应用人工神经网络技术的大型斜拉桥子结构损伤识别研究

本文应用人工神经网络技术对大型斜拉桥结构进行了子结构损伤识别研究。文中首先介绍了子结构损伤识别的基本方法，然后应用自组织竞争神经网络建立了对于大型桥梁结构识别子结构损伤情况的子结构损伤识别方法，并且应用BP网络进一步建立了大型桥梁结构各子结构内部的损伤位置和损伤程度的识别方法，数值模拟了一大跨度斜拉桥子结构损伤以及子结构内部损伤的识别过程，最后得出结论：(1)基于自组织竞争网络的子结构损伤识别方法能迅速准确地识别大型结构的损伤情况；(2)基于BP网络所建立的结构损伤识别方法，能对子结构中结构损伤的位置和程度进行进一步的识别；(3)基于人工神经网络技术的结构损伤识别方法是大型土木工程结构损伤识别的有效方法，可在工程结构损伤识别中广泛应用。     

成像光谱数据建模与分类识别技术研究——以云南腾冲矿区为试验区

在系统分析成像光谱数据特征及岩石矿物具有诊断意义的吸收光谱特征形成机理的基础上，采用基于相关系数测度的光谱匹配技术、基于高斯改进型模型的光谱建模技术及人工神经网络分类算法，实现了岩石矿物光谱特征波形对比分析及诊断光谱信息提取与建模，提高了光谱分类识别算法的计算速度和分类精度。采用上述技术对云南腾冲铀矿区进行实验研究，取得良好效果。     

基于BP神经网络的手写数字识别

介绍了光学字符识别的几种方法以及神经网络的特点，神经网络技术能够解决传统OCR方法所不能解决的问题，同时指出了手写数字识别存在的困难，论证了利用神经网络技术解决这种困难的可能性。本文实现了通过一个含有1个隐藏层的BP网络来识别手写数字，并取得了良好效果，论证了这种技术用于手写数字识别的可行性。     

The Application of BP Networks to Land Suitability Evaluation

The back propagation (BP) model of artificial neural networks (ANN) has many good qualities comparing with ordinary methods in land suitability evaluation.Through analyzing ordinary methods‘ limitations,some sticking points of BP model used in land evaluation,such as network structure,learning algorithm,etc.,are discussed in detail,The land evaluation of Qionghai city is used as a case study.Fuzzy comprehensive assessment method was also employed in this evaluation for validating and comparing.     

基于神经网络的西藏拉萨地区生态环境分类

根据生态环境分类指标的科学性、完备性、简洁性和数据的可获取性,选取了影响拉萨地区生态环境的主要地形和气候因子高程、坡向、≥0℃积温、年平均温度、年平均降水量、潜在蒸散量和湿润度等7个有代表性的指标,利用GIS的空间内插方法将所有这些指标转成100 m×100 m的空间珊格数据,再根据每个指标特定的地理和环境意义进行指标的分带,对7个指标进行主成分分析后提取主要信息。通过选择4个典型样区作为训练区,对拉萨地区的生态环境进行了分类。结果表明,拉萨地区的主要生态环境类型包括河谷农业类型、山地草原类型、高山草甸类型及高山裸岩及冰雪类型。其中,高山草甸和山地草原生态环境类型占主导,分别为10 768.52 km2和10 646.6 km2,各占总面积的36.61%和36.20%,而河谷农业类型占总面积的10.75%。此外,拉萨地区分布有较大面积的高山裸岩及冰雪区生态环境类型,面积为总面积的14.16%。作为特殊类型的生态环境类型,拉萨地区境内的纳木错的湖泊面积是668.76 km2,占该湖面积的近一半和拉萨地区总面积的2.27%。     

Modelling long-term groundwater fluctuations by extreme learning machine using hydro-climatic data

The ability of the extreme learning machine (ELM) is investigated in modelling groundwater level (GWL) fluctuations using hydro-climatic data obtained for Hormozgan Province, southern Iran. Monthly precipitation, evaporation and previous GWL data were used as model inputs. Developed ELM models were compared with the artificial neural networks (ANN) and radial basis function (RBF) models. The models were also compared with the autoregressive moving average (ARMA), and evaluated using mean square errors, mean absolute error, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency and determination coefficient statistics. All the data-driven models had better accuracy than the ARMA, and the ELM model’s performance was superior to that of the ANN and RBF models in modelling 1-, 2- and 3-month-ahead GWL. The RMSE accuracy of the ANN model was increased by 37, 34 and 52% using ELM for the 1-, 2- and 3-month-ahead forecasts, respectively. The accuracy of the ELM models was found to be less sensitive to increasing lead time.     

Long-range forecasting of suspended sediment

This study examines the employment of two methods, multiple linear regression (MLR) and an artificial neural network (ANN), for multistep ahead forecasting of suspended sediment. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is considered for one-step ahead forecasting of sediment series in order to provide a comparison with the MLR and ANN methods. For one- and two-step ahead forecasting, the ANN model performance is superior to that of the MLR model. For longer ranges, MLR models provide better accuracy, but there is an important assumption violation. The Durbin-Watson statistics of the MLR models show a noticeable decrease from 1.3 to 0.5, indicating that the residuals are not dependent over time. The scatterplots of the three methods (MLR, ARIMA and ANN) for one-step ahead forecasting for the validation period illustrate close fits with the regression line, with the ANN configuration having a slightly higher R² value.     

基于遗传自组织神经元网络的可见光与热红外遥感数据融合方法(英文)

The multi-source data fusion methods are rarely involved in VNIR and thermal infrared remote sensing at present.Therefore,the potential advantages of the two kinds of data have not yet been adequately tapped,which results in low calculation precision of parameters related with land surface temperature.A new fusion method is put forward where the characteristics of the high spatial resolution of VNIR(visible and near infrared) data and the high temporal resolution of thermal infrared data are fully explored ...     

Basin‐scale stream‐flow forecasting using the information of large‐scale atmospheric circulation phenomena

It is well recognized that the time series of hydrologic variables, such as rainfall and streamflow are significantly influenced by various large‐scale atmospheric circulation patterns. The influence of El Niño‐southern oscillation (ENSO) on hydrologic variables, through hydroclimatic teleconnection, is recognized throughout the world. Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) has been proved to be significantly influenced by ENSO. Recently, it was established that the relationship between ISMR and ENSO is modulated by the influence of atmospheric circulation patterns over the Indian Ocean region. The influences of Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) mode and equatorial Indian Ocean oscillation (EQUINOO) on ISMR have been established in recent research. Thus, for the Indian subcontinent, hydrologic time series are significantly influenced by ENSO along with EQUINOO. Though the influence of these large‐scale atmospheric circulations on large‐scale rainfall patterns was investigated, their influence on basin‐scale stream‐flow is yet to be investigated. In this paper, information of ENSO from the tropical Pacific Ocean and EQUINOO from the tropical Indian Ocean is used in terms of their corresponding indices for stream‐flow forecasting of the Mahanadi River in the state of Orissa, India. To model the complex non‐linear relationship between basin‐scale stream‐flow and such large‐scale atmospheric circulation information, artificial neural network (ANN) methodology has been opted for the present study. Efficient optimization of ANN architecture is obtained by using an evolutionary optimizer based on a genetic algorithm. This study proves that use of such large‐scale atmospheric circulation information potentially improves the performance of monthly basin‐scale stream‐flow prediction which, in turn, helps in better management of water resources. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.