从“阿里郎”到“罗老”号——韩国天文与空间科学简介

韩国的古天文学是东亚天文的重要组成部分。现在,朝鲜半岛上依然存留着不少当时的天文设施,这些遗迹正是那个时代灿烂成就的见证。不过作为近邻,我们对韩国现代天文学或许并不太了解。在这里我们和大家聊聊韩国的天文学和空间科学。     

韩国软玉的宝石学特征研究

近年来市场上出现的韩国软玉具有一定的宝石学价值和商业价值。在对当地区域地质进行一定了解的基础上,通过市场调研及运用现代测试方法对韩国软玉的矿物成分、化学成分和宝石学性质进行了较为系统的研究。通过显微镜下观察,韩国软玉的主要矿物成分为透闪石,含量在98%左右,交代残余结构明显,但仍以毛毡状变晶结构为主。电子探针分析结果显示:韩国软玉在化学成分上与理论值较接近。运用X射线粉晶衍射仪对韩国软玉分析表明,主要矿物成分为透闪石,其各项参数指标与标准透闪石接近,含有少量方解石、蛇纹石,结晶度较好。韩国闪石玉矿床初步推断为花岗岩与白云质大理岩的接触交代矿床,这一观点与传统的新疆和田玉玉石矿床相似。     

天津市气象代表团赴韩国气象部门考察报告

2003年11月20～26日，以天津市气象局局长王宗信为团长、陕西省气象局副局长胡宜平为副团长的天津市气象代表团一行8人，先后对韩国大田地方气象厅和韩国气象厅进行了友好访问，并按原有约定进行了有关业务技术交流。     

赴韩参加第五届东亚冬季风预报联合会商会情况汇报

第五届东亚冬季风预报联合会商会于2004年11月12～13日在韩国釜山召开。本届会商会由韩国气象厅(KMA)主办，参加会议的除中国气象局外，还有汉城大学、釜山大学，日本气象厅(JMA)及APCN(APEC气候中心)的代表。     

Rare-earth element geochemistry as a tracer for clarifying the provenance of the stream sediments in Namhan River, Korea

In the last forty years, the rare-earth elements （REEs） have been used as a powerful tool for solving various geological and geochemical problems due to their unique and chemically coherent behavior. The river sediments are produced by weathering, transportation and deposition. Nesbitt suggested that the rare-earth elements had been mobilized and fractionated during supracrustal alteration of the Torrongo granite, southeastern Australia. Nevertheless, recently, our replicate estimation for REE patterns in sediments revealed that there is nearly no variation in REE patterns. This suggests that invariability of REE patterns in weathering and solidification can be used as a tracer for constraining the provenance of stream sediments. In order to trace the pathway of the river sediments geochemically, based on the REE geochemistry from the river sediments and rocks, we have monitored the REE abundance of stream sediments at branch rivers of the Namhan River in South Korea for three years. The branches studied are Bokhacheon, Shinduncheon and Yanghwacheon. The sediments were divided into coarse （〉300 μm） and fine fractions （〈300 μm）. As a result, we could observe that major element compositions were similar to each other regardless of particle size and sampling date. This suggests that it is difficult to deduce a geochemical difference between river sediments based on major element composition and particle size. The geochemical characteristics of surrounding soils were similar to those of fine river sediments. And the chondrite-normalized REE patterns of most of the fine and coarse sediments in combination with grain sizes and drainage area showed very close relationship with the surrounding rocks. However, some sites showed that there were large variations in REE patterns including total REE abundance and Eu anomaly due to feldspars. This variation trend of REE patterns suggests that changes might have happened in sediment supply for the drainage system in the study area due to floods or large-scale construction.     

韩国气象通信传输系统

韩国气象通信传输网基本依托国家通信系统,其网络结构分为ＫＭＡ本厅、地方气象厅、各气象台（雷达气象台）、观测所（ＡＷＳ－自动气象站）４级。１　ＫＭＡ本厅　　通信传输引进美国ＮＲ４６３６主机（６４位机,速率为９２０ｍｉｐｓ、内存为５２０ｍｂｙｔｅ、２０ＧＢ磁盘）为核心构成一个运行ＴＣＰ／ＩＰ协议的以太网,并经Ｒｏｕｔｅｒ与各地方气象厅构成计算机广域通信网。２　地方厅（江陵、釜山、大田等）　　通信传输引进美国ＮＲ４４１２主机为核心,配置ＷＥＬＣＯＭ２００和ＳＴＡＲＭＵＸ２０００构成上连ＫＭＡ本厅、下连…     

三八线--朝鲜半岛抹不去的伤痕

朝鲜半岛是从亚洲东北大陆伸出的一个狭长半岛，南北长800多千米，东西宽170～340千米，面积约22万平方千米。大同江和汉江蜿蜒曲折，分别经平壤和汉城奔流入海。这两条江河曾在漫漫历史岁月中维系着同一民族的芸芸众生，孕育出同一种文化。从公元1世纪起，朝鲜半岛就出现了一个统一的王朝；14世纪时定国号为“朝鲜”。然而在当今世界地图上，朝鲜半岛总是被醒目地分成了两块——朝鲜和韩国。朝鲜南北被三八线无情地分开。     

调水的环境代价：从韩国大运河到印度调水工程

一个人平均一年至少要消耗1000立方米的淡水,才能保证其基本的饮用、健康和粮食需要。能否满足这个需要,取决于一个人生活在什么地方。比如在撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲,常年的干旱使