基于GPS反射信号的岸基海冰探测研究

论述了全球导航卫星系统反射信号测量(GNSS-R)在海冰介电常数和海冰密集度方面的潜在的研究价值,对欧洲空间局在格林兰岛迪斯科海岸采集的海冰数据进行分析,处理了两种反射信号的幅度的量化关系,同时跟踪多颗GNSS卫星并且保证了数据处理时间的连续性和有效性。根据双极化反射信号的幅度极化比和模拟海冰表面复介电常数得出幅度极化比和海冰表面的介电常数变化之间的联系。     

教学需要反思 反思助力教学

正有人说:"一个教师写一辈子教案不一定能成为名师,如果写三年的反思,就有可能成为名师"。能戴上"名师"桂冠的教师,一般对教育领域有重大贡献和影响。但是,我要把后面的"名师"两字改为"明师",即明业之师,做一个精通专业的老师。反思,有助于我们成为一个对专业知识"明明白白"的老师。在学习"热力环流"的时候,"山谷风"是老师们必讲的一个内容。关于山谷风的成因,听到过不同的解释,也曾是一个让我困惑的知识点。     

冰种红纹石的辨别技巧

正红纹石是一种诱人的红色系宝石,色如玫瑰、水润娇嫩,自面市以来深受众多宝石爱好者的喜欢。红纹石色彩中带有白色条纹,也有通透通体粉红白纹很少的冰种红纹石,这类红纹石价格要比普通红纹石高很多,所以鉴定其真假就显得非常重要。我们在鉴定冰种     

转基因与野生型三角褐指藻生理特性的比较研究

利用叶绿素荧光仪分别测定转基因和野生型三角褐指藻的最大光能转化率,利用流式细胞仪分别测定它们的细胞大小和叶绿素含量,通过血球计数板计数绘制其生长曲线并计算比生长速率。统计分析结果显示:在培养周期内,野生型和转基因三角褐指藻的最大细胞密度有显著差别,野生型藻株的比生长速率显著高于转基因藻株,说明转基因影响了三角褐指藻的生长;野生型与转基因藻株的F_v/F_m在第2天差别不显著,但到第8天时,转基因藻株的F_v/F_m却显著高于野生型的;特基因藻株的叶绿素含量和细胞大小均显著高于野生型藻株。研究结果表明,转基因对藻细胞的生理特性产生了一定的影响,该结果为微藻转基因研究提供一定的理论依据。     

海洋潮汐浪溅区混凝土表面氯离子浓度计算模型

海洋混凝土结构的表面氯离子浓度反映了海洋氯化物环境的腐蚀作用强度,是海洋混凝土结构耐久性分析和定量设计的重要参数。本文依据国内外不同地区的大量自然暴露试验数据,通过数理统计和回归分析,确定了各种海洋环境条件下表面氯离子浓度的统计特征值,分析了海洋潮汐浪溅区混凝土中氯离子的传输机理和积聚规律,揭示了水胶比对混凝土表面氯离子浓度的影响规律,进而综合考虑水胶比、胶凝材料种类和时变特性等因素的影响,建立了海洋潮汐浪溅区混凝土表面氯离子浓度的改进计算模型。结合国内外各种表面氯离子浓度经验模型的预测结果和海洋自然暴露试验的实测数据,对比验证了所建立表面氯离子浓度计算模型的有效性和适用性,为海洋氯化物环境下混凝土结构的耐久性设计和服役寿命分析提供了重要边界条件。     

Effects of Hanseniaspora opuntiae C21 on the growth and digestive enzyme activity of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas

The effects of a diet containing Hanseniaspora opuntiae C21 on growth and digestive enzyme activity were estimated in juvenile Apostichopus japonicus. Groups of sea cucumbers were fed diets containing H. opuntiae C21 at 0(control), 10 4, 10 5, and 10 6 CFU(colony-forming units)/g feed. Results showed that after 45 d the specific growth rate(SGR) of sea cucumbers fed a C21-supplemented diet at 10 4 CFU/g feed was significantly higher than that of the control( P 0.05). Intestinal trypsin and lipase activities were significantly enhanced by C21 administration at 10 4 and 10 5 CFU/g feed compared with the control( P 0.05). After feeding for 23–42 d, C21 was demonstrated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to be present in the intestine of sea cucumbers. In addition, after feeding the C21-supplemented diets for 15 d, the sea cucumbers were switched to an unsupplemented diet and C21 was confirmed to be capable of colonizing the intestine for at least 31 d after cessation of feeding. In conclusion, C21 was shown to successfully colonize the intestine of juvenile A. japonicus via dietary supplementation, and improve growth and digestive enzyme activity.     

盛满鸡尾酒的玻璃杯子

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A Comparison of Conventional and Shear-Rate Dependent Mohr-Coulomb Models for Simulating Landslides

Landslides may cause many fatalities and heavy economic losses,so it is vital to understand their mechanics so as to take appropriate measures to mitigate their risk.Phenomenally,the loose soil behaves like frictional material in most circumstances,so Mohr-Coulomb type equations are often used to describe their movement.However,these models generally do not consider the influence of the shearrate on the Mohr-Coulomb friction angle,so the shear-rate dependence effect on the soil flow and landslide runout is not well understood.This paper reports on an application of the incompressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics（SPH） method to the dynamics of dry granular assemblies.The traditional model with a constant friction angle is compared with the modified Mohr-Coulomb model with a variable friction angle related to the shear-rate.It is found that the shear-rate dependence effect is negligible for shallow granular flows along mild slopes.With steeper slopes of the ground and larger aspect ratios of the initial soil column,the rate-dependence effect becomes more important.     

载噪比加权的GPS单频单历元定姿算法

针对GPS定姿系统中,传统的利用高度角的加权不能有效反映遮挡情况的问题,从接收机的卫星载噪比出发,对载波相位精度进行分析,提出新的权重矩阵W,对观测模型进行加权。加权后模型根据最小二乘得到整周模糊度和基线矢量的浮点解。加权方法能够降低弱信号卫星的载波相位观测值对姿态测量成功率的影响。通过对比试验验证了加权算法的合理性和有效性。部分试验结果表明,相比于未加权算法,载噪比加权算法可以使单历元定姿成功率提高5个百分点;相比于高度角加权算法,载噪比加权可以使成功率提高1~2个百分点。     

桥梁变形观测中GPS数据处理方法的研究

对桥梁变形体利用GPS进行变形监测,并通过GPS接收机随机软件进行外业观测数据的解算,研究GPS数据处理中解算基线向量时观测历元、截止高度角参数的最佳设置方法及平差模型的选择,以提高解算精度,为其他同类工程提供一定的参考.