东营凹陷南斜坡沙四下亚段—孔店组原油地球化学特征及成因分类

东营凹陷南斜坡沙四下亚段—孔店组为一套紫红色或红色碎屑岩沉积,本身不具备生烃能力,因此对该层段原油成因的研究具有重要意义。在系统分析17个油砂和5个原油样品的生物标志物组合特征的基础上,将该区原油划分为4种成因类型。Ⅰ类原油分布于平方王地区和博兴洼陷,Pr/Ph0.8,Ph/nC180.6,伽马蜡烷含量极低,4-甲基甾烷、重排甾烷含量相对高,Ts/Tm、藿烷/甾烷值相对高,可能来源于一套淡水湖相环境下形成的、富含粘土矿物的泥岩。Ⅱ类原油分布于纯化—乐安构造带、陈官庄构造带,Pr/Ph0.6,Ph/nC182,伽马蜡烷含量高,4-甲基甾烷、重排甾烷含量低,Ts/Tm和藿烷/甾烷值低,可能与一套盐湖相泥岩或灰质泥岩有成因关系。Ⅲ类原油分布于青城北缓坡构造带,检测出25-降藿烷系列,伽马蜡烷含量介于Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类之间,可能为早期充注的Ⅱ类原油遭受生物降解后和晚期充注的Ⅰ类原油形成的混源油,且以晚期充注为主。Ⅳ类原油分布于王家岗地区孔店组,具有C29甾烷绝对优势和高含量的伽马蜡烷,推断为Ⅱ类原油和一种来源于浅湖—沼泽相的原油形成的混源油。     

鄂尔多斯盆地东南部富黄探区延长组长6段物源分析

上三叠统延长组长6段是鄂尔多斯盆地富黄探区主力油层组之一,南部与东北部物源交汇区主控物源不清,通过碎屑组分分析、轻矿物分析、砂岩粒度分析和微量元素地球化学分析等方法对其物源进行了综合研究.研究结果表明,东北部物源区是富黄探区延长组长6段沉积的主物源区;其母岩主要为来自盆地东北缘太古宙及古元古代变质岩,而不存在南部或东部物源体系,并且砂体展布与物源具有很好的对应性.     

地理科学与资源研究所80年回顾及展望

2020年中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所建所80周年。回眸80年,从1940年重庆北碚成立的中国地理研究所,到1953年重新组建的中国科学院地理研究所和1956年成立的中国科学院自然资源综合考察委员会,再到1999年地理研究所和自然资源综合考察委员会整合形成现在的地理科学与资源研究所,几经变迁,历经三代人努力,研究所始终如一,求真务实,开拓进取,推动着地理科学与资源科学的创新发展,为国家建设发展和生态文明进步做出了重要贡献。适逢建所80周年,本文回顾地理资源所发展历程,总结取得的重要科研成果,并展望未来发展。     

川南观音场-瓦市地区须家河组六段储层特征及其控制因素

通过对4条野外剖面、40口并岩心样品及84张薄片的观察和测井等资料的分析,对川南观音场-瓦市地区须六段的岩石学特征、孔隙类型、孔隙结构及孔渗特征等进行了深入研究。结果表明:川南地区须六段岩性主要为中-细粒长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑石英砂岩,孔隙度在6%~10%之间,平均孔隙度为7.3%。渗透率为0.03×10^-3μm²~0.9×10^-3μm²,平均渗透率为0.177×10^-3μm²。储层属于典型的低孔低渗储层,储集空间主要为粒间孔和粒内溶孔。在平面上,储层物性受沉积相带的控制;在垂向上,随深度的增加,压实作用和胶结作用使物性急剧变差。绿泥石的环边胶结作用、长石的溶蚀作用对储层物性起建设性作用,构造作用极大地改善了储层的物性。     

胜坨地区沙四上亚段物源体系分析

物源问题的研究对于了解和确定研究区有利沉积相带及储集砂体的分布、寻找有利油气储集层具有重要意义。胜坨地区沙四上勘探程度相对较低,前人关于目的层段的物源体系的研究成果很少。为了进一步查清研究区沙四上沉积时期砂体成因和物源方向,更好地预测砂体的分布,本文综合运用地震、测井、地球化学等资料,采用古地貌分析法、沉积砂体岩屑类型对比法、砂岩百分含量法和沉积物特征元素等方法探讨了胜坨地区沙四上亚段砂体的物源方向,并结合特征元素物源指数判别公式对沙四上亚段物源体系实现了定量评价。综合分析认为研究区沙四上亚段具有多物源体系特征,除了直接来自于胜北断层和坨94断层上升盘的物源外,还有沿着胜北断层与坨94断层转换带处的物源体系。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

川中高石梯地区灯四段藻丘类型与沉积模式

四川盆地高石梯地区震旦系灯影组四段台缘带油气资源储量巨大,藻丘的发育是优质储层形成的基础,因此讨论四川盆地高石梯地区的藻丘类型与沉积模式就显得尤为重要.通过岩心观察、薄片鉴定并结合测井资料,详细阐述了高石梯地区灯四段的藻丘类型与沉积模式.研究结果表明:1)该地区岩石类型可分为富藻类云岩和贫藻类云岩:富藻类云岩是藻丘的丘...     

The δ60/58Ni Values of Twenty‐Six Selected Geological Reference Materials

The high‐precision δ^60/58Ni values of twenty‐six geological reference materials, including igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, stream sediments, soils and plants are reported. The δ^60/58Ni values of all samples were determined by double‐spike MC‐ICP‐MS (Nu Plasma III). Isotope standard solution (NIST SRM 986) and geological reference materials (BHVO‐2, BCR‐2, JP‐1, PCC‐1, etc.) were used to evaluate the measurement bias and intermediate precision over a period of six months. Our results show that the intermediate precision of Ni isotope determination was 0.05‰ (2s, n = 69) for spiked NIST SRM 986 and typically 0.06‰ for actual samples, and the δ^60/58Ni _{NIST SRM 986} values were in excellent agreement with previous studies. Eighteen high‐precision Ni isotope ratios of geological reference materials are first reported here, and their δ^60/58Ni values varied from ?0.27‰ to 0.52‰, with a mean of 0.13 ± 0.34‰ (2s, n = 18). Additionally, SGR‐1b (0.56 ± 0.04‰, 2s), GSS‐1 (?0.27 ± 0.06‰, 2s), GSS‐7 (?0.11 ± 0.01‰, 2s), GSD‐10 (0.46 ± 0.06‰, 2s) and GSB‐12 (0.52 ± 0.06‰, 2s) could potentially serve as candidate reference materials for Ni isotope fractionation and comparison of Ni isotopic compositions among different laboratories.     

Detection and temporal variation of Co in the digestive glands of the common octopus, Octopus vulgaris, in the East China Sea

⁶⁰Co were detected in common octopus specimens collected in the East China Sea in 1996-2005. The source of ⁶⁰Co has remained unclear yet. Stable isotope analyses showed that there was no difference in stable Co concentrations between octopus samples with ⁶⁰Co and without ⁶⁰Co. This result showed that the stable Co in the digestive gland of octopus potentially did not include a trace amount of ⁶⁰Co and the source of ⁶⁰Co existed independently. Furthermore, investigations of octopus in other area and other species indicated that the origin of the source of ⁶⁰Co occurred locally in the restricted area in the East China Sea and not in the coastal area of Japan. Concentrations of ⁶⁰Co have annually decreased with shorter half-life than the physical half-life. This decrease tendency suggests that the sources of ⁶⁰Co were identical and were temporary dumped into the East China Sea as a solid waste.     

《地球科学与环境学报》出版“庆祝长安大学建校七十周年专辑”的编辑策略

2021年4月18日,长安大学迎来建校七十周年。为了庆祝这一重要时刻,《地球科学与环境学报》出版了“庆祝长安大学建校七十周年专辑”,分上、中、下三册(2021年第1期、第2期和第3期),共发表39篇高质量论文,以期汇聚地球科学与环境领域高端人才,为学校相关学科高质量发展和科技创新建言献策。总结了《地球科学与环境学报》出版“庆祝长安大学建校七十周年专辑”的编辑策略,包括组稿策划、出版过程和宣传方式。组稿策划主要包括拟定征稿通知、确定组稿对象、邀请专家学者赐稿、定期询问稿件准备情况等。出版过程主要包括严格执行“三审三校”制度,创造性开展封面设计、创意扉页设计和致谢形式多样化实践,采用中国知网网络首发确保论文第一时间与读者见面。宣传方式主要包括组稿时在官方网站以及出版后在官方微信公众号针对每篇论文发布动态消息,组稿阶段及时向专家学者汇报专辑来稿最新进展,走访地球科学与环境领域高校及科研院所,参加相关学术会议并向专家学者赠送本次专辑。上述措施的高效实施确保了“庆祝长安大学建校七十周年专辑”既是一本高质量专辑,更是一本有温度的专辑。