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121.
黄海粘土沉积物的来源与分布 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文根据区域自然地理原理,划分黄海粘土沉积物的补给区,在粘土矿物鉴定的基础上,用法方程定量探明黄海粘土沉积物的来源与分布,绘出黄海粘土沉积物分布图。图示:黄海来源于长江的粘土沉积物的分布面积,占其总面积的56.5%,来源于黄河的占43.5%。粘土沉积物的分布同洋流、海流的分布相吻合。 相似文献
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123.
民井抽水在1:20万的水文地质普查中,已被广泛的采用,虽然它有很多的优点,如方便,工具简单,时间短,经济等。但是所有使用过民井抽水的人都有一个共同的反映,就是它的精度不高,甚至相差很远。不过我们认为这个缺点并不能降低它在水文地质普查中的重要性,只要我们找出其真正的原因加以克服,这个缺点还是完全可以消除的。在此想就两个多月来使用民井抽水的体会,对民井抽水误差产生的原因谈谈几点浅见,但由于水平和实际认识都很差,故错误在所难免希予以批评指正。 相似文献
124.
分析了现有起动标准的不足之处。在制定起动标准时,不但要考虑水流条件,还必须考虑泥沙颗粒在床面的相对位置。对同一粒径的泥沙颗粒,其起动条件不是一个常量,而是位于一个区间,它随颗粒在床面的相对暴露度而变化。根据力学原理,推导了泥沙颗粒起动时的临界无量纲切应力公式,并对其系数取值进行了理论计算。计算结果表明,对同一粒径、在同一起动状态下,泥沙颗粒的起动临界条件并非一个常量。并从理论上分析得到了临界值的范围,对个别及少量起动,其无量纲临界切应力为0.021~0.042及0.041~0.062。 相似文献
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126.
Heqing DU Hajime MIWA 《国际泥沙研究》2006,21(1):1-12
Alternate bars have the property that they migrate downstream whenever floods occur. However, in meander channels whose bend angles are larger than a critical value, the migration of bars can be suppressed, and the positions of bank erosion and flood attack also will be steady. In this study, the bed morphology in flume channels with bends of various lengths and angles is investigated at various flow discharges, and the relation of bed morphology to surface flow is investigated in detail using fluid measuring software. An effort is made to obtain guidelines for the plane shape design of meander channels. Based on the experimental results of bed topography and measurement of surface flow direction and velocity distribution, from the viewpoint of bank erosion and the concentration and dispersion of flood flow the most suitable plane shape for meandering channels is suggested through which the migration of alternate bars is suppressed. 相似文献
127.
Chih Ted Yang 《国际泥沙研究》2007,22(1):78-79
The construction and operation of reservoirs can bring many benefits to the society, such as irrigation, flood control, navigation, power generation, recreation, and environmental benefits. As soon as a reservoir is completed and starts storing water, part or most of the sediment transport processes in a river is interrupted. Most of the incoming sediments are trapped in the reservoir, forming delta with back water affecting a long distance upstream. Reservoir sedimentation can reduce the reservoir's volume needed for flood control, irrigation, water supply, power generation, navigation, etc. As sediments approaching hydraulic structures, the operation of structures can be adversely affected or render useless. If no action is taken to remediate the sedimentation problems, a reservoir may lose its original design functions, and may pose a safety concern. 相似文献
128.
Yongping YUAN Ronald BINGNER Randall WILLIAMS Richard LOWRANCE David BOSCH Joe SHERIDAN 《国际泥沙研究》2007,22(1):60-69
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution model (AnnAGNPS) is used to help evaluate a watershed response to agricultural management practices to control water quality. However, AnnAGNPS version 3.5 does not contain features to estimate the effect of a riparian buffer (RB) system on water quality. The Riparian Ecosystem Management Model (REMM) is used to simulate the impact of riparian buffer systems on water quality. However, frequently the lack of measured upland loadings that are required by REMM simulation limits the application of REMM. To address this data gap, a study was conducted to integrate AnnAGNPS with REMM for RB system simulation. AnnAGNPS was used to simulate water and sediment loadings from an upland field into a three-zone RB system at the Gibbs Farm located in the Georgia coastal plain. These AnnAGNPS outputs were used as the inputs to REMM. REMM was used to simulate water and sediment movement along the riparian buffers. The AnnAGNPS simulated amount of annual runoff at the edge of the field was close to observed amounts (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.92). It is believed that a substantial portion of sand was removed from the runoff one meter into the grass buffer where the samplers were located; therefore, sand was excluded from the AnnAGNPS simulation for comparison with observed sediment. Excluding sand, the AnnAGNPS predicted amount of annual sediment matches the observed amount fairly well (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.46). In addition, based on evaluating the percent reduction of sediment at each zonal interface, the AnnAGNPS/REMM model well simulated the function of the RB system to reduce sediment. 相似文献
129.
张莉萍 朱健 朱永生 霍丽 木明江·吾守尔 ZHANG Li-ping ZHU Jian ZHU Yong-sheng HUO Li Muminjian· WUXUR 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2007,1(1):36-38
在悬移质输沙率与流量异步施测法基本原理分析的基础上,根据河流特性建立了多年综合及相邻流量测次累积面积百分数与累积流量百分数相关曲线法不同的部分流量权重系数借用方案。经实测资料检验输沙率与流量异步施测法的计算误差符合《河流悬移质泥沙测验规范》精度要求,能满足悬移质泥沙测验的生产需求。 相似文献
130.
1我国现行使用的断面输沙率计算方法我国现行水文断面输沙率计算方法,按国家技术监督局和中华人民共和国建设部1992年7月24日联合发布的《河流悬移质泥沙测验规范》规定:河道断面输沙率由部分输沙率求和而得,计算公式为:Qs=Csm1·q0+12(Csm1... 相似文献