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61.
基于神经网络的单元自动机CA及真实和忧化的城市模拟 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
提出了一种基于神经网络的单元自动机(CA)。CA已被越来越多地应用在城市及其它地理现象的模拟中。CA模拟所碰到的最大问题是如何确定模型的结构和参数。模拟真实的城市涉及到使用许多空间变量和参数。当模型较复杂时,很难确定模型的参数值。本模型的结构较简单,模型的参数能通过对神经网络的训练来自动获取。分析表明,所提出的方法能获得更高的模拟精度,并能大大缩短寻找参数所需要的时间。通过筛选训练数据,本模型还可以进行优化的城市模拟,为城市规划提供参考依据。 相似文献
62.
Paul Barter 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2002,23(3):268-287
This paper explores links between transport and housing security issues for the urban poor using the example of the Klang Valley in Malaysia. The interface between these issues is identified as a gap in the literature, including policy debates, on both housing and transport. A number of linkages are shown to be important and likely to be relevant in many cities of the South, especially those with rapid motorisation and large numbers of "squatters". A simple framework for understanding these linkages is presented. Key examples include displacement to make way for transport infrastructure and the impact on transport problems for the poor of policies affecting the location of urban poor housing, including relocation sites and transit accommodation. The case study of the Klang Valley is used to illustrate and test the relevance of a focus on this issue and the utility of the conceptual framework. Some policy implications of the investigation and case study are suggested. 相似文献
63.
Wibjörn Karlén & Jessica L. Black 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2002,84(3&4):225-232
Two lichenometric techniques were compared in a study of lichen growth–rate in northern Sweden. The first technique, based on the maximum lichen diameter on glacier moraines, was identical to the technique used in the 1970s, whereas the other utilized the lichen diameter measured on 100 randomly selected boulders. The results indicate that it does not matter which technique is chosen, as long as the technique is used consistently on both the calibration surfaces and the surfaces to be dated. The use of data from both the 1970s and the 2000s increased the number of calibration surfaces available. The new calibration curve indicates that the age of Little Ice Age moraines was underestimated by up to about 30 years in the study conducted in the 1970s. 相似文献
64.
Clyde Woods 《The Professional geographer》2002,54(1):62-66
Predictions of the death of impoverished and actively marginalized racial and ethnic communities are premature. Many core African American societies have been devastated by the state, capital, and cultural policies of the last two decades. Simultaneously, geography and the other social sciences have been mobilized in order to prevent a fuller understanding of these communities and of the need for social equity. The further development of several approaches is required to open geography and the other disciplines up for community‐building, rather than community destruction. The incorporation of research in the following areas holds out the promise of revitalizing both: human rights; the ethnic movements underlying restructuring; the social construction of regions; the reproduction of social power; building ethnic alliance; and indigenous knowledge systems. 相似文献
65.
This article examines the locational patterns of population and employment and the resultant changes in urban form in the Halifax–Dartmouth region between 1970 and 1996. The article employs the univariate and bivariate K function to measure spatial dependence or clustering within and between the classes of residential and commercial land parcels. The results of the K function estimates suggest that residential land parcels cluster together, commercial land parcels cluster together, and residential and commercial land parcels have become more clustered over time. Evidence of clustering provides insight into the changing urban form of the region and possible multinucleation. 相似文献
66.
JEFFREY S. SMITH 《Geographical review》2002,92(3):432-451
ABSTRACT. Continued rural‐to‐urban migration has helped motivate cultural geographers, long suspected of having a rural bias, to include urban areas in their purview. Patterns of gender, class, ethnicity, and commercialization have proved to be fertile subjects for research, but the elastic links between rural and urban places are not yet well understood. Hispanos, despite intense feelings of loyalty to their rural villages, moved en masse to cities in the 1940s. By the 1950s a majority of Hispanos were living in regional urban centers of the upper Rio Grande country, where wages were higher and employment was secure. This Hispano experience is a crucible for examining how urbanites' attachment to rural places is manifested in various cultural expressions brought from country to city: painted murals, burial preferences, popular music, and irrigation ditches. Understanding threads of rural culture that have been incorporated into the urban fabric in turn leads to clearer comprehension of the emotional attachment that urbanites have for rural areas and a better appreciation of the complexity of the urban cultural environment. 相似文献
67.
基于空间信息技术的城市应急救援联动系统研究 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
该文分析国内外城市现代救援体系及其发展趋势,对基于统一的空间信息基础设施平台分布式城市应急救援联动系统(体系结构与系统实现)的关键技术进行研究,以成都市城市应急救援联动系统为例,探讨了城市应急救援联动系统的构成、功能、业务流程、系统平台、用户界面等。 相似文献
68.
东莞城市化过程中若干问题研究 总被引:10,自引:3,他引:10
黄靖 《地理与地理信息科学》2003,19(5):73-76
改革开放以来,东莞市积极吸纳海外资本与技术,通过“三来一补”企业的快速发展,带动了非农产业和小城镇的迅速发展。然而,受我国分散的工业化和农村城市化政策体制的影响,在快速城市化过程中也暴露出很多值得关注的问题。该文基于实地考察与问卷访谈,重点分析了土地利用效率低、外来人口集中以及基础设施建设与城市经济发展不相协调等问题,并提出协调城市化发展的对策。 相似文献
69.
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