中天山马鞍桥石炭纪沉积特征及构造意义

出露于中天山马鞍桥、巴仑台北的石炭纪地层属于大塘阶晚期至威宁期碳酸盐和碎屑岩的混合沉积。沉积特征和微量元素标志显示该套地层主体为潮坪-泻湖相沉积,仅顶部为河湖相沉积。砂岩的元素地球化学特征以及骨架颗粒的百分含量均显示,该套地层的蚀源区为岛弧火山岩系和中酸性花岗岩系的中天山微板块。有足够的证据表明该套地层形成于中天山微板块与南天山弧后盆地碰撞的挤压背景,即前陆盆地中,构造和海平面变化是该套充填物的主要控制因素。     

浅谈环境保护中的不平衡性

保护人类生存的环境是可持续发展的一个必要条件,人口与环境之间的矛盾日益突出,当今矛盾双方力量的不平衡性主要表现在温室效应、臭氧层破坏和物种灭绝方面。地学哲学工作者面临一次机遇和挑战。     

西藏那曲地区嘎加组闪长玢岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄与地球化学特征

西藏那曲地区的中—晚三叠世嘎加组中存在一套闪长玢岩,对这套闪长玢岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测定,获得的年龄为115.4±0.6Ma,属早白垩世,与区域上多尼组和则弄群时代一致。闪长玢岩SiO2含量均值为57.96%,富集Rb、Th元素,亏损Nb、P、Ti元素,与上地壳具有相似的蛛网图曲线。εHf(t)值在2.0～4.1之间,平均值为3.0,岩浆来自新生地壳。结合地球化学和构造环境综合分析,闪长玢岩可能形成于拉萨地块和羌塘地块碰撞环境,115Ma时研究区洋壳俯冲作用已结束,进入陆—陆碰撞的演化阶段,随着羌塘地块与拉萨地块的碰撞,地壳不断加厚,慢慢聚集在浅部岩浆房中的大量岩浆把已经加厚的地壳不断加热,从而引起上覆地壳的部分熔融。     

白云石质凹凸棒石粘土的磷吸附特性及应用浅析

选择江苏省盱眙雍小山和仇集黄泥山的白云石质凹凸棒石粘土,以凹凸棒石粘土和白云石为对照,比较它们对磷的吸附特性,在分析吸附性能的基础上阐明白云石质凹凸棒石粘土对磷的吸附机理。结果发现,白云石质凹凸棒石粘土对磷的吸附性能显著优于凹凸棒石粘土,在低磷污染水体中,其对磷的吸附净化能力与活性炭接近,吸附等温曲线呈S型,且Freundlich方程拟合效果更好,说明白云石质凹凸棒石粘土对磷的吸附可能属于不均匀介质的多分子层吸附。此外,白云石质凹凸棒石粘土与同比例凹凸棒石粘土/白云石复混材料的磷吸附能力相当,而两者均高于单独凹凸棒石粘土与白云石的比例加和。结果表明,白云石质凹凸棒石粘土具有较佳的磷吸附能力,可用作磷污染水体的吸附净化材料。     

广东连州田心南方红豆杉种群的空间分布格局

应用样方法和方差v/均值m比的t检验、聚块指数等研究了广东连州田心自然保护区南方红豆杉(Taxus wallichiana var.mairei)种群的空间分布格局。结果表明其种群为聚集分布,但聚集程度不高;采用方差比率法(VR)检验分析红豆杉群落的种间相互关系,结果为VR1,χ20.95(N)Wχ20.05(N),表明群落总体是正关联,但不显著;采用Simpson物种多样性指数和Shannon-Wiener指数分析南方红豆杉群落的丰富度,得到的物种多样性指数整个群落草本层灌木层乔木层的结果,表明群落处于相对稳定状态。结果提示,田心保护区的南方红豆杉现状为增长种群,受2008年初冰冻灾害影响后的自然恢复正朝着良好的方向发展。     

First record and description of male Rhopalione sinensis Markham, 1990, from China,with remarks on genus Rhopalione Pérez, 1920(Crustacea: Isopoda: Bopyridae)

The bopyrid isopod species Rhopalione sinensis Markham, 1990, is recorded for only the second time, from a new locality in China outside Hong Kong, the type-locality. This is also the fi rst fi nding of the male R. sinensis, which is herein described. Its host, Arcotheres sinensis(Shen, 1932) is a new record. A review of the four known species of Rhopalione Pérez, 1920, an updated diagnosis of the genus and a key to species are provided.     

Distributions of surface sediments surrounding the Antarctic Peninsula and its environmental significance

We analyzed grain size composition to provide information on the types and distributions as well as depositional varieties of marine surface sediments from the area surrounding the Antarctic Peninsula. The samples retrieved from the study area contain gravel, sand, silt and clay. As suggested by bathymetry and morphology, the study area is characterized by neritic, hemipelagic and pelagic deposits. The glacial-marine sediments can be divided into two types, residual paratill and compound paratill, which are primarily transported by glaciers and as ice-rafted debris. Ocean current effects on deposition are more obvious, and the deposit types are distributed consistently with terrain variations.     

Biodiversity and seasonal variation of benthic macrofauna in Minicoy Island, Lakshadweep, India

From the Indian coast only limited data are available on the benthic fauna of the seagrass communities. In this study, seasonal variation in the distribution of macrobenthos and influence of environmental parameters was explored at four seagrass beds and two mangrove stations along the Minicoy Island, Lakshadweep, India, from September 1999 to August 2001. A total of 160 macrobenthic species from eight major groups represented the macrofauna of the Minicoy Island. Of the identified taxa, molluscs 70（gastropods 41.46%, bivalves 7.5%）, polychaetes 27（16.88%）, crustaceans 30（18.75%）, echinoderms 11（6.88%） and remaining others. Average seasonal abundance of benthic macrofauna ranged from 219 to 711 ind./m2, species diversity varied from 1.45 to 3.64 bits per individual, species richness index ranged from 4.01 to 26.17, evenness 0.69 to 1.66. In general, the higher abundance and species diversity was noticed in southern seagrass stations and northern seagrass stations, but in the mangrove stations comparatively low species diversity was observed. Three-way analysis of variance indicated that all communities resulted as being significantly different between seagrass and mangrove station, mainly when the seasonal interaction was considered. Multivariate analyses were employed to help define benthic characteristic and the relationship between environmental parameters at the six monitoring stations. Results of cluster analyses and multidimensional scale plot suggest that for mangrove region, different physiographic provinces, lower salinity, dissolved oxygen and sediment biotic structure have a higher influence on the species composition and diversity than other oceanographic conditions.     

黑河地区中元古界新开岭岩群变质作用研究

一、新开岭岩群的分布与岩石组成 新开岭岩群沿NNE向呈带状分布在嫩江－黑河一线,为一套高角闪岩相－低角闪岩相的片岩、变粒岩、片麻岩、角闪岩等组成的中深变质岩系,构成了小兴安岭西北部前寒武系古老的结晶基底。     

6条狮子鱼引发的物种危机

你相信吗？最长个体不超过30公分,体态优美,颜色鲜艳,形如贵妇一股的狮子鱼,近来搅的美国佛罗里达人寝食不安。