基于PSInSAR技术的长白山天池火山形变监测

将PSInSAR技术引入长白山天池火山的形变监测,获取了1992—1998年和2007—2010年2个时段的火山形变信息。结果显示:天池火山在这2个时段内整体抬升,1992—1998年火山较为活跃,雷达视线向平均形变速率为6mm/a,2007—2010年火山活动趋于平缓,雷达视线向平均形变速率为3mm/a;结合水准和GPS数据分析,发现火山口区域地表抬升明显,远离火山口处较为稳定。文中PSInSAR结果与水准数据能较好地吻合,且在空间上有较大覆盖范围,能更直观地反映火山地表的形变特征。     

断层气氢浓度观测技术试验研究

In order to explore the new technology and methods for seismic underground fluid observation, a test study on measurement of hydrogen concentration in fault gas is carried out at the piedmont fault zone of Zhongtiao Mountain. Through the experiment on observation positions, gas collection devices and sampling depths, the paper presents the observation method for fault gas hydrogen concentration by using an online automatic trace hydrogen analyzer. Comparative tests are conducted on the stability and optimum conditions of this type of instrument in the field environment, and the hydrogen concentrations at different measuring points of the same fault are observed. The results show that it is technically feasible to carry out continuous hydrogen concentration on a fault zone. The method proposed in this study could be a useful tool for setting the observation points, choosing a reasonable observation depth and scientific analysis of the observed data.     

乌龟井地震台氡值变化分析

2013年9月龟井台水氡观测值出现大幅度下降,为了分析其原因,将SD-3B测氡仪与FD-125型两套仪器测得的氡值变化趋势进行对比分析,结合SD-3B测氡仪历年观测资料,对于这一异常现象进行分析,排除各种外界干扰因素以后,认为近期水氡超幅度异常变化是由于降雨骤增地下水动力系统条件改变引起的平衡态转换所致。井水位在-8 m处是临界点。当干旱少雨致使外来渗入补给水不足时,出现井水位低于-8 m,此时很少地表水渗入,观测井水也少有外渗流出,溶解在井水中的氡富集度较高,水氡背景值就在一个较高值的范围内变化。当降水增加致使地下水渗入增加,井水位上升,同时观测井水向外流出,造成地下水动力系统条件改变,氡值就会出现突发性的下降,在井水位高于-8 m后,由于大量渗入的地表水稀释和观测井水向外流出带走大量溶解氡,这一状态下氡浓度会较低,水氡观测背景值在一个较低值范围内变化。     

基于百度地图的应急避难场所查询系统的设计与开发

为了将福建全省各地的应急避难场所以电子地图的形式展示在互联网上,采用百度地图API接口二次编程及JaveScript网页脚本技术,实现每个应急避难场所标注在百度地图平台上,并提供应急避难场所的分布、名称、地址、功能分布图和公交线路查询,建成一个优良的地图可视化服务系统。     

一种地方与区域地震震源机制反演技术：广义极性振幅技术（一）——原理与数值实验

基于数十年来已有的研究进展,提出了一种地方和区域地震震源机制反演技术——广义极性振幅技术（GPAT）,并通过一系列数值实验检验了这种技术的可行性和抗干扰能力.首先,从地震波场概念出发,利用P波初动极性与广义震相振幅构建矢量,建立反演系统,并给出求解技术;然后,考虑影响反演结果的各种因素,包括台站布局、台站数目、随机噪声、震中位置误差、震源深度误差和速度模型误差,分别进行了单一因素影响测试;最后,同时考虑各种因素进行了综合测试.实验结果表明,GPAT是可行的,具有良好的抗干扰能力.需要强调的是,在众多影响因素中,速度模型误差对反演结果的影响最大.     

基于OpenSees的混凝土结构连续倒塌分析中的从属节点建模技术

对重大工程结构进行强地震作用下的连续倒塌全过程分析并建立相应的设计与控制方法,已成为当前地震工程领域的发展趋势。目前,由于数值求解方面的困难,绝大多数针对极端作用下的结构连续倒塌的研究止步于数值临界状态的界定,在分析过程中不能实时地对结构构件的损伤状态进行监测并根据构件的损伤状态对分析模型进行修改。为了实现连续倒塌过程中构件的逐步失效,在OpenSees程序中,基于Beam with Hinges Element构建了端部带附属节点的Beam with Hinges Element,并根据构件失效情况对附属节点的多点约束进行控制。采用三次静力凝聚方法和Newmark-beta法,给出了对此改进建模技术可信的理论背景,方法的准确性通过一个简单框架算例得到了验证。     

汶川地震和东日本大地震反应谱比较与结构Pushover分析

为对比分析5·12汶川地震和3·11东日本大地震的加速度反应谱和结构地震反应特征,挑选132条汶川地震和404条东日本大地震中Ⅱ类场地上的水平向加速度记录,进行统计分析。根据这两次大地震的标准加速度反应谱,给出了拟合谱曲线。将所得拟合谱作为需求谱,分别对6层框架结构和20层框架结构进行了Pushover分析,比较在上述两次大地震下不同框架结构地震反应的差异。结果表明：东日本大地震记录比汶川地震记录具有较明显的长周期地震动特征;两次地震记录的区别在高层框架结构的地震反应上表现得更加明显,东日本大地震记录对具有较长自振周期的结构的地震反应影响更为显著。     

贺兰山中段震旦系盖帽白云岩的沉积特征、区域对比及意义

2011年,作者在贺兰山中段腰坝配件厂地区进行1∶5万区域地质调查时发现了震旦系盖帽白云岩,进而研究了其沉积特征、碳氧同位素组成和时代,并与该区紫花沟兔儿坑组白云岩、华南和华北地台南缘相应地层进行对比.结果表明,盖帽白云岩为含陆源细碎屑白云岩,与兔儿坑组白云岩相近;其δ13C值为-4.7‰～0.79‰,且自下而上呈下降趋势;其时代与华南震旦系下、中部相当,与华北地台南缘震旦系罗圈组的沉积特征和古地理环境相近;与全球Gaskiers冰期有相关性.这对华北地台的古构造、古地理、古气候及动物演化“源头”的研究有重要意义.     

Structural modal parameter identification and damage diagnosis based on Hilbert-Huang transform

Traditional modal parameter identifi cation methods have many disadvantages,especially when used for processing nonlinear and non-stationary signals.In addition,they are usually not able to accurately identify the damping ratio and damage.In this study,methods based on the Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) are investigated for structural modal parameter identifi cation and damage diagnosis.First,mirror extension and prediction via a radial basis function(RBF) neural network are used to restrain the troublesome end-effect issue in empirical mode decomposition(EMD),which is a crucial part of HHT.Then,the approaches based on HHT combined with other techniques,such as the random decrement technique(RDT),natural excitation technique(NExT) and stochastic subspace identifi cation(SSI),are proposed to identify modal parameters of structures.Furthermore,a damage diagnosis method based on the HHT is also proposed.Time-varying instantaneous frequency and instantaneous energy are used to identify the damage evolution of the structure.The relative amplitude of the Hilbert marginal spectrum is used to identify the damage location of the structure.Finally,acceleration records at gauge points from shaking table testing of a 12-story reinforced concrete frame model are taken to validate the proposed approaches.The results show that the proposed approaches based on HHT for modal parameter identifi cation and damage diagnosis are reliable and practical.     

Seismic performance and comparison of three different I beam to box column joints

Despite the inherently advantages of the box column, finding the best option for the I beam to the box column connection is the main challenge in using the box column as a structural member for special moment frames. In this paper, the seismic performance of unreinforced connection, weakened connection and strengthened connection was evaluated through a comprehensive experimental program. The seismic comparisons were fabricated by assessing the strength, ductility and energy dissipation in each configuration. Three full scale tests with several connections were carried out. All the specimens were subjected to cyclic loading and prior to failure by forming a plastic hinge in the beam, all the connections managed to reach an inelastic rotation of more than 6.0% rad. The experimental and analytical results showed that the seismic performance of the strengthened connection with flange and shear plates turned out to be the most effective in the beam to the box column connection. Moreover, the normalized stress distribution of the continuity plates revealed that the possibility of the weld fracture in unreinforced connection is more than other specimens.