潮汐对瞬态气候响应模拟的影响研究

In this study, the impact of oceanic processes on the sensitivity of transient climate change is investigated using two sets of coupled experiments with and without tidal forcing, which are termed Exp_Tide and Exp_Control,respectively. After introducing tidal forcing, the transient climate response(TCR) decreases from 2.32 K to 1.90 K,and the surface air temperature warming at high latitudes decreases by 29%. Large ocean heat uptake efficiency and heat storage can explain the low TCR in Exp_Tide. Approximately 21% more heat is stored in the ocean in Exp_Tide(1.10×10~(24) J) than in Exp_Control(0.91×10~(24) J). Most of the large ocean warming occurs in the upper 1 000 m between 60°S and 60°N, primarily in the Atlantic and Southern Oceans. This ocean warming is closely related to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation(AMOC). The initial transport at mid-and high latitudes and the decline in the AMOC observed in Exp_Tide are both larger than those observed in Exp_Control. The spatial structures of AMOC are also different with and without tidal forcing in present experiments. The AMOC in Exp_Tide has a large northward extension. We also investigated the relationship between AMOC and TCR suggested by previous studies using the present experiments.     

Influence analysis of gaseous absorption on “HY-1A” CZI data processing Simulation and correction for Rayleigh scattering

Besides ozone, oxygen and water vapour should be considered for their absorptive effects on ＂HY--1A＂ CZI data processing. First ,gaseous transmittances under various conditions are computed and analyzed for the band settings of this sensor. Second, transmittances under six standard atmospheres are approximated as functions of zenith angle, the water vapour transmittance is approximated as a function of water vapour content and zenith angle, and the ozone transmittance is approximated as a function of ozone content and zenith angle. Finally, taking Rayleigh scattering as an example, the influence of ignoring gaseous absorption when calculating TOA reflectance is analyzed, and the effect of applying the presented transmittance approximations to gaseous absorption correction for Rayleigh scattering in ＂HY--1A＂ CZI data processing is evaluated.     

利用AutoPrep技术抑制型电导离子色谱法检测土壤中碘

利用AutoPrep自动样品前处理技术，对土壤燃烧吸收液进行在线预浓缩，抑制型电导进行检测，建立了一种全新思路的检测土壤样品中碘的方法。选择亲水性非常强的氢氧化物选择性IonPac AS16阴离子交换色谱柱，淋洗液发生装置在线产生KOH进行等梯度淋洗，抑制型电导检测。结果表明，对于土壤燃烧吸收液中碘离子的测定，方法检出限（S／N=3）可达1．2μg/L，线性相关系数为0．9998，方法精密度（RSD，n=7）为1．161％～4．566％，回收率在90．6％～100．8％。采用AutoPrep电导检测和脉冲安培检测离子色谱法测定不同土壤样品中的碘，两种方法的检测结果基本一致。方法在提供了稳定的系统空白的同时，还具备自动化程度高、操作简单、重现性好、灵敏度高、系统稳定、节约时间、成本低廉和对环境友好等多方面特点，适合于大批量土壤普查中碘的分析。     

有效吸收和传递波浪能的锚泊系统的设计制作

将传统定位浮标加以改进,可以形成一种能有效吸收和传递波浪能的锚泊系统。此系统的最上端是漂浮着的海面浮标,海面浮标下端连着锚泊钢缆,锚泊钢缆下端到海底之间又依次连有张紧锤、储链和重物锚块。锚泊系统中的海面浮标随波浪同步上下起伏,从而带动与其连在一起的由张紧锤绷直的锚泊钢缆上下振动,于是海面浮标吸收波浪能并由引导缆向下传递。20 m长的储链可以保证整个装置在涨潮、退潮的极限水深情况下,仍旧可以有效地传递海表面波浪能;合适的重物锚块可以起到为整个系统定位的功能。最后给出了一个实际应用波浪能的例子。设计制作的锚泊系统可以有效吸收和传递波浪能,为波浪能的利用提供了一种行之有效的方法。     

无规取向、无吸收非球形粒子光散射的T-矩阵方法

较详细地研究了无规取向、无吸收椭球体粒子的T－矩阵收敛问题。首先，简要概括了nmax的3种收敛方案和它们的基本特性。然后，应用1993年提出的数学收敛方法（M－方法）和1998年提出和物理收敛方法（P－方法）研究收敛问题。结果表明椭球粒子收敛精度对粒子的尺度参数，纵横比以及椭球体的种类（例如，长／扁椭球）有很强的依赖性。当粒子的尺度参数不太大时，甚至在极端纵横比的条件下，P－收敛方案优于M－收敛方案。     

采用三磁场塞曼效应背景校正技术的石墨炉原子吸收光谱——AAS ZEEnit60

采用三磁场塞曼效应背景校正技术的石墨炉原子吸收光谱——AAS ZEEnit 60     

中国地－气系统净辐射的气候特征

根据ＥＲＢＥ和ＩＳＣＣＰ资料讨论了总云量等因子对地－气系统净辐射的影响，分析了地－气系统净辐射与其各分量及地表净辐射的相关联系。发现行星反射率和地气短波吸收辐射对地－气净辐射的影响最大，而云和纬度的作用主要通过该两因子变化表现出来，ＯＬＲ的作用则相对较弱。地－气净辐射与地表净辐射的相关性也较明显。文中还就地－气净辐射在全国的地理分布作了分析。各地区地－气净辐射的年变曲线均为简单的夏大冬小型，云等因素的影响主要造成最大值出现月份的推移。     

火焰原子吸收测定金等元素最佳仪器工作条件的选择

本文以金为例,通过正交实验给出了1100B型原子吸收仪测定金、银、铜、铅、锌的最佳仪器工作条件及影响仪器测定的主要因素。