour.Subsequently,a real time estimation of stream power for certain stretches of Brahmaputra River is done in order to analyse its variability in braiding intensity and bank erosion.The paper presents the dynamic behaviour of the channel pattern of the Brahmaputra River System in Assam valley of India over a time span of 18 years.The procedure addresses the selection of input parameters from digital satellite images,comprising scenes for the years 1990,1997 and 2007 with specific dates,from Dhubri near Indo-Bangladesh Border to Upper Assam.Deployment of GIS technique has been made to extract the required parameters to derive Plan Form Indices for the entire study reach.Stream power estimation is done for corresponding latest floods and for corresponding dates of image scenes.The study indicated that due to consistent aggradation of riverbed inducing temporal declination of stream power,there is an occurrence of wide spread braiding.This in turn incurs substantial yearly land loss due to bank erosion,caused by flow concentrations due to temporal evolution of multiple channels in the Brahmaputra River.     

Seismic code analysis of multi-storey asymmetric buildings

Static torsional provisions in most seismic codes require that the lateral force at each floor level be applied at some distance from the reference centre at that floor. However, codes do not specify how to determine the locations of these centres. As a result, several different definitions of the reference centres are being used to implement the code analysis. This investigation examined how the results using various reference centres differ and which of these centres would lead to results that are in agreement with those of dynamic analysis. For this purpose three different buildings ranging form torsionally stiff to torsionally flexible were analysed. It was shown that for the class of buildings studied in this investigation that although the locations of the reference centres were quite different, the results were very similar and nearly independent of the reference centre. Comparison of results calculated from static code equivalent lateral force procedures and results from dynamic response spectrum analyses showed that the static code procedures led to design forces very close (flexible wall) or slightly conservative (stiff wall) when compared to the dynamic analysis for the torsionally stiff building. However, the static code procedures significantly underestimated the design forces of the stiff walls and significantly overestimated the design forces of the flexible walls for the torsionally flexible buildings. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

我国城市防震减灾工作特性及若干措施

城市是我国防震减灾工作的重点,建国以来我国城市防震减灾工作历经数次调整,形成了符合当前实际的工作思路.本文阐述了城市防震减灾工作的特殊性和重要性,并针对我国城市防震工作存在的一些问题,提出了若干工作建议和措施.