旧石器遗址动物骨骼表面非人工痕迹研究及其考古学意义

骨骼表面痕迹观察是旧石器时代动物考古学研究中的一个重要手段。通常情况下,在切割痕、砍砸痕、烧灼痕等古人类行为活动痕迹之外,考古遗址出土的动物骨骼表面都有多种非人工痕迹的保留。但是,相对于人工改造痕迹而言,国内考古学家对于后者的关注与研究却明显不足。本文以考古研究中最为常见的肉食类齿痕、啮齿类啮咬痕、水流磨蚀痕、踩踏痕、生物/化学腐蚀痕以及风化痕迹等为例,系统介绍它们的产生机理、主要鉴别特征、分布规律以及研究案例,并对其在旧石器时代动物考古学研究中的意义进行讨论与阐述。     

张衡地动仪(2)：史料和考证

Historical data regarding Zhang Heng＇s seismoscope is not singular proof. Actually, the four earliest historical documents, i. e. , Continuation of Historiography of Han Dynasty, Historiography of the Later Han, Book of the Later Han and Ding Record all have relevant records of its structure, size, principle, response to earthquake and actual applications. These five aspects are supported by archaeological research, unearthed cultural relics, historical earthquakes and modern seismological study. These historical materials contain a great deal of specific information about this ancient seismoscope. In conclusion, the authenticity and reliability of Zhang Heng＇s seismoscope are verified.     

进步性进化

古生物的进化有宏观上的不断进步和阶段性进化的特点。     

Environmental archaeology on Longshan Culture （4500-4000 aBP） at Yuhuicun Site in Bengbu, Anhui Province

Based on the samples collected from the west wall of the ABYT2004 at Yuhuicun Site in Bengbu,Anhui Province,the multi-environmental substitute indexes such as the grain-size,Rb/Sr,zircon crystal morphology and magnetic susceptibility were analyzed.The age of archaeological strata was determined by AMS14C dating.According to the results,combined with the information of the ancient human activities and the cultural heritage data obtained from the Longshan cultural archaeological strata,it can be concluded tha...     

玉界新贵——长白石

在中华民族的发展历史中,珠宝美玉一直是帝王将相、皇宫后妃的珍爱和收藏。考古学家在确定朝代和王公身份的甄别中,一块绝世的美玉可以确定皇帝皇后的显贵,一块上乘的饰品也可验明王公后妃的荣辱。     

恐龙的黑暗时光

尽管恐龙的灭顶之灾可能开始于一场史无前例的大火。但是结束于冰川时期的暗无天日。无论恐龙怎样躲过开始的大灾难．或者挖洞．或者躲藏在水里。但当重见天日的时候都会发现世界正在迅速地变得寒冷而黑暗。没有温暖和阳光。食物迅速变得稀少。     

环境考古·聚落考古·史前聚落地理

环境考古学具有以地理学、第四纪环境学为代表的自然科学和以考古学为代表的人文科学两大学科基础。分别由地学与考古学主导的环境考古研究由于学科背景的不同常常处于脱节状态。史前聚落具备的"自然"、"人文"双重属性使其成为联接环境考古两大研究体系的桥梁,并成为地学与考古学主导的环境考古研究相同的发展方向与研究趋势。但是,以社会人类学为基础的聚落考古学关注人类社会的发展状态,其以复原史前社会形态为最终目标。与此不同,以地理学为基础的史前聚落地理研究重视自然环境与人类社会的交互作用,并以史前人地关系及其演化为最终目标。尽管如此,交叉学科特征明显的史前聚落地理研究需要包括地学、考古学等诸多相关学科的积极参与,共同开展综合研究,才能取得长足的进步与深入的发展。     

考古学家的新帮手

几十年来，希腊考古学家一直试图重新构建古代Thera时期的壁画。3500多年前，Thera（爱琴海上的岛屿）被火山灰埋葬。其文化随之湮灭。壁画为人类了解古代Thera文化提供了宝贵的线索。如果按照目前的速度，重建壁画这项艰巨的任务至少还要一个世纪才能完成。多亏了普林斯顿大学的计算机专家们，这项工作很快会变得容易得多。计算机专家们提供了一种自动化系统。     

埃及阿赫米姆古墓遗址浅层地球物理勘查

Ground penetrating radar, electromagnetic terrain conductivity, and electric tomography have proven to be effective tools if they are combined together to investigate archeological sites. We have conducted a geophysical survey at the Akhmim archaeological site, the main objective of our survey is to locate additional buried structures for further excavation. Geophysical data were acquired in the area using the GEM-300 multi-frequency terrain conductivity profiler, the SIR 2000 ground penetrating radar, and the Syscal R2 resistivity meter systems. The results of the integrated interpretation show a number of buried features and a strong linear zone about 1 m wide that coincides with the suspected trend of a buried wall. There appears to be two parallel ridges of strong reflections on either side, indicating two parallel walls extended East-West and a room is identified at the bottom left comer of the site. Moreover, the interpretation results of some selected GPR and dipoledipole resistivity profiles adjacent to the open-air museum suggest the existence of a second statue of Ramses Ⅱ to the right of the previously discovered statue which could still be buried in the sand.     

中国古脊椎动物学会暨中国第四纪古人类-旧石器专业委员会学术年会将在二连浩特召开

<正>中国古脊椎动物学会第13次学术年会暨中国第四纪古人类—旧石器专业委员会第4次年会将于2012年8月25～27日在内蒙古二连浩特市召开。此次会议由中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所和