利用EN风数据仪正确判断飑线

过去本站是用EL电接风向风速仪观测和记录风向风速的，近两年改成了EN风数据仪以后，不少测站都发现容易漏记飑线现象。经分析发现，EN风数据仪记录风向风速是每一个定时正点和非定时正点打印一次风向风速，同EL电接风向风速仪比较，很明显的区别就是，它缺乏风向风速的连续记录，不能把风向风速随时问的变化完整地记录下来。当有飑线过境时，就很容易遗漏掉。但是，只要掌握了其中的诀窍，飑线漏记现象还是可以避免的。     

云迹风资料导出的原理和方法

本文介绍了利用静止气象卫星云图导出云迹风资料的原理和方法，并对导出的云迹风资料进行了分析。结果表明，所得结果具有一定的合理性，合理利用这些资料可以弥补台站稀疏的地区资料缺少的缺陷，对天气分析和数值预报有一定的补充作用。     

风暴相对螺旋度的应用

引入了风暴相对螺旋度——SRH的概念。阐述了SRH的定义和物理意义，分析了2003-07-15大降水过程的演变。结果表明SRH作为一个预报强天气的参数具有实际意义。     

青藏高原影响亚洲夏季气候研究的最新进展

文中回顾了近 10a来吴国雄等在青藏高原影响亚洲夏季气候研究方面的最新进展。通过分析东西风交界面的演变证明 ,由于青藏高原的春季加热 ,亚洲季风区对流层低层冬季盛行偏东风转变为夏季偏西南风最早发生在孟加拉湾东部 ,与其相伴随的激烈对流降水出现在其东面。因此孟加拉湾东部至中印半岛西部是亚洲季风最早爆发的地区。同时也指出盛夏伊朗高原和青藏高原加热所激发的同相环流嵌套在欧亚大陆尺度的热力环流中 ,从而加强了东亚的夏季风 ,加剧了中西亚的干旱 ;并通过其所激发的波动对夏季东亚的气候格局产生重要影响。文中还比较了夏季南亚高压的伊朗模态和青藏模态性质的异同及其对亚洲夏季降水异常分布的不同影响。     

山区为什么会出现焚风？

“焚风”,顾名思义,就是火一样的风,是一种过山后变为暖热、干燥的地方性风。那么,为什么气流越过山脉会出现焚风呢?这是由于气流越过高山,出现下沉运动造成的。从气象学上讲,某一团空气从地面升到高空,每升高1 0 0 0m ,温度平均要下降6 5℃;相反,当一团空气从高空下沉到地面的时候,每下降1 0 0 0m ,温度约平均升高6 5℃。这就是说,当空气从海拔4 0 0 0～50 0 0m的高山下降至地面时,温度就会升高2 0℃以上,会使凉爽的气候顿时热起来。这就是产生“焚风”的原因。在我国,焚风地区也到处可见。如天山南北、秦岭脚下、川南丘陵、金沙江河谷、…     

振动对自记仪器的影响及预防措施

在地面气象观测工作中，开关门或开合自记仪器盒盖时，由于振动，时常造成自记迹线不正常，影响自记的准确性。就具体仪器来说，应注意以下几点。     

控制混凝土品质，保证混凝土工程质量

介绍混凝土品质的控制重点及其试件的制作、养护要求。     

对2004年文科综合能力测试地理试题的分析与思考

2004年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试文科综合能力测试卷中划分为地理学科的试题有1—11题(选择题，44分)和36题、39题(4)、(5)小题(非选择题，56分)，共计100分。黑龙江省的阅卷方式为计算机网上阅卷。     

HCl Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in the Stratosphere and a Comparison with Ozone QBO

1. Introduction The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of the mean zonal wind in the equatorial stratosphere was discov- ered by Reed et al. (1961) and Veryard and Ebdon (1961). Later, Funk and Garnham (1962) and Ra- manathan (1963) were the first to descri…     

Seasonal Variation of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet and Its Association with the Heating Field over East Asia

The structure and seasonal variation of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet （EAWJ） and associations with heating fields over East Asia are examined by using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. Obvious differences exist in the westerly jet intensity and location in different regions and seasons due to the ocean-land distribution and seasonal thermal contrast, as well as the dynamic and thermodynamic impacts of the Tibetan Plateau. In winter, the EAWJ center is situated over the western Pacific Ocean and the intensity is reduced gradually from east to west over the East Asian region. In summer, the EAWJ center is located over the north of the Tibetan Plateau and the jet intensity is reduced evidently compared with that in winter. The EAWJ seasonal evolution is characterized by the obvious longitudinal inconsistency of the northward migration and in-phase southward retreat of the EAWJ axis. A good correspondence between the seasonal variations of EAWJ and the meridional differences of air temperature （MDT） in the mid-upper troposphere demonstrates that the MDT is the basic reason for the seasonal variation of EAWJ. Correlation analyses indicate that the Kuroshio Current region to the south of Japan and the Tibetan Plateau are the key areas for the variations of the EAWJ intensities in winter and in summer, respectively. The strong sensible and latent heating in the Kuroshio Current region is closely related to the intensification of EAWJ in winter. In summer, strong sensible heating in the Tibetan Plateau corresponds to the EAWJ strengthening and southward shift, while the weak sensible heating in the Tibetan Plateau is consistent with the EAWJ weakening and northward migration.