西北干旱地区水资源特征及利用

水利是国民经济的命脉，没有水，无从谈起兴水之利，除水之害。而西北干旱地区水资源地区分布不均，山区是水资源的主要来源，山前冲洪积平原区地表水和地下水相互转化，关系十分密切，其它地区水资源奇缺，生态环境较差，合理开发利用水资源就显得十分重要。     

东南极Lambert冰川-Amery冰架系统平衡通量分布的计算

通过对Lambert冰川盆地(LGB)考察路线上约1 700 km长的LGB剖面和距冰架末端约50 km、长150 km的A剖面, 分别利用GPS冰流速值及雷达测厚值进行冰通量的计算得出:每年流过LGB剖面的冰通量为43.95 Gta-1, 而通过A剖面的冰通量仅为26. 42 Gt*a-1, Amery冰架底部净融化量为7.8 Gt*a-1. 整个Lambert冰川-Amery冰架系统(LAS)地区的表面净物质平衡总量约为90 Gt*a-1; LGB地区的表面净物质平衡总量为46 Gt*a-1. 通过分析得出, 整个LAS地区及LGB地区均处于物质正平衡状态, 而LAS流域的上游区域S'则处于物质负平衡状态.     

利用ERS-2 SAR图像纹理分析方法揭示长白山天池火山近代喷发物空间分布特征

简单介绍了SAR图像的纹理特征以及正交小波变换纹理提取方法。论述了SAR图像的纹理特征参与分类的重要性。以长白山天池火山为例,通过对ERS2SAR图像进行纹理分析,提取了SAR图像两个层次的尺度变化、时频局部化和方向性纹理特征。并将SAR纹理特征与TM图像及DEM进行复合,利用多源信息各自的优势,进行了BP神经元网络分类,从较大范围对长白山天池火山735±15aB.P.大喷发的喷发物空间分布进行评价。获取了长白山天池火山近代喷发物的空间分布及规模。这对长白山天池火山未来喷发危险性初步评价、火山地质制图及火山灾害预测有重要意义。     

海拉尔盆地含油气系统

海拉尔盆地为中－新生代的断陷－坳陷型盆地，其发育演化主要经历了地壳隆起、断陷、坳陷、萎缩四个阶段。根据对成藏要素分析，确定出以凹陷为单元的三类含油气系统，各含油气系统都有各自的形成和分布规律。按其空间展布，又可划分为同期并列式、同期交叉式、异期叠合式三种组合形式。这些形式的有效组合，构成了海拉尔盆地内有利的油气聚集带。     

环境水样中砷的化学形态分析

由于砷的化学形态不同,在环境中的毒性、分布、生物效应亦不相同,因而砷的形态分析在环境监测治理中有着不可忽视的重要作用.砷的形态分析     

Origin of Gold—Bearing Fluid and Its Initiative Localization Mechanism in Xiadian Gold Deposit,Shandong Province

The composition of quartz inclusions and trace elements in ore indicate that gold-bearing fluid in the Xiadian gold deposit,Shandong Province,stemmed from both mantle and magma,belonging to a composite origin.Based on theoretical analysis and high temperature and high pressure experimental studies,gold-bearing fluid initiative localization mechanism and the forming environment of ore-host rocks are discussed in the present paper.The composite fluid extracted gold from rocks because of its expanding and injecting forces and injecting forces and flew through ore-conducive structures,leading to the breakup of rocks.The generation of ore-host faults and the precipitation of gold-bearing fluid occurred almost simultaneously.This study provides fur-ther information about the relationships between gold ore veins and basic-ultrabasic vein rocks and intermediate vein rocks,the spatial distribution of gold ore veins and the rules governing the migration of ore fluids.     

青藏公路多年冻土段路基病害分布规律

多年冻土道路多出现路基沉陷变形和路基路面开裂破坏这两类病害. 根据青藏公路大量调查资料, 对路基病害与多年冻土类型及其稳定程度、工程历史、路基高度、路基边坡坡向的关系进行了分析. 结果表明, 多年冻土稳定性差、工程完工时间长、位于路基阳坡面的沉陷和纵裂均较严重, 而低路堤沉陷与高路堤纵裂均较严重.     

内蒙古新巴尔虎右旗查干诺尔地区铀成矿远景分析

查干诺尔盆地位于海拉尔盆地群西部，发育于额尔古纳前寒武纪中间地块之上。该区有利的区域轴成矿地质条件是：盆地西部是最具砂岩型铀矿成矿远景和潜力的单斜构造区，具备成矿的铀源、古气候和含矿主岩条件，发育完善的补给－径流－排泄地下水动力系统；航空放射性测量、地下水水中分析测试，以及地面伽玛能谱测量的铀含量高低，在研究区内具有一定的分布规律。本文通过地质调查、水文和物化探测量，结合钻探成果，综合钻探成果，综合分析了查干诺尔盆地砂岩型铀矿成矿远景，并厘定了5片成矿远景区，即古宁浑迪、冲果勒浑迪、哈沙廷呼都格、安达特浑迪和那尔图远景区。     

华南花岗岩型铀矿成矿规律及成矿远景

花岗岩型铀矿是我国四大类型铀矿之一，它们主要集中分布于南岭中部的诸广一贵东地区，区内已发现数个花岗岩型铀矿田、数十个铀矿床，是我国花岗岩型铀矿最为重要的大型矿聚集区。花岗岩型铀矿在诸广、贵东岩体内的集中分布与区内富铀古陆块、深部构造环境、幔涌区强烈深源岩浆活动、挤压向拉伸转变的构造环境、富铀沉积建造及富铀岩体、多期次热液蚀变叠加、高低差异的放射性元素迁移、良好的还原条件和封闭环境等区域地质背景和条件有着十分密切的关系。从该区花岗岩型铀矿所具有的成矿规律和一系列有利于成矿的良好地质背景来看，该区乃至整个南岭范围地质背景相似的地区是铀成矿的有利地区，仍存在着寻找隐伏富大铀矿的巨大潜力。     

Hydrothermal Redistribution of Rare—Earth Elements in Pingxiang Dacite,Guangxi

Distribution of the rare-earth elements (REE) in dacite has been studied so as to get a better understanding of the migration behavior of REE during alteration. Both unaltered and altered samples were collected in an unpolluted area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southwest China. The REE concentrations were analyzed by ICP-MS. It is concluded that the REE were enriched during dacite alteration in varying degrees. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of altered samples approximately maintain the characteristics of unaltered samples. However, if we normalize the REE concentrations of altered samples with unaltered dacite, fractionation of REE will appear. The LREE are more enriched than HREE in all altered samples with the LREE possibly precipitated as carbonate minerals. Both positive and negative Eu anomalies exist. Enrichment, immobility and depletion are noticed for the element Lu. Heavy mineral alteration, difference in stability constant between carbonate LREE and HREE complexes, downward migration of weathering fluid and microenvironment change may be responsible for the fractionation of REE in the altered dacite.