介形类壳体中Sr/Ca及Mg/Ca比值的ICP-AES测定

沉积物中介形类壳体的Ｓｒ／Ｃａ和Ｍｇ／Ｃａ比值可用于湖泊古盐度和古温度的重建。本文从双通道顺序扫描式ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ的特点出发,对μｇ级介形类样品中的低含量元素Ｓｒ和Ｍｇ选择最灵敏谱线和最佳通道,对各项条件进行最优化。Ｓｒ和Ｍｇ的检测限分别为１．１μｇ／Ｌ和１．４μｇ／Ｌ。本文以此法准确测定了介形类样品中Ｓｒ／Ｃａ比值和Ｍｇ／Ｃａ比值,回收率实验结果令人满意。     

High-resolution magnetostratigraphy and micropalaeontology across the J/K boundary strata at Brodno near ilina, western Slovakia: summary of results

This study summarizes the final results of magnetostratigraphic and micropalaeontological investigations of the Tithonian/Berriasian boundary (J/K) limestones at the locality of Brodno near ilina, Western Carpathians, West Slovakia. The aim is to prepare the background for correlation of a Late Tithonian and Early Berriasian biostratigraphic zonation with global magnetoevents (manifested in detailed magnetostratigraphic profiles) between the Tethyan realm and other regions, particularly the Boreal and Pacific realms. Suitable physical properties of the limestones studied, a favourable geological setting and rich microfossil assemblages (calpionellids) at Brodno (magnetozones M21r to M18r) allowed a systematic collection of new data on the original synoptic section, which now has the character of a high-resolution profile across the J/K boundary. Two reverse subzones detected within magnetozones M20n and M19n are named ‘Kysuca Subzone’ and ‘Brodno Subzone’, respectively. Both can be correlated with analogous subzones in the M-sequence of marine anomalies. Their existence can also be confirmed in the Bosso Valley section in Umbria, central Italy. A detailed study of the interval between magnetozones M20n and M17r in the Bosso Valley profile is presently in its final stage. Both magnetostratigraphic profiles, from the Brodno and Bosso Valley localities, were thoroughly investigated in the intervals close to the J/K boundary and are still unique among continent-based profiles in the detection and precise definition of both reverse subzones within M20n and M19n. Samples collected from the boundary strata of the reverse Kysuca Subzone at Brodno indicated a transition from N (R) to R (N) polarity of the Earth's palaeomagnetic field within a time interval of c. ±5 ka. Limestone samples (total number N=368) were subjected to progressive thermal demagnetization in 10–12 thermal fields and to subsequent multi-component analysis of remanence. The C-component, as the carrier of palaeomagnetic directions, was determined in the temperature interval of 300° to 540°, or possibly 580°C. Magnetomineralogical analyses of pilot samples and unblocking temperatures determined for all samples showed that magnetite is the carrier of remanent magnetization. The positions of the individual events of calpionellid stratigraphy relative to the global magnetic polarity timescale are precisely defined. The base of the Calpionella Standard Zone, which is considered a provisional J/K boundary indicator in ammonite-free sections in the Tethyan realm, lies within magnetozone M19n at the level of 35% of its local thickness. None of the boundaries in the calpionellid zonation coincides precisely with any of those in the palaeomagnetic zonation, but the first appearance ofCalpionella grandalpina , indicating the base of the Intermedia Subzone, lies in close proximity to the base of magnetozone M19r.     

中高渗透稠油油藏大孔道动态评价

在中高渗油藏的水驱开发过程中,由于水流的长期冲刷作用,储层岩石的部分颗粒发生运移,伴随着油井出砂储层大孔道逐渐发育,边底水或注入水无效循环严重,影响油藏的开发效果.以高浅北区G104-5区块高渗透稠油油藏为例,基于现场油水井生产特征优选了10个评价大孔道发育程度的动静态指标参数,应用层次分析法确定指标权重;综合考虑油水...     

德国联邦地学研究中心与全德天然气水合物研究

简要介绍了德国联邦地学研究中心及全德天然气水合物调查研究现状与成果,特别是对“太阳号”在“水合物海脊”和SO177-1航次在中国南海等的科学调查及研究成果进行了介绍。     

中低纬度系统相互作用过程的中尺度风场分析

以山东济南和滨州两部S波段多普勒雷达的观测数据为基础,采用直接合成的方法,反演台风“利奇马”和西风槽相遇引发极端降水过程的中尺度系统三维风场。（1）冷暖空气交汇产生的切变线长时间维持是西风槽与台风相互作用过程中产生极端降水的关键,暖空气先进后退,表现为东南气流和西北气流先后越过雷达站,垂直方向出现复合切变;（2）最强上升运动出现在对流单体回波梯度最大的区域,最大下沉运动出现在回波顶下风方,中低层回波中心均为弱风速区;（3）发展中的对流单体各层均有气旋式入流,成熟的对流单体高层出流有反气旋式出流;（4）风垂直切变是雨团降水增幅的主要影响因素,成熟期的雨团具有低质心对流单体风暴的结构形态,垂直运动达到最强。     

金鸡滩井田开采地质条件的模糊综合评判

煤炭开采方式受开采地质条件控制。开采地质条件包含多种因素,每一因素对采矿方式的适应度没有明显的界限,只是模糊概念。将影响金鸡滩井田煤炭生产的地质因素分为煤层赋存特征、构造发育特征和其他因素3大类以及14个评价因子;采用“降半梯形”法和专家打分法确定其隶属度和权重值;通过二级模糊综合评判,结果显示,金鸡滩井田比较适合机械化综采。经与同一矿区内邻近生产矿井类比,评判结果是合理的。      

丰宁银矿岩体控矿规律及其意义

丰宁银矿为与隐爆作用有关的银矿床,是近年来冀北地区发现的重要矿床类型,工业矿体的产出严格受隐爆角砾岩体控制,具体表现为矿体多于熔浆角砾岩与震碎角砾岩的内接触带产出,矿体厚度和工业矿体银的品位也受角砾岩体控制.该规律对矿床的深部矿化远景评价及该区找矿均具有一定的指导意义.     

云南金顶铅锌矿床成矿流体与流体的稀土元素研究

金顶铅锌矿床流体包裹体的显微测温和流体的稀土元素特征表明:金顶矿区成矿流体均一温度为54℃～309℃,平均143℃,盐度(ω(NaCl),下文同)为1.6%～18.0%,平均6.0%.在矿区,由东向西、由北向南温度逐渐降低,而盐度从东向西稍有降低,但是从北向南却是增加的.从第一矿化阶段到第三矿化阶段,稀土总量和LREE/HREE都是逐步增加的,轻稀土富集程度逐步增强,并且轻、重稀土内部分异程度也由轻稀土分馏程度大于重稀土分馏程度变为重稀土分馏程度大于轻稀土分馏程度,并且流体有从还原环境向氧化环境转变的趋势.     

松潘-摩天岭地区金矿定位预测研究

松潘-摩天岭地区是目前金矿找矿的重点地区之一。文章在广泛收集已有地质、物探、化探、遥感等资料的基础上,基于GIS建立了该区的地学空间数据库。通过成矿条件分析,选取了六大类78个标志信息,利用“矿床位置预测系统”中的信息量计算法,圈出了信息总量异常区,再结合地质、矿产及化探等资料的综合分析,进行了金矿定位预测,取得了良好的应用效果。     

Kinetic Modeling the Formation of Low-mature Gases and Analysis of the Possibility to Be Accumulated

At present, shallow gases have received much attention due to low cost in exploration and production. Low-mature gases, as one significant origin to shallow gas, turns to be an important research topic. The present understanding of low-mature gases is confined within some geological cases, and few laboratory studies have been reported. Therefore, the potential and characters of low- mature gases are not clear up to now. Here, two premature samples （one coal and the other shale） were pyrolyzed in a gold confined system. The gaseous components including hydrocarbon gases and non-hydrocarbon gases were analyzed. Based on kinetic modeling, the formation of low-mature gases was modeled. The results showed that during low mature stage, about 178 mL/gTOC gas was generated from the shale and 100 mL/gTOC from the coal. Two third to three fourth of the generated gases are non-hydrocarbon gases such as H2S and CO2. The total yields of C1-5 for the two samples are almost the same, 30-40 mL/gTOC, but individual gaseous hydrocarbon is different. The shale has much lower C1 but higher C2-5, whereas the coal has higher C1 but lower C2-5. Hydrocarbon gases formed during low-mature stage are very wet. The stable carbon isotope ratios of methane range from -40‰ to -50‰ （PDB）, in good consistence with empiric criterion for low-mature gases summed up by the previous researchers. The generation characters suggest that the low-mature gases could be accumulated to form an economic gas reservoir, but most of them occur only as associated gases.