祁连山冰川:正在远去

横亘在甘肃与青海交界处的祁连山，在中国西部算不上大山，但由于其特殊的生态作用而成为人们关注的焦点。     

未来我国有可能变成“北涝南旱”

国家气候中心副主任罗勇22日表示，根据联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会最新出台的第四次评估报告，以及中国学者的预测，未来我国降水分布有可能向北方移动，由“南涝北旱”转变为“北涝南旱”。     

第六届海洋强国战略论坛聚焦环渤海

11月22日,由中国海洋学会、中国太平洋学会和河北省海洋局共同主办的第六届海洋强国战略论坛在石家庄市隆重召开。本届论坛以"保护渤海环境,推动海洋生态@明建设"为主题,提出举科学之力、聚专家之智,共同探讨海洋强国的战略内涵,探索决策海洋强国的理论,寻求建设海洋强     

Benthic nutrient recycling in shallow coastal waters of the Bohai Sea

Sediment-water fluxes of N and P species in the Bohai Sea were investigated in September-October 1998 and April-May 1999. The benthic fluxes of nutrient species were determined by incubating sediment core samples with bottom seawater bubbled with air or nitrogen. NO^-2,NH4, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and phosphorus (DOP), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and phosphorus (TDP), and PO4^3- showed a net exchange flux from seawater to sediment, while NO^-3, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and SiO3^2- were released from sediment to seawater in the Bohai Sea. Sediment-water nutrient exchange increases DIN and reduces the phosphorus load in the Bohai Sea. The release of silicate from sediment to overlying seawater reduces potential silicate limitation of primary production resulted from decrease of riverine discharge.The exchange flux of nutrients showed no obvious seasonal variation. The present study showed that the concentrations and composition of nutrients in the water column were affected by suspended sediment, and that not all the exchangeable phosphate in sediment could be released via sediment resuspension.     

Improving Indigenous Technologies for Sustainable Land Use in Northern Mountainous Areas of Vietnam

More than 30 ethnic groups are now living in northern mountainous regions, Vietnam, mainly relying on shifting cultivation with the fallow period being shortened from time to time. Naturally, soil fertility reduces from cycle to cycle, entailing the reduction of productivity. Large areas of moderately sloping lands suitable for upland agriculture have become bare after many cultivation-fallow cycles. The soils there have been severely degraded with more toxicity, low porosity, low water retention capacity and poor floral diversity. Normally, these lands cannot be used for food crop cultivation. So farmers in uplands have to rely on slash-and-burn practices for their livelihood. As there is no more forest with good soil in medium slopes, farmers go to cut forests in watershed, high slope lands and old forests up to the mountains‘ top. There are ecologically and environmentally very sensitive areas, so their destruction will inevitably cause hazardous consequences in the whole basin. Meanwhile,cultivation in these areas has low economic efficiency and sustainability because the crop yield may decrease very fast due to severe erosion as the higher the slope, the more serious erosion. Consequently living standards of highland farmers remain low and unstable. Sustainable farming on these lands in the perspective of a seriously deteriorated ecology and environmental is not an easy task. There have been many projects trying to help mountainous farmers get out of their vicious circle. However, due to different reasons, the results gained are low, and in some cases,things ceased to move after the projects phased out. During past few years, based on the farmer experiences, the Vietnam Agricultural Science Institute has cooperated with local and international partners to implement different projects in order to solve the problems by developing simple, easy and cheap cultivation technologies, which can be accepted and applied by local poor farmers for sustainable agricultural production. The first results of our activities offered good opportunities for sustain food production, improve soil health, recharge of aquifers,and enhanced household income for better rural lively hoods in the upland eco-regions of northern Vietnam.     

基于生态文明理念的捞鱼河国家湿地公园科普宣教设计

国家湿地公园是推进生态文明、建设美丽中国的重要载体。在新时代的背景下,国家湿地公园的宣教要与生态文明理念相融合,承接新使命和新要求。捞鱼河国家湿地公园宣教内容以"讲故事、扬文化、传科学"的原则,从宣教主题、宣教设施和宣教活动入手,挖掘最具生态文明内涵的主题,依托形式多元的宣教活动和场所,形成"点、线、面"立体开放型的生态文明宣教体系,展示"人与湿地和谐相处"的生态文明核心理念。     

新修订《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》述评

为落实我国海洋强国建设和政府机构改革部署，进一步改善海洋生态环境，新修订的《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》针对以往法律实施过程中出现的问题进行内容调整，在明确目的原则、完善治理制度、优化体制机制、强化监督管理以及严格责任承担等方面有显著体现。文章综合评析新修订的《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》，旨在为我国完善海洋治理体系提供具体建议，并力图为我国海洋生态环境保护和管理提出有效的改进方案。     

黑龙江省矿山环境保护阪复治理工程与措施研究

一、我省矿山环境现状 我省是矿产资源大省，资源储量大，矿种丰富。但是，由于采矿占用土地、破坏耕地、草地、砍伐林木、疏干排水，“三废”排放，破坏了自然生态环境结构，天然植被覆盖面积降低、裸露岩石增加、地下水资源枯竭、水质恶化，降低了区域防风固砂、蓄水保土、涵养水源、净化空气、保护生物多样性等生态功能。使整体生态环境质量下降，甚至加剧水土流失、土地砂化等自然灾害，诱发崩塌滑坡、泥石流、地面塌陷等地质灾害。[第一段]     

国有土地使用权挂牌出让中的地价评估

挂牌出让土地使用权是指市、县人民政府土地行政主管部门发布挂牌公告，按公告规定的期限将拟出让宗地的交易条件在指定的土地交易场所挂牌公布，接受竞买人的报价申请并更新挂牌价格，根据挂牌期限截止时的出价结果确定土地使用者的行为。在挂牌出让中，出让人能否将土地使用权出让出去，主要取决于其定价的高低。如果定价过高，会出现有价无市；如果定价过低，则可能得不到本应获得的收襦。从竞买人的角度来看．能否获得土地，