Denitrification potential of marsh soils in two natural saline-alkaline wetlands

Little information is available on denitrification potential of marsh soils in natural saline-alkaline wetlands. The denitrification potentials of an open wetland in the floodplain(Erbaifangzi wetland) and a closed wetland(Fulaowenpao wetland) in backwater areas in Jilin Province of Northeast China were monitored by an anaerobic incubation at 30℃ for 25 days. Our results showed that the relative denitrification index(RDI) increased gradually with incubation time, and showed a rapid increase in the first 5 days of incubation. The RDI values declined quickly from surface soils to subsurface soils and then kept a small change in deeper soils along soil profiles over the incubation time. Denitrification proceeded much faster in the top 20 cm soils of open wetland than in the closed wetland, whereas no significant differences in RDI values were observed in deeper soils between both wetlands. The RDIs were significantly negatively correlated with bulk density and sand content, while a significantly positive correlation with clay content, soil organic matter, total nitrogen and phosphorous. The maximum net NO–3-N loss through denitrification in 1 m depth were higher in the open wetland than the closed wetland with higher soil pH values. Future research should be focused on understanding the influencing mechanisms of soil alkalinity.     

全球地表覆盖遥感制图项目通过评审

近日,国家863计划重点项目“全球地表覆盖遥感制图与关键技术研究”项目在京通过国家测绘地理信息局组织的专家评审。全球地表覆盖遥感制图与关键技术研究项目通过建立以地表覆盖类型精细化提取、多源影像最优化处理、参考资料信息化整合、     

关注我们脚下的环境

正今年4月22日是第45个世界地球日,一份《全国土壤污染状况调查公报》却让我们对赖以生存的地球担忧起来:我国耕地土壤点位污染物超标率为19.4%,镉、镍、铜、砷、汞、铅、滴滴涕(双对氯苯基三氯乙烷)和多环芳烃成为罪魁祸首。作为百姓"米袋子"、"菜篮子"的耕地土壤正在受到越来越多的污染,甚至威胁到我们每天食用的蔬菜、水果、粮食这些"舌尖上的安全"。或许这些污染并不像烟囱中冒的黑烟、河流里淌的污水那么直观、但它们的确就在我们身边——我们的土壤现状近日,环境保护部和国土资源部联合发布《全国土壤污染状况调查公报》。调查结果显示,全国     

上海:高效用地背后的地质杠杆

正繁华拥挤的上海,建设用地占比45%,几近规划设定的"天花板"。今年上半年,上海连续发布多个土地节约集约利用政策,大力促进存量建设用地盘活利用,进一步提高土地利用质量,以土地利用方式转变促进经济转型升级。日前,记者专程前往上海采访,不过这次吸引记者的并不是土地政策本身,而是上海系列土地新政背后,地质工作为"节约集约利用土地,转变土地利用方式"提供的服务与支撑。     

耕地“净土”探路

正4月17日下午,《全国土壤污染状况调查公报》(简称《公报》)发布十几分钟后,李尧迅速将内容转到公司网站和微信圈里。作为北京一家土壤污染修复企业的负责人,李尧看到了所处行业的前景。"数据公开,表明了政府治理土壤污染的决心。"作为土壤污染的"重灾区",耕地的土壤修复却是业界公认的难点。近期,国家启动了湖南省长株潭重金属污染耕地修复综合治理试点,并提供专     

三级联动 群测群防——安阳市龙安区地质灾害防治工作再上新台阶

正安阳市龙安区地处豫北丘陵地区,境内地表形态西高东低,低山丘陵区约占全区总面积的五分之四,地质灾害防治工作尤为突出。近年来,龙安区坚持"以人为本、预防为主、防治结合"的原则,深化地质灾害防治机制,实行区、乡、村三级群测群防联动机制,开创了地质灾害防治工作新局面。健全领导工作机制。按照国土     

石旮旯变高产地——贵州省耕作层土壤剥离利用纪略

正地处云贵高原的贵州省,是全国唯一没有平原支撑的省份,山地和丘陵占全省面积的93%,喀斯特地貌占全省面积的62%,山多、石多、土少,优质耕地更少,耕作层土壤尤为稀缺。按照国家耕地质量15个自然等级标准,贵州省没有1~7等耕地,652万亩8~9等耕地是全省最好的耕地,人均仅0.16亩。按照贵州省委、省政府确定的人均0.5亩旱涝保收地的目标,全省还需建设高标准基本农田1398万亩。     

广西北部湾土壤地球化学基准值与背景值特征

文章统计了广西北部湾地区深层土壤地球化学基准值与表层土壤背景值,并且对表深层土壤元素含量特征进行对比研究。结果显示,大部分表层土壤元素对深层土壤有一定的继承性,少部分元素如Cd、N、P、Cl、S、有机碳等受表生迁移活动和人为活动因素影响又与深层土壤有所差异。     

Results of a CLM4 Land Surface Simulation over China Using a Multisource Integrated Land Cover Dataset

In this study, the high-accuracy multisource integrated Chinese land cover （MICLCover） dataset was used in version 4 of the Community Land Model （CLM4） to assess how the new land cover information affected land surface simulation over China. Compared to the default land cover dataset in CLM4, the MICL data indicated lower values for bare soil （14.6% reduction）, nee- dleleaf tree （3.6%）, and broadleaf tree （1.9%）; higher values for shrub cover （1.8% increase）, grassland （9.9%）, cropland （5.0%）, glaciers （0.5%）, lakes （1.6%）, and wetland （1.1%）; and unchanged for urban areas. Two comparative CLM4 simulations were conducted for the 33-yr period from 1972 to 2004, one using the MICL dataset and the other using the default dataset. The results revealed that the MICL data produced a 0.3% lower mean annual surface albedo over China than the original data. The largest contributor to the reduced value was semiarid regions （2.1% reduction）. The MICL-data albedo value agreed more closely with observations （MODIS broad- band black-sky albedo products） over arid and semiarid regions than for the original data to some extent. The simulated average sensible heat flux over China increased by only 0.1 W m 2 owing to the reduced values in arid and semiarid regions, as opposed to increases in humid and semihumid regions, while an increased latent heat flux of I W m-2 was reflected in almost identical changes over the whole region. In addition, the mean annual runoff simulated by CLM4 using MICL data decreased by 6.8 mm yr-1, primarily due to large simulated decreases in humid regions.     

地形地貌发育时间与古地形反演

地形地貌是构造过程与地表过程等相互竞争的结果,古地形重建与地貌演化研究将有助于理解这些过程及其相互作用关系。传统的地形地貌演化研究多基于14 C、释光、磁性地层等定年手段,定性或半定量地分析构造活动与地表侵蚀对地形地貌发育的影响。随着相关技术手段的发展,低温热年代学方法已不仅仅局限于构造地质学领域的造山带构造-热演化历史研究,目前已用于重建地形地貌演化历史。基于这一背景,在概述低温热年代学基本原理的基础上,结合自己的研究,主要介绍了该方法在地形地貌发育时间、古地形反演等方面的研究进展以及研究中需要注意的一些问题。文章最后指出,寻求具有更低封闭温度的低温热年代学测年体系是这方面研究的努力方向。