顾及风向和风速的气温空间插值方法

当前气温插值方法多将高程、经纬度等作为影响因素,无法解决风向、风速对气温空间分布的影响问题。该文提出一种顾及风向和风速的气温空间插值方法:1)根据气象观测站点的风向、风速数据进行插值,生成连续的风场表面;2)基于该风场数据利用高斯扩散模型构建成本表面;3)利用Dijkstra最短路径算法计算观测点与待求点的累计移动成本最短路径(SPOCMC);4)将SPOCMC作为协变量进行薄盘光滑样条插值以实现气温插值。为验证该方法的有效性和可靠性,选取山东省109个气象观测点样本数据,以SPOCMC、DEM和SPOCMC-DEM分别作为协变量对气温数据进行薄盘光滑样条插值,结果显示:SPOCMC-DEM法的MAE和RMSE均值(分别为0.517、0.779)略低于SPOCMC法(0.583、1.016),显著低于DEM法(0.809、1.231),表明添加SPOCMC作为协变量可有效提高气温空间插值的准确性。在江苏省与贵州省的插值实验结果证明了该方法的普适性。     

我国矿产资源开发应全面转向满足国内需要

本文分析了美国百年来主要矿产品生产消费变化趋势和累计量,我国近二十年来重要矿产品累计产量和累计消费量,以美国矿产品生产消费情况和矿产资源政策为参照,提出我国经济建设对各种矿产品需求将长期处于高水平状态,未来发展累计需求量是巨大的,为此建议我国矿产资源开发应以满足国内需求为根本目标,不再主动出口矿产品及相关产品。所有新申请的矿产开发项目其产品市场定位在国内市场应是项目必备条件之一,特别是稀土、锂矿、萤石等矿产开发项目。     

垂直形变趋势累计率在川滇地区的应用

本文在研究形变趋势累计率的基础之上,对数据处理方法进行了局部改进,将跨断层场地布设较多的川滇地区作为实验区,利用精密水准测量分析该地区的垂直形变异常强度,并结合川滇地区震例开展研究。分析发现强震发生前后一段时期,震中附近形变异常强度几乎保持一致,但在震前（1、2个月左右）会发生较大改变,震后逐步恢复到与震前相同的情况;强震主要发生在形变异常强度值变化较大区域附近。垂直形变趋势累计率在中短期的映震效果较好。     

高层建筑中的沉降监测与数据处理

通过对蓝水湾沉降监测项目的论述,对监测数据的处理,对蓝水湾累计沉降量和不均匀沉降的分析论证了沉降变形对高层建筑物的重要性。     

杭州市中低产田改造的经验与做法

一、我市中低产田改造的历史回顾和2008年工作评价 我市从1996年开始进行中低产田改造,至今大致经历了三个阶段.经过三个阶段的努力,全市中低产田改造累计投资2.73亿,其中市级补助5458万元,亩均补助从初期的52元增加到目前的400元;亩均投资从1996年的300元增加到2008年的1 299元.     

复合载体夯扩桩工艺在吉林省的应用

复合载体夯扩桩工艺是将地基处理与地基施工合二为一的一种地基加固处理新技术,是一种性价比高的桩型,承载力与其它桩型相比较高,得到建筑界的好评,取得了显著效果。笔者通过两个工程实例的对比,论述该方法的特点、施工工艺及检测结果。     

The Offset-Domain Prestack Depth Migration with Optimal Separable Approximation

The offset-domain prestack depth migration with optimal separable approximation, based on the double square root equation, is used to image complex media with large and rapid velocity variations. The method downward continues the source and the receiver wavefields simultaneously. The mixed domain algorithm with forward Fourier and inverse Fourier transform is used to construct the double square root equation wavefield extrapolation operator. This operator separates variables in the wave number domain and variables in the space domain. The phase operation is implemented in the wave number domain, whereas the time delay for lateral velocity variation is corrected in the space domain. The migration algorithm is efficient since the seismic data are not computed shot by shot. The data set test of the Marmousi model indicates that the offset-domain migration provides a satisfied seismic migration section on which complex geologic structures are imaged in media with large and rapid lateral velocity variations.     

辽宁省自动站资料显示及降水统计系统

研制成功的辽宁省自动站资料显示及降水统计系统将自动站的各种气象要素在MICAPS系统中以图像方式显示出来的同时 ,可提供单站气象要素随时间变化的曲线显示、降水量累计查询显示以及 72h内自动站资料以不同方式保存的功能。系统为预报员使用自动站资料提供了新的工作平台。     

巧用数学知识 智解地理问题

正在给学生复习气候类型判读时,我举2013四川高考题(5~6题)为例。图1是北半球亚热带某地降水量逐月累计曲线图。读图回答1~2题。(2013年四川卷)     

Assimilation of Doppler Radar Observations with an Ensemble Square Root Filter：A Squall Line Case Study

The effectiveness of using an Ensemble Square Root Filter（EnSRF） to assimilate real Doppler radar observations on convective scale is investigated by applying the technique to a case of squall line on 12July 2005 in midwest Shandong Province using the Weather Research and Forecasting（WRF） model.The experimental results show that：（1） The EnSRF system has the potential to initiate a squall line accurately by assimilation of real Doppler radar data.The convective-scale information has been added into the WRF model through radar data assimilation and thus the analyzed fields are improved noticeably.The model spin-up time has been shortened,and the precipitation forecast is improved accordingly.（2） Compared with the control run,the deterministic forecast initiated with the ensemble mean analysis of EnSRF produces more accurate prediction of microphysical fields.The predicted wind and thermal fields are reasonable and in accordance with the characteristics of convective storms.（3） The propagation direction of the squall line from the ensemble mean analysis is consistent with that of the observation,but the propagation speed is larger than the observed.The effective forecast period for this squall line is about 5-6 h,probably because of the nonlinear development of the convective storm.