缺少密度或孔隙度测定数据的块体堆积速率的计算

缺少密度或孔隙度测定数据的块体堆积速率的计算Ｔ．Ｊ．Ｓ．Ｓｙｋｅｓ等块体堆积速率（ＭＡＲ）计算已被应用于深海钻探计划（ＤＳＤＰ）和大洋钻探计划（ＯＤＰ）岩心，以研究大洋盆地的沉积物演化，或把ＭＡＲ数据分离成岩石学成分以决定方解石补偿深度（ＣＣＤ）的历...     

废弃海洋桩基平台拆除方案的系统决策研究

海洋平台拆除是一项复杂的、受多种因素制约的、涉及许多技术领域的综合性系统工程。采取适当的拆除方案是工程安全、经济、环保地进行的基础和保证。针对这一问题，文章对拆除方案的评估进行了系统的研究，从环境、工艺、安全、经济、工期的角度建立了拆除方案评估指标体系，并综合运用群决策层次分析理论和模糊数学理论对拆除方案进行系统的评估。经实例验证，所建立的评估指标体系，可科学、公正、快捷地对方案进行评估，为决策者提供科学的决策基础。     

海底油气集输管网可靠性评估

对海底油气集输管网进行了可靠性评估，提出了一种适用于树状海底油气集输管网可靠性评价的方法，将流可靠度和单元重要度的概念引入到海底油气集输管网可靠性的分析中，该方法能够有效地评价海底油气集输管网的可靠性。     

ET0计算公式的最新进展与普适性评估

通过对ET0计算公式研究进展的总结,分析了在世界上三个时期比较有代表性的计算蒸发腾发量(ET0)的主要公式:修正Penman(MP)公式、Penman-Monteith(PM)公式及标准ASCE-PM公式;以20世纪90年代末期和21世纪初期世界上最新的19个用Lysimeter实验值率定ET0计算值的实验成果为基础,对于不同气候条件下ET0计算方法的普适性分析评估认为:虽PM公式应用效果较好的地区较多,但也有不少地区效果欠佳,MP等公式在一部分地区较好,PM与MP公式并非普适性的,要特别关注标准ASCE-PM公式,总之,这类半理论(半经验)公式均有一定的地区性.仅通过MP、PM公式的计算比较,不能简单地评定哪种公式最优或哪种公式计算ET0值大(或值小),应针对不同地理及气候条件,要经Lysimeter的实验结果才能进行率定比较.文中也对今后研究提出相应建议,有助于ET0计算公式学科的深入研究.     

Calculating Pollution Indices by Heavy Metals in Ecological Geochemistry Assessment and a Case Study in Parks of Beijing

Pollution index is a powerful tool for ecological geochemistry assessment. The commonly used pollution indices by heavy metals in soils and sediments were classified as two types of single index and integrated index in an algorithm point of view. Four single indices of contamination factor (or concentration factor), ecological risk factor, enrichment factor, and index of geo-accumulation were illustrated, and the reference values for calculating single indices were distinguished into background levels and threshold pollution values. Eight integrated indices were divided into two groups. One group is suitable for the normal distribution single indices including the sum, average, weighted average,vector modulus, and Nemerow pollution indices, and the other for log-normal distribution including the product, root of product, and weighted power product pollution indices. Using background levels as reference values, five contamination classes were divided, and the terminologies are suggested for the single and integrated indices to unify the assessment results. Software of EGAPI was developed in a single document interface to calculate the four single and eight integrated indices by heavy metals to assess the quality of soil and sediment ecological geochemistry. Pollution indices by heavy metals of Cu,Pb, and Zn in soils in parks of Beijing were calculated using EGAPI software, and these five contamination classes and terminologies suggested in this study were evaluated and used. Results ofintegrated indices of Cu, Pb, and Zn in soils indicated that the soil qualities are unpolluted as a whole and varied from low polluted to unpolluted status from the center to the outskirts of Beijing City.     

联动式抓进度 优服务展风貌——宁波市勘规所顺利完成滩坑水库宁波移民安置项目评估工作

滩坑水电站是浙江省的重点建设项目,也是继金温铁路之后我省最大的扶贫工程和一项规模巨大的基础设施建设项目,集发电、生态、灌溉、防洪、供水、旅游为一体,对促进我省经济全面、协调发展具有重要的战略意义。积极做好滩坑水电站库区移民安置工作关系到整个工程建设能否顺利进行,     

Environmental Investigation and Evaluation of Land Subsidence in the Datong Coalfield Based on InSAR Technology

Heavy mining of Jurassic and Carboniferous horizontal coal seams in the Datong coalfield has seriously affected the local geological environment, which is mainly manifested by such geohazards as soil avalanches, landslides, mudflows, surface subsidence, surface cracks, surface solid waste accumulation and surface deformation. More seriously, coal mining causes groundwater to leak. Overpumping of groundwater has resulted in substantial land subsidence of the urban area in Datong City. Based on the previous geo-environmental investigation in the work area, the authors used radar remote sensing techniques such as InSAR （synthetic aperture radar interferometry） and D-InSAR （differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry）, supplemented by the optical remote sensing method, for geo-environmental investigation to ascertain the geo-environmental background of the Datong Jurassic and Carboniferous-Permian coalfield and evaluate the effects of the geohazards, thus providing a basis for the geo-environmental protection, geohazard control and prevention, land improvement and optimization of the human environment. In this study 8 cog-nominal ERS-1/2 SAR data frames during 1992 to 2003 were used, but the following processing was made： （1） the multitemporal SAR magnitude images were used to interpret the geological structure, vegetation, microgeomorphology and drainage system; （2） the multi-temporal InSAR coherent images were used to make a classification of surface features and evaluate the coherence change due to coal mining; and （3） the multi-temporal cog-nominal SAR images were used to complete D-InSAR processing to remove the information of differential deformation areas （sites）. In the end, a ten-year time series of differential interferograms were obtained using the multi-temporal cog-nominal SAR images. In the tests, 84 deformed areas （sites） were obtained, belonging to those in 1993-1996, 1996-1997, 1997-1998, 1998-2001, 1998-2002 and 2001-2003 respectively. Of the 84 areas, 44 are m     

科技进步与金属矿产资源供应——兼论我国可持续发展的资源基础

科技进步为金属矿产资源的勘查开发、获取供应提供理论指导和技术支持,并在很大程度上决定着地矿产业的可持续发展。在21世纪绿色矿业的崛起和新的循环经济模式下矿业文明的振兴更是离不开现代科学技术,二者相辅相成,这对巩固我国可持续发展的资源基础意义重大。对于我国的资源开发供应,资源保障是前提基础,科学技术是方法手段,环境效益是发展目标,三者应协同推进,不可偏废。     

图片新闻

3月19日上午,国土资源部部长、党组书记、国家土地总督察徐绍史在京会见秘鲁能源矿业部部长胡安·巴尔迪维亚。双方就进一步加强两国在矿产资源领域的合作、推进矿产勘查与开发等交换了看法。