论网格与网格地理信息系统

文中论述和分析了网格、空间信息网格和地图上的格网等概念。在分析目前WebGIS的主要关键技术及实际功能和效果的基础上,从软件和数据两个方面分析了目前WebGIS存在的问题及其原因。针对目前WebGIS对于网格技术的不适应性,提出了关于基于多智能代理的网格地理信息系统的思考,论述了代理、移动代理和智能代理及其优势,给出了系统的体系结构,并对系统客户端、服务器及其智能代理技术进行了说明,研究了系统中移动代理的设计、迁移机制、巡回路线规划和通信机制等。最后给出了初步的结论和讨论意见。     

数字城市地理空间信息公共平台的设计

数字城市建设的目的是实现城市各种信息的数字化共享,地理空间信息是数字城市建设的基础信息,如何实现数字城市地理空间信息的共享是数字城市建设过程中的基本问题。在以往的数字城市建设中,地理信息往往作为城市某些职能部门的“私有”信息,其共享性得不到保证,严重影响了数字城市建设。地理空间信息公共平台的设计目的是实现地理信息共享。阐述的公共平台的系统设计主要分为公共基础空间数据库的建立、地理空间信息共享环境的设计以及地理空间信息公共技术平台设计3个方面的内容。     

工程物探方法在上海城市建设与管理中的应用

工程物探是各学科和地球物理学的交叉学科,是目前应用地球物理领域中的一个重要的分支,它以地球物理学的理论、方法和技术来研究和勘查各种地球物理场的变化,提取人类活动(工程)对地质体原有状态的影响,探测地下目的体,评价工程质量,为工程的选址、建设、施工质量及安全性做出评价。上海城市建设工程物探的应用和相应的方法技术及工作程序,可供非物探专业的工程技术人员参考和借鉴。     

A Network Model for Dispersion of Communicable Diseases

The spread of communicable diseases through a population is an intrinsic spatial and temporal process. This paper presents an individual‐based analytical framework for modeling the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the disease transmission. The framework specifies a network model structure and six associated parameters. These parameters describe the properties of nodes, the properties of links, and the topology of the network. Through this model structure and associated parameters, this framework allows the representation of discrete individuals, individualized interactions, and interaction patterns in a network of human contact. The explicit representation of the spatial distribution and mobility of individuals in particular facilitates the modeling of spatial heterogeneity in the disease transmission.     

A multi-equation spatial econometric model,with application to EU manufacturing productivity growth

A multi-equation spatial econometric model is used to explain variations across EU regions in manufacturing productivity growth based on recent theoretical developments in urban economics and economic geography. The paper shows that temporal and spatial parameter homogeneity is an unrealistic assumption, contrary to what is typically assumed in the literature. Constraints are imposed on parameters across time periods and between core and peripheral regions of the EU, with the significant loss of fit providing overwhelming evidence of parameter heterogeneity, although the final model does highlight increasing returns to scale, which is a central feature of contemporary theory.      

高光谱影像数据预处理技术评价

高光谱影像数据预处理是构建高效的影像数据库以及实现地理目标成分信息反演与地理目标识别的基础。本文从反射率演算、光谱微分技术以及高光谱影像数据的降维处理等三个方面对高光谱影像数据预处理进行了研究。实现了基于高光谱影像的反射率反演算法，针对高光谱遥感数据影像分辨率比较低的现状，提出了直方图均衡化、色调平衡、对比度调整等影像处理算法，并给出了实验结果。     

Reach Out and Touch Someone: AT&T's Global Operations in the 1990s

The late twentieth century has witnessed the rapid expansion of a global telecommunications infrastructure and flows of information. Few case studies of individual corporations in this industry exist. Following the breakup of its U.S. monopoly in 1984, AT&T, the world's largest telecommunications provider, steadily expanded its international operations. This paper examines the institutional and spatial dynamics that underpin AT&T's global strategies, including transoceanic fiber cables, employment, manufacturing facilities, joint ventures, and operations in every major market area around the world. It ascertains these efforts in light of the emergence of post-Fordist regime theory and argues that corporate-specific case studies continue to remain an important part of economic geography.     

Maquiladora Myths: Locational and Structural Change in Mexico's Export Manufacturing Industry

Trends in location, labor force, and procurement practices in maquiladoras are examined using recent data sources. A growing proportion of maquiladoras are selecting interior locations, south of the borderlands. Once dominated by young women, the labor force is rapidly approaching gender parity. While far below prevailing rates in the United States, maquiladora wages are comparable with equivalent manufacturing sectors in Mexico. Majority ownership of maquiladoras is split almost evenly between Mexico and the U.S., however, maquiladoras have failed to develop domestic sources of materials and parts and remain dependent on imported material inputs. As the North American Free Trade Agreement is phased in, the regulatory environment of maquiladoras will change but their role as low cost assembly specialists will persist.     

“THE END OF MODERN HISTORY”?*

ABSTRACT. The first half of the twentieth century marked both an end to confidence in human control of the earth and a prelude to the contemporary era of intense environmental concern after 1950. This conspectus of the environmental history/historical geography of the transitional years between 1900 and 1950 focuses on rising concerns over resource supplies and exploitation, particularly land settlement, timber supplies, soil erosion, and river-basin control. Conservation and the pervasiveness of ecological thinking and analogy form a strong underlying theme.     

近年来我国文化地理学研究的进展

作为人文地理学重要分支之一的文化地理学,在我国出现晚但发展快。纵观十余年来的发展情况,可大致概括为：（１）文化地理学理论从引进到消化进而有了较大的发展,（２）区域文化地理的研究从宏观走向微观,（３）历史文化地理的研究从断代走向区域,（４）专题性文化地理的研究从单一走向多元,（５）综合性文化地理的研究从核心扩展到边缘。其总趋势是逐渐走向具体化、区域化、综合化。