基于资源三号卫星影像变化更新的应用浅析

选取哈尔滨市周边地区作为试验区,基于资源三号卫星影像和历史DLG信息,综合利用栅格计算方法和矢量套合比较方法进行变化发现,按照地物类别特性和指标构建变化检测知识库来消除大部分伪变化,辅助解译人员更新要素,为以后的常态性更新提供参考。     

利用资源三号测绘卫星影像实现多尺度4D产品更新

4D产品的快速生产与更新一直以来是测绘地理信息部门研究的重点,采用传统航摄技术生产和更新无图区或陈旧的地理信息资料时,生产困难,成本高,周期长,且消耗大量的人力和物力。针对这些问题,本文采用资源三号测绘卫星影像实现4D产品更新,使得更新速度加快,为多尺度4D产品的生产与更新提供了高效可靠的技术手段。     

基于EPS平台的基础地理信息数据重要要素的更新

EPS地理信息工作站集信息化测绘生产技术体系、工艺流程、生产工具、数据管理于一体,是GIS技术与CAD技术高度融合的产品,通过该平台可以实现数据航测立体采集、数据采编、入库一体化作业。本文通过探讨基础地理信息数据重要要素的更新,提出了应用EPS地理信息工作站进行重要要素更新的技术方法。     

城市基本比例尺地形图动态联动更新机制

随着测绘技术的发展,城市基本比例尺地形图更新方法也越来越多样化。文中在总结分析国内基本比例尺地形图更新情况的基础上,通过对顺德现有的地形图动态更新机制的完善,提出一种基本比例尺地形图动态联动更新机制,并经实用证明效果良好。     

Inertial Instability of Arbitrarily Meandering Currents Governed by the Eccentrically Cyclogeostrophic Equation

Using natural coordinates, we have derived a criterion for the inertial instability of arbitrarily meandering currents. Such currents, governed by the eccentrically cyclogeostrophic equation, are adopted as the basic current field for the parcel method. We assume that any virtual displacement which is given to a water parcel moving in the basic field has no influence on this field. From the conservation of mechanical energy for a virtual displacement we derive an inertial instability frequency ω _m = [(f + 2u/r)Z]^0.5 for the eccentrically cyclogeostrophic current, where f is the Coriolis parameter, u the velocity (always positive), r the radius of curvature of a streamline (negative for an anticyclonic meander), and Z the vertical component of absolute vorticity. If ω _m ² is negative, the eccentrically cyclogeostrophic current becomes unstable. Although the conventional, centrifugal instability criterion, derived from the conservation of angular momentum in a circularly symmetric current field, has a certain meaning for a monopolar vortex, it contains a radial shear vorticity that is difficult to use in arbitrarily meandering currents. The new criterion ω _m ² contains a lateral shear vorticity that is applicable to arbitrarily meandering currents. Examining instabilities of concentric rings with radii of 50–100 km, we consider reasons why the anticyclonic supersolid rotation has been very much less frequently observed than the cyclonic supersolid rotation, despite a prediction of some common stability and a rapid change in radial velocity gradient for the former. Classifying eccentric streamlines into the large and small curvature-gradient types, we point out that the large-gradient curvature in anticyclonic rings is apt to be unstable. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

正倒锥体结构上冰力谱分析实验研究

利用研制的新型非冻结可破碎合成模型冰材料，进行了冰排与正倒锥体结构物作用的物理模拟试验研究，试验中观察记录了冰排的破碎过程并测定了作用于锥体结构物上的冰力，通过快速傅立叶变换方法由所测得的冰力时程曲线得到冰力频谱，分析并讨论了冰排速度，本结构物的水线直径，锥角以及冰排弯曲破坏方向等对冰力频谱对冰力频谱因子的影响。     

改进的GNSS水准地球重力场模型评价

利用GNSS水准进行地球重力场模型精度评价是一种常用的外符合精度评价方法。针对GNSS水准与模型大地水准面高常存在较大的偏差,且常用的数学拟合方法会掩盖造成系统偏差的因素这一问题,该文分析了GNSS测量大地高的时变影响、全球大地水准面与水准测量起算面之间的区域性基准差,同时提出了顾及时变影响的GNSS水准地球重力场模型评价方法。     

Multi-temporal remote sensing data applied in automatic land cover update using iterative training sample selection and Markov Random Field model

Automatic land cover update was an effective means to obtain objective and timely land cover maps without human disturbance. This study investigated the efficacy of multi-temporal remote sensing data and advanced non-parametric classifier on improving the classification accuracy of the automatic land cover update approach integrating iterative training sample selection and Markov Random Fields model when the historical remote sensing data were unavailable. The results indicated that two-temporal remote sensing data acquired in one crop growth season could significantly improve the classification accuracy of the automatic land cover update approach by approximately 3–4%. However, the support vector machine (SVM) classifier was not suitable to be integrated in the automatic land cover update approach, because the huge initially selected training samples made the training of the SVM classifier unrealizable.     

基于SWDC-4的1∶10000基础测绘数据更新

SWDC-4数码航测相机填补了国产数字航测仪相机的空白,与国外UCD、DMC等相机相比具有众多优势,更适用于1∶10 000基础测绘数据更新。本文介绍了SWDC-4在邵阳基础测绘数据更新项目中的作业流程和技术设计过程,统计分析了空三加密和最终DLG产品的精度,为SWDC-4在其他基础测绘数据更新项目中的应用提供了借鉴。     

基态修正的GIS数据库增量更新建模

为了对GIS数据库增量更新中的增量信息、版本数据库进行组织和管理,本文采用基态修正模型,将版本数据作为基态、版本数据对应的增量信息作为修正,分别设计了其存储的数据结构,并给出了基于该模型的增量更新流程。以1∶2000地形图数据的增量更新为例,开发了空间数据库增量更新原型系统,实现了多个增量信息文件的组织存储、快速集成到历史数据中,能够满足GIS数据库增量更新的需求。