波长色散X射线荧光光谱法同时测定钒渣中的主次量成分

采用偏硼酸锂和四硼酸锂混合熔剂熔融法制样,波长色散X射线荧光光谱法同时测定钒渣中的Al2O3、SiO2、CaO、TiO2、MnO、P、V2O5、MgO、Fe、S、Cr2O3等11个主、次量成分。研究了熔剂、预氧化条件、熔样温度、脱模剂等对制样的影响。采用理论α系数校正基体效应及谱线重叠干扰的影响。测定钒渣试样各组分的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)在0.1%～7.5%。用钒渣行业级有证标准物质及实际样品验证,测定结果与标准值及其他方法的测定值相符。与化学法相比,该方法具有快速、简便,精密度好,准确度高等优点。     

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基于CE318观测的广州市气溶胶光学特性

基于CE318太阳分光光度计观测数据,反演了广州市2011年全年的气溶胶光学厚度、浑浊度和波长指数,并对广州市气溶胶光学特性的全年总体特征、季节性特征、日变化等进行了分析。结果表明：1）2011年广州市气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）全年均值为0.53,处于较高水平。其中,春季AOD最大,均值为0.81秋冬季其次,均值为0.5左右;夏季最小,均值为0.43。浑浊度与光学厚度具有相似的特点。2）从频率分布上看,波长指数α＞1.2所占比例接近90%,在1.4~1.6之间的所占比例＞50%,说明广州市的气溶胶主控粒子为小粒径的烟雾粒子。3）广州市秋冬季节的波长指数α较大,分别为1.46和1.50;春季α为1.27,夏季α为1.13。春夏季节粗粒子有较大程度地增多。总体上看,广州市区气溶胶类型接近于城市-工业性气溶胶与海洋性气溶胶的混合类型。4）广州市AOD的日变化与人类活动较为一致,上午持续上升,中午T 13:00左右到达一个小高峰,随后趋于稳定,T 17:00左右开始缓慢上升。波长指数α与AOD无明显关系。     

Comparison of geosat and gravimetric geoid profiles in the North Sea

Sea surface height profiles derived from 2‐year, repeat track, Geosat altimeter data have been compared with a regional gravimetric geoid in the western North Sea, computed using a geopotential model and terrestrial gravity data. The comparison encompasses 18 Geosat profiles covering a 750 × 850 km area of the North Sea. After a second‐order polynomial was used to model the long‐wavelength differences which cannot be clearly separated over an area of this size, results show agreement to better than ±3 cm for wavelengths between approximately 20 and 750 km. In regions where terrestrial gravity data were not available to improve the geoid, similar comparisons with the OSU91A geopotential model alone show differences of up to ±6 cm. This illustrates the importance of incorporating local gravity data in regional geoid computations, and partly validates the regional gravimetric geoid solution and Geosat sea surface profiles in the western North Sea. It is concluded that, in marine areas where the sea surface topography is known to be small in magnitude, Geosat sea surface profiles can act as an independent control on gravimetric geoids in the medium‐wavelength range.     

SAR波长对遥感图像统计特征的影响

遥感图像统计特征在目标辨识、图像配准以及图像分类等任务中扮演着重要角色。传统的统计特征鲁棒性分析一般是基于图像具有同一传感器参数的假设。而在现实任务中,往往需要处理由不同传感器参数拍摄的遥感图像,比如不同波长或入射角度等。传感器参数不同会导致图像灰度与表象特征不同,进一步会影响到统计特征表达。因此有必要系统研究常用统计特征与传感器参数之间的相关性,从而实现更加鲁棒的图像处理与分析。本文研究了目前常用的六种图像统计特征,在合成孔径雷达（SAR）波长变化时（L波段、C波段和X波段）的鲁棒性。实验中,对鲁棒性能指标作出定义,并对不同统计特征的鲁棒性做出了比较与分析。实验结果发现,不同统计特征对波长变化的鲁棒性不同,同时图像特征在不同地形时随波长变化的规律也不一致。本文的研究成果对基于SAR图像的判读、景象匹配制导以及景象适配性分析等具有重要的指导意义。     

2006年北京春季气溶胶吸收系的分离研究

A statistic regression approach was used to estimate the wavelength exponents of black carbon(BC)and dust particles,and further to separate the contributions of the two types of aerosols to the total light absorption coefficient measured in the Beijing urban area in the spring of 2006.The results show that the wavelength exponent(α)of black carbon aerosol at urban site was approximately-0.92.which is in agreement with the value of-0.8±0.2 reported in related studies.The decoupling analysis of the measured light absorption coefficients during the three floating dust periods(March 25,March 27,and April 9)demonstrates that,on average,the light absorption caused by dust particles took up about 32.8% of the total light absorption at 520 nm wavelength,and by black aerosol more than 60%.This indicates that the black carbon was still the major contributor to the total aerosol light absorption in Beijing urban area even during the floating dust periods.     

次灵敏线直接比较火焰原子吸收光谱法测定工业碳酸锶的纯度

研究了次灵敏线407．8nm原子吸收光谱法测定工业碳酸锶中碳酸锶含量的条件,建立了一种全新的分析方法,即在测定过工业碳酸锶的杂质含量后,用高纯物质配制与被测样品成分一致的工作溶液,与样品溶液比较测定。该方法要求两种溶液的基体;介质;酸度;释放剂尽量一致,并同时使用标准曲线法和直线比较法。该方法准确,简单,快速,同一样品八次测定结果的极差小于0.3％,相对标准标差为0．10％。测定结果与国标方法相吻合。     

Investigation of the electrical conductivity beneath China using geomagnetic spatial gradient method

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改进型双波长分光光度法同时测定铜和铁

本文结合Ｋ系数双波长法和双峰波长法，在改善选择性的同时提高测定的灵敏度，以２－（５－溴－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二乙氨基苯酚为显色剂，在ＰＨ＝３．０的醋酸－醋酸钠缓冲体系中，同时测定矿样，工业氧化镁，电镀废液中的铜和铁，其结果令人满意。